Bernard Maire
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 4210103 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Bernard Maire |
| PRENOMES | Bernard |
| SOBRENOME | Maire |
| ASSINATURA | MAIRE B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Institut de Recherche pour le Développement |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 22 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 0 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2000 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 0 |
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022
BACKGROUND: Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. METHODS: ). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI 2 SD above the median). FINDINGS: From 1990 to 20…
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019
BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blo…
Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories
BACKGROUND: Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. METHODS: For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease …
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities 1,2 . This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity 3–6 . Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean B…
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016
BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height…
Prevalence of diabetes in Northern African countries
Through its capacity to provide the data on the burden of diabetes in the context of the epidemiological transition that North Africa is facing, this survey will not only be valuable source for health care planners in Tunisia, but will also serve as an important research for the study of diabetes in the region where data is scarce. In this context, NCDs emerge as an intersectoral challenge and their social determinants requiring social, food and …
A frequency questionnaire to estimate free-living physical activity among Tunisian preadolescent and adolescent children
Objective To develop a child- and adolescent-appropriate physical activity frequency questionnaire (PAFQ) in Tunisia, North Africa. Design A PAFQ was developed from a physical activity (PA) inventory that comprised major activity components (at home, preparing meals, school time, transport, non-sport leisure, sports, prayer and sleeping time). Then, type and duration of each activity undertaken during the past week were estimated. Total energy ex…
Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults
Objective To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and to evaluate the relationship between this diagnosis and cardiovascular risk factors, demographic and socio-economic variables. Design A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including information on sociodemographic and CVD risk factors. Blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose and lipid profile were measured. MetS was defined according …
Adequacy of child anthropometric indicators for measuring nutritional stress at population level
Objective To compare the responsiveness of different anthropometric indicators for measuring nutritional stress among children in developing countries. Design Growth was studied within 6-month intervals in a rural Senegalese community during one dry and two rainy (hungry) seasons. Responsiveness was defined as the change divided by the standard deviation of each anthropometric indicator. Contrast was defined as the difference in responsiveness be…
Blood pressure and associated factors in a North African adolescent population. a national cross-sectional study in Tunisia
Within the limits of BP measurement on one visit only, these results suggest that Tunisian adolescents of both genders are likely not spared from early elevated BP. Though further assessment is likely needed, the strong association with overweight/obesity observed suggests that interventions aimed at changing lifestyles to reduce this main risk factor may also be appropriate for the prevention of elevated BP
Mid‐upper arm circumference and weight‐for‐height to identify high‐risk malnourished under‐five children
The World Health Organization and UNICEF define non‐oedematous severe acute malnutrition (SAM) either by a mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) less than 115 mm or by a weight‐for‐height z‐score (WHZ) less than –3. The objective of this study was to assess whether there was any benefit to identify malnourished children with a high risk of death to combine these two diagnostic criteria. Data of a longitudinal study examining the relationship between…
Food shopping transition
Objective In the context of the nutrition transition and associated changes in the food retail sector, to examine the socio-economic characteristics and motivations of shoppers using different retail formats (large supermarkets (LSM), medium-sized supermarkets (MSM) or traditional outlets) in Tunisia. Design Cross-sectional survey (2006). Socio-economic status, type of food retailer and motivations data were collected during house visits. Associa…
Influence of acculturation among Tunisian migrants in France and their past/present exposure to the home country on diet and physical activity
Objective To study how dietary patterns and physical activity vary with acculturation and with past and current exposure to socio-cultural norms of the home country among Tunisian migrants. Design A retrospective cohort study was conducted using quota sampling ( n 150) based on age and residence. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Physical activity level and dietary aspects were compared according to length of residence (accultura…
Incidence and duration of severe wasting in two African populations
Objective The present study aimed to compare two situations of endemic malnutrition among Design Secondary analysis of longitudinal studies, conducted several years ago, which allowed incidence and duration to be calculated from transition rates. The first site was Niakhar in Senegal, an area under demographic surveillance, where we followed a cohort of children in 1983–5. The second site was Bwamanda in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where we…
Nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents
Objective To assess the nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents and associated factors. Design A cross-sectional study based on a national stratified random cluster sample. Subjects and methods In all, 1295 boys and 1577 girls aged 15–19 years, of whom 28·4 % had already left school. Socio-economic characteristics of the parents, anthropometric measurements, food behaviours and physical activity of the adolescents were recorded during home vis…
Influence of socio-economic and lifestyle factors on overweight and nutrition-related diseases among Tunisian migrants versus non-migrant Tunisians and French
Our study clearly shows that lifestyle (smoking) and cultural background (alcohol) are involved in the observed protective effect of migration
Knowledge of dietary and behaviour-related determinants of non-communicable disease in urban Senegalese women
Findings suggest reasonable overall knowledge concerning diet and behaviour with NCD, especially given the relatively new context of the obesity epidemic in Senegal. However, there was poor knowledge of the benefit of eating fruit and vegetables and other preventable causes of certain cancers. Education targeting the benefits of vegetables and fruit may have the greatest impact on NCD prevention
Knowledge of dietary and behaviour-related determinants of non-communicable disease in urban Senegalese women
