Robert B Voas
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 4115267 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Robert B Voas |
| PRENOMES | Robert B |
| SOBRENOME | Voas |
| ASSINATURA | VOAS R B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | U. S. Naval School of Aviation Medicine, Pensacola, Florida |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 25 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1956 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Understanding non‐installers of the ignition interlock device
Social drinking groups and risk experience in nightclubs
Nightclubs are a setting in which young adults purposefully seek out experiences, such as drug use and alcohol intoxication that can expose them to physical harm. While physical harm occurs fairly frequently within clubs, many patrons have safe clubbing experiences. Further, not all patrons experience potential harms the same way, as there are differences in aggression and intoxication. In this article we draw on data from a research study in whi…
Intercorrelation of Alcohol and Other Drug Use Disorders among a National Sample of Drivers
This study examined the relationship between alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and painkiller use disorders in a sample of drivers. We studied nighttime drivers aged 16 to 87 (n = 4,277) from the 2007 National Roadside Survey who reported substance use behaviors and provided breath tests for alcohol. Logistic regression analyses assessed the relationships between (1) substance (i.e., alcohol/marijuana/cocaine/pain killer) use disorders; (2) demographi…
Marijuana and the Risk of Fatal Car Crashes
Public, official, and industry submissions on a Bill to increase the alcohol minimum purchasing age
Marijuana as a Predictor of Concurrent Substance Use Among Motor Vehicle Operators
Despite the adverse effects associated with marijuana abuse and dependence, marijuana is becoming more common-place in activities such as driving. Previous literature has discussed the high rates of cocaine, opioid and benzodiazepine use among users of marijuana, but no research has addressed the rates of concurrent use among drivers meeting abuse or dependence criteria. Each of these substances may produce effects detrimental to driving safety w…
Deterring DUI Behavior in the First Place
The Utility of Routinely Collected Data in Evaluating Important Policy Changes
We used the recent lowering of the alcohol purchasing age in New Zealand to examine the proposition that routinely collected data are often insufficient in evaluating important policy changes. We estimated prechange and postchange incidence rate ratios for actual and hypothetical population sizes and hospital admissions related to alcohol poisoning and assaults. Even with a hypothetical youth population 10 times larger than New Zealand's actual y…
Language, Income, Education, and Alcohol-Related Fatal Motor Vehicle Crashes
This paper investigates the role of race/ethnicity, language skills (a proxy for acculturation among Hispanics in Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas), income, and education level on alcohol-related fatal motor vehicle crashes. Using the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), we confirmed previous state-based studies showing that high income and education levels have a protective influence on alcohol-related fatal motor vehicle crashes…
Minimum Purchasing Age for Alcohol and Traffic Crash Injuries Among 15- to 19-Year-Olds in New Zealand
Objectives. In 1999, New Zealand lowered the minimum purchasing age for alcohol from 20 to 18 years. We tested the hypothesis that this increased traffic crash injuries among 15- to 19-year-olds. Methods. Poisson regression was used to compute incidence rate ratios for the after to before incidence of alcohol-involved crashes and hospitalized injuries among 18- to 19-year-olds and 15- to 17-year-olds (20- to 24-year-olds were the reference). Resu…
A Conceptual Model of the Alcohol Environment of College Students
Alcohol use is highly prevalent among U.S. college students and alcohol-related problems are often considered the most serious public health issue on American college campuses. Recent efforts in alcohol prevention on college campuses have focused on changing drinking environments. However, little conceptual work has been produced or published to guide such efforts. This paper presents an empirically based conceptual model of college alcohol use f…
Underage drivers are separating drinking from driving
OBJECTIVES: From 1985 to 1995, drivers younger than 21 years experienced a 50% drop in fatal crashes involving alcohol. This study addresses whether the decrease is explained by young drivers' drinking less or by their separating drinking from driving. METHODS: Nighttime roadside surveys were conducted in 3 communities to test drivers' breath and administer questionnaires on drinking practices. From 1992 to 1996, 34,898 drivers (21% of whom were …
Nighttime observations of safety belt use
OBJECTIVES: An analysis was conducted to determine what effect California's change to a primary safety belt law had on safety belt use among nighttime weekend drivers. METHODS: Observations of 18,469 drivers in 2 California communities were made during voluntary roadside surveys conducted every other Friday and Saturday night from 9 PM to 2 AM for 4 years. RESULTS: Rates of safety belt use rose from 73.0% to 95.6% (P
Using a passive alcohol sensor to detect legally intoxicated drivers
OBJECTIVES. We examined whether a passive alcohol sensor could be used for mass screening of motorists to accurately and quickly detect drivers whose blood alcohol concentration exceeded a variety of levels often established as per se evidence of legal intoxication. METHODS. In a voluntary roadside survey, 1181 late-night drivers in Minnesota were interviewed. Breath measurements were taken with both a passive alcohol sensor and an evidentiary qu…
The New Philadelphia Story
This article documents the experience of a community–New Philadelphia, Ohio–in which a concerned judge attempted to apply severe penalties in order to deter drunk driving. Surveys of drivers on weekend nights were performed in this community and the nearby comparison city of Cambridge in order to determine the extent to which the legal threats were perceived and the extent to which people drank and drove. It was found that the judicial policies w…
A Procedure for Reducing the Effects of Slanting Questionnaire Responses Toward Social Acceptability
important failings of almost á6iíliyt~ijt iYwHft)~J erta6~¿Laesir~in~~a trait a~~e~roDa bmty ~ t~!Be’end6rsed? Edward~~;?~1 ~:;tenHibRs~i~1 b ~. 8 ~ ’be~een tne ~ocM!-oii, 1, ~j:,I1 ~tt 11 Te l~ii6 ng~h; i
Personality Correlates of Reading Speed and the Time Required to Complete Questionnaires
Personality Correlates of Reading Speed and the Time Required to Complete Questionnaires
Comparison of the Taylor Anxiety Scale Administered Separately and within the MMPI
McCreary and Bendig found a reduction in the mean Taylor score on retest. They hypothesized that fatigue reduces the anxiety scores and, therefore, that the scale imbedded in the full length MMPI would yield lower scores than when given separately. To test this hypothesis three groups of naval cadets ( N=106, 134, 113) were given both the scale alone and the scale imbedded in the MMPI. The reduction in anxiety score on retest was confirmed but th…
Relationship between Behavior in a Stress Situation and Later Separation from Flight Training with Expressed Anxiety toward Flying
The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between reactions of cadets during simulated high altitude in a decompression chamber and the later development of anxiety toward flying as reported in terminal interviews. The results for 1540 cadets indicated that significantly more of those who withdrew because of anxiety toward flying had anxiety reactions in the decompression chamber than of those who completed the Naval Air Trai…
Relationship Between Behavior in a Stress Situation and Later Separation From Flight Training With Expressed Anxiety Toward Flying
Intelligence and the Distortion of Responses on the Taylor Anxiety Scale
Taylor has suggested that where a negative relationship exists between intelligence and scores on her anxiety questionnaire, it is due to the ability of the more intelligent Ss to "outguess" the anxiety scale and present themselves in a favorable light. 84 naval cadets took the Taylor scale under instructions to give the "best" answer. Under these conditions a statistically significant correlation of —.29 between the Taylor scores and ACE scores …
Some Evidence for the Concurrent Validity of the Heineman Anxiety Scale
231 cadets who had failed or were withdrawing from the Naval Flight Training Program were classified into “anxiety” or “no-anxiety” groups. The “anxiety” group had a significantly higher score on the Heineman forced-choice form of the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale than did the “no-anxiety” group