Objective To assess knowledge of dietary and behaviour-related determinants of non-communicable disease (NCD) of urban Senegalese women. Design A cross-sectional, population study using an interviewer-administered knowledge questionnaire, developed and validated for this study. The questionnaire consisted of 24 items with six scores measuring knowledge of: (1) diet- and behaviour-related causes of NCD; (2) diet quality–NCD relationship; (3) fruit…
Les malnutritions
Sensitivity and specificity of the body mass index to assess low percent body fat in African women
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) to reflect low percent body fat (%BF) in a population with a rather mild but widespread prevalence of low BMI. A sample of 586 women was studied in the Plateau Koukouya, a rural area of the Republic of Congo, Central Africa. Percent BF was estimated from bioelectrical impedance (BIA). BIA parameters were assumed to reflect lean body mass. The correlation b…
Sensitivity and specificity of the body mass index to assess low percent body fat in African women
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) to reflect low percent body fat (%BF) in a population with a rather mild but widespread prevalence of low BMI. A sample of 586 women was studied in the Plateau Koukouya, a rural area of the Republic of Congo, Central Africa. Percent BF was estimated from bioelectrical impedance (BIA). BIA parameters were assumed to reflect lean body mass. The correlation…
Dietary changes in African urban households in response to currency devaluation
Objective To investigate the effects of currency devaluation on dietary change and nutritional vulnerability of poor households in two African capital cities. Design A qualitative study based on 120 semistructured individual interviews and four focus group discussions in each city. Setting Dakar, Senegal (western Africa) and Brazzaville, Congo (central Africa). Subjects All of the subjects were randomly selected women from modest or poor househol…
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Sensitivity and specificity of the body mass index to assess low percent body fat in African women
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) to reflect low percent body fat (%BF) in a population with a rather mild but widespread prevalence of low BMI. A sample of 586 women was studied in the Plateau Koukouya, a rural area of the Republic of Congo, Central Africa. Percent BF was estimated from bioelectrical impedance (BIA). BIA parameters were assumed to reflect lean body mass. The correlation b…
Sensitivity and specificity of the body mass index to assess low percent body fat in African women
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) to reflect low percent body fat (%BF) in a population with a rather mild but widespread prevalence of low BMI. A sample of 586 women was studied in the Plateau Koukouya, a rural area of the Republic of Congo, Central Africa. Percent BF was estimated from bioelectrical impedance (BIA). BIA parameters were assumed to reflect lean body mass. The correlation…
Dietary changes in African urban households in response to currency devaluation
Objective To investigate the effects of currency devaluation on dietary change and nutritional vulnerability of poor households in two African capital cities. Design A qualitative study based on 120 semistructured individual interviews and four focus group discussions in each city. Setting Dakar, Senegal (western Africa) and Brazzaville, Congo (central Africa). Subjects All of the subjects were randomly selected women from modest or poor househol…
Les malnutritions
Knowledge of dietary and behaviour-related determinants of non-communicable disease in urban Senegalese women
Findings suggest reasonable overall knowledge concerning diet and behaviour with NCD, especially given the relatively new context of the obesity epidemic in Senegal. However, there was poor knowledge of the benefit of eating fruit and vegetables and other preventable causes of certain cancers. Education targeting the benefits of vegetables and fruit may have the greatest impact on NCD prevention
Knowledge of dietary and behaviour-related determinants of non-communicable disease in urban Senegalese women
Objective To assess knowledge of dietary and behaviour-related determinants of non-communicable disease (NCD) of urban Senegalese women. Design A cross-sectional, population study using an interviewer-administered knowledge questionnaire, developed and validated for this study. The questionnaire consisted of 24 items with six scores measuring knowledge of: (1) diet- and behaviour-related causes of NCD; (2) diet quality–NCD relationship; (3) fruit…
Influence of socio-economic and lifestyle factors on overweight and nutrition-related diseases among Tunisian migrants versus non-migrant Tunisians and French
Our study clearly shows that lifestyle (smoking) and cultural background (alcohol) are involved in the observed protective effect of migration
Nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents
Objective To assess the nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents and associated factors. Design A cross-sectional study based on a national stratified random cluster sample. Subjects and methods In all, 1295 boys and 1577 girls aged 15–19 years, of whom 28·4 % had already left school. Socio-economic characteristics of the parents, anthropometric measurements, food behaviours and physical activity of the adolescents were recorded during home vis…
Influence of acculturation among Tunisian migrants in France and their past/present exposure to the home country on diet and physical activity
Objective To study how dietary patterns and physical activity vary with acculturation and with past and current exposure to socio-cultural norms of the home country among Tunisian migrants. Design A retrospective cohort study was conducted using quota sampling ( n 150) based on age and residence. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Physical activity level and dietary aspects were compared according to length of residence (accultura…
Incidence and duration of severe wasting in two African populations
Objective The present study aimed to compare two situations of endemic malnutrition among Design Secondary analysis of longitudinal studies, conducted several years ago, which allowed incidence and duration to be calculated from transition rates. The first site was Niakhar in Senegal, an area under demographic surveillance, where we followed a cohort of children in 1983–5. The second site was Bwamanda in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where we…
Food shopping transition
Objective In the context of the nutrition transition and associated changes in the food retail sector, to examine the socio-economic characteristics and motivations of shoppers using different retail formats (large supermarkets (LSM), medium-sized supermarkets (MSM) or traditional outlets) in Tunisia. Design Cross-sectional survey (2006). Socio-economic status, type of food retailer and motivations data were collected during house visits. Associa…
Mid‐upper arm circumference and weight‐for‐height to identify high‐risk malnourished under‐five children
The World Health Organization and UNICEF define non‐oedematous severe acute malnutrition (SAM) either by a mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) less than 115 mm or by a weight‐for‐height z‐score (WHZ) less than –3. The objective of this study was to assess whether there was any benefit to identify malnourished children with a high risk of death to combine these two diagnostic criteria. Data of a longitudinal study examining the relationship between…
Blood pressure and associated factors in a North African adolescent population. a national cross-sectional study in Tunisia
Within the limits