Comparison of the Taylor Anxiety Scale Administered Separately and Within the Mmpi
ammonsscientific.com is your first and best source for all of the information you’re looking for. From general topics to more of what you would expect to find here, ammonsscientific.com has it all. We hope you find what you are searching for
Intelligence and the Distortion of Responses on the Taylor Anxiety Scale
Taylor has suggested that where a negative relationship exists between intelligence and scores on her anxiety questionnaire, it is due to the ability of the more intelligent Ss to “outguess” the anxiety scale and present themselves in a favorable light. 84 naval cadets took the Taylor scale under instructions to give the “best” answer. Under these conditions a statistically significant correlation of —.29 between the Taylor scores and ACE scores …
Minimum Purchasing Age for Alcohol and Traffic Crash Injuries Among 15- to 19-Year-Olds in New Zealand
Objectives. In 1999, New Zealand lowered the minimum purchasing age for alcohol from 20 to 18 years. We tested the hypothesis that this increased traffic crash injuries among 15- to 19-year-olds. Methods. Poisson regression was used to compute incidence rate ratios for the after to before incidence of alcohol-involved crashes and hospitalized injuries among 18- to 19-year-olds and 15- to 17-year-olds (20- to 24-year-olds were the reference). Resu…
A Conceptual Model of the Alcohol Environment of College Students
Alcohol use is highly prevalent among U.S. college students and alcohol-related problems are often considered the most serious public health issue on American college campuses. Recent efforts in alcohol prevention on college campuses have focused on changing drinking environments. However, little conceptual work has been produced or published to guide such efforts. This paper presents an empirically based conceptual model of college alcohol use f…
The New Philadelphia Story
This article documents the experience of a community–New Philadelphia, Ohio–in which a concerned judge attempted to apply severe penalties in order to deter drunk driving. Surveys of drivers on weekend nights were performed in this community and the nearby comparison city of Cambridge in order to determine the extent to which the legal threats were perceived and the extent to which people drank and drove. It was found that the judicial policies w…
Nighttime observations of safety belt use
OBJECTIVES: An analysis was conducted to determine what effect California's change to a primary safety belt law had on safety belt use among nighttime weekend drivers. METHODS: Observations of 18,469 drivers in 2 California communities were made during voluntary roadside surveys conducted every other Friday and Saturday night from 9 PM to 2 AM for 4 years. RESULTS: Rates of safety belt use rose from 73.0% to 95.6% (P
Deterring DUI Behavior in the First Place
The Utility of Routinely Collected Data in Evaluating Important Policy Changes
We used the recent lowering of the alcohol purchasing age in New Zealand to examine the proposition that routinely collected data are often insufficient in evaluating important policy changes. We estimated prechange and postchange incidence rate ratios for actual and hypothetical population sizes and hospital admissions related to alcohol poisoning and assaults. Even with a hypothetical youth population 10 times larger than New Zealand's actual y…
Using a passive alcohol sensor to detect legally intoxicated drivers
OBJECTIVES. We examined whether a passive alcohol sensor could be used for mass screening of motorists to accurately and quickly detect drivers whose blood alcohol concentration exceeded a variety of levels often established as per se evidence of legal intoxication. METHODS. In a voluntary roadside survey, 1181 late-night drivers in Minnesota were interviewed. Breath measurements were taken with both a passive alcohol sensor and an evidentiary qu…
Comparison of the Taylor Anxiety Scale Administered Separately and within the MMPI
McCreary and Bendig found a reduction in the mean Taylor score on retest. They hypothesized that fatigue reduces the anxiety scores and, therefore, that the scale imbedded in the full length MMPI would yield lower scores than when given separately. To test this hypothesis three groups of naval cadets ( N=106, 134, 113) were given both the scale alone and the scale imbedded in the MMPI. The reduction in anxiety score on retest was confirmed but th…
Relationship between Behavior in a Stress Situation and Later Separation from Flight Training with Expressed Anxiety toward Flying
The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between reactions of cadets during simulated high altitude in a decompression chamber and the later development of anxiety toward flying as reported in terminal interviews. The results for 1540 cadets indicated that significantly more of those who withdrew because of anxiety toward flying had anxiety reactions in the decompression chamber than of those who completed the Naval Air Trai…
Relationship Between Behavior in a Stress Situation and Later Separation From Flight Training With Expressed Anxiety Toward Flying
Intelligence and the Distortion of Responses on the Taylor Anxiety Scale
Taylor has suggested that where a negative relationship exists between intelligence and scores on her anxiety questionnaire, it is due to the ability of the more intelligent Ss to "outguess" the anxiety scale and present themselves in a favorable light. 84 naval cadets took the Taylor scale under instructions to give the "best" answer. Under these conditions a statistically significant correlation of —.29 between the Taylor scores and ACE scores …
Some Evidence for the Concurrent Validity of the Heineman Anxiety Scale
231 cadets who had failed or were withdrawing from the Naval Flight Training Program were classified into “anxiety” or “no-anxiety” groups. The “anxiety” group had a significantly higher score on the Heineman forced-choice form of the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale than did the “no-anxiety” group
Comparison of the Taylor Anxiety Scale Administered Separately and Within the Mmpi
ammonsscientific.com is your first and best source for all of the information you’re looking for. From general topics to more of what you would expect to find here, ammonsscientific.com has it all. We hope you find what you are searching for
Intelligence and the Distortion of Responses on the Taylor Anxiety Scale
Taylor has suggested that where a negative relationship exists between intelligence and scores on her anxiety questionnaire, it is due to the ability of the more intelligent Ss to “outguess” the anxiety scale and present themselves in a favorable light. 84 naval cadets took the Taylor scale under instructions to give the “best” answer. Under these conditions a statistically significant correlation of —.29 between the Taylor scores and ACE scores …
Personality Correlates of Reading Speed and the Time Required to Complete Questionnaires
Personality Correlates of Reading Speed and the Time Required to Complete Questionnaires
A Procedure for Reducing the Effects of Slanting Questionnaire Responses Toward Social Acceptability
important failings of almost á6iíliyt~ijt iYwHft)~J erta6~¿Laesir~in~~a trait a~~e~roDa bmty ~ t~!Be’end6rsed? Edward~~;?~1 ~:;tenHibRs~i~1 b ~. 8 ~ ’be~een tne ~ocM!-oii, 1, ~j:,I1 ~tt 11 Te l~ii6 ng~h; i
The New Philadelphia Story
This article documents the experience of a community–New Philadelphia, Ohio–in which a concerned judge attempted to apply severe penalties in order to deter drunk driving. Surveys of drivers on weekend nights were performed in this community and the nearby comparison city of Cambridge in order to determine the extent to which the legal threats were perceived and the extent to which people drank and drove. It was found that the judicial policies w…
Using a passive alcohol sensor to detect legally intoxicated drivers
OBJECTIVES. We examined whether a passive alcohol sensor could be used for mass screening of motorists to accurately and quickly detect drivers whose blood alcohol concentration exceeded a variety of levels often established as per se evidence of legal intoxication. METHODS. In a voluntary roadside survey, 1181 late-night drivers in Minnesota were interviewed. Breath measurements were taken with both a passive alcohol sensor and an evidentiary qu…
Nighttime observations of safety belt use
OBJECTIVES: An analysis was conducted to determine what effect California's change to a primary safety belt law had on safety belt use among nighttime weekend drivers. METHODS: Observations of 18,469 drivers in 2 California communities were made during voluntary roadside surveys conducted every other Friday and Saturday night from 9 PM to 2 AM for 4 years. RESULTS: Rates of safety belt use rose from 73.0% to 95.6% (P
Underage drivers are separating drinking from driving
OBJECTIVES: From 1985 to 1995, drivers younger than 21 years experienced a 50% drop in fatal crashes involving alcohol. This study addresses whether the decrease is explained by young drivers' drinking less or by their separating drinking from driving. METHODS: Nighttime roadside surveys were conducted in 3 communities to test drivers' breath and administer questionnaires on drinking practices. From 1992 to 1996, 34,898 drivers (21% of whom were …
A Conceptual Model of the Alcohol Environment of College Students
Alcohol use is highly prevalent among U.S. college students and alcohol-related problems are often considered the most serious public health issue on American college campuses. Recent efforts in alcohol prevention on college campuses have focused on changing drinking environments. However, little conceptual work has been produced or published to guide such efforts. This paper presents an empirically based conceptual model of college alcohol use f…
Language, Income, Education, and Alcohol-Related Fatal Motor Vehicle Crashes
This paper investigates the role of race/ethnicity, language skills (a proxy for acculturation among Hispanics in Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas), income, and education level on alcohol-related fatal motor vehicle crashes. Using the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), we confirmed previous state-based studies showing that high income and education levels have a protective influence on alcohol-related fatal motor vehicle crashes…
Minimum Purchasing Age for Alcohol and Traffic Crash Injuries Among 15- to 19-Year-Olds in New Zealand
Objectives. In 1999, New Zealand lowered the minimum purchasing age for alcohol from 20 to 18 years. We tested the hypothesis that this increased traffic crash injuries among 15- to 19-year-olds. Methods. Poisson regression was used to compute incidence rate ratios for the after to before incidence of alcohol-involved crashes and hospitalized injuries among 18- to 19-year-olds and 15- to 17-year-olds (20- to 24-year-olds were the reference). Resu…
The Utility of Routinely Collected Data in Evaluating Important Policy Changes
We used the recent lowering of the alcohol purchasing age in New Zealand to examine the proposition that routinely collected data are often insufficient in evaluating important policy changes. We estimated prechange and postchange incidence rate ratios for actual and hypothetical population sizes and hospital admissions related to alcohol poisoning and assaults. Even with a hypothetical youth population 10 times larger than New Zealand's actual y…
Marijuana as a Predictor of Concurrent Substance Use Among Motor Vehicle Operators
Despite the adverse effects associated with marijuana abuse and dependence, marijuana is becoming more common-place in activities such as driving. Previous literature has discussed the high rates of cocaine, opioid and benzodiazepine use among users of marijuana, but no research has addressed the rates of concurrent use among drivers meeting abuse or dependence criteria. Each of these substances may produce effects detrimental to driving safety w…
Deterring DUI Behavior in the First Place
Public, official, and industry submissions on a Bill to increase the alcohol minimum purchasing age
Social drinking groups and risk experience in nightclubs
Nightclubs are a setting in which young adults purposefully seek out experiences, such as drug use and alcohol intoxication that can expose them to physical harm. While physical harm occurs fairly frequently within clubs, many patrons have safe clubbing experiences. Further, not all patrons experience potential harms the same way, as there are differences in aggression and intoxication. In this article we draw on data from a research study in whi…
Intercorrelation of Alcohol and Other Drug Use Disorders among a National Sample of Drivers
This study examined the relationship between alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and painkiller use disorders in a sample of drivers. We studied nighttime drivers aged 16 to 87 (n = 4,277) from the 2007 National Roadside Survey who reported substance use behaviors and provided breath tests for alcohol. Logistic regression analyses assessed the relationships between (1) substance (i.e., alcohol/marijuana/cocaine/pain killer) use disorders; (2) demographi…
Marijuana and the Risk of Fatal Car Crashes
Understanding non‐installers of the ignition interlock device
Psychology (18 obras) · Medicine (14 obras) · Environmental health (12 obras) · Psychiatry (11 obras) · Social Psychology (11 obras) · Clinical Psychology (10 obras) · Clinical Psychology (10 obras) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (10 obras) · Poison control (9 obras) · Social Psychology (9 obras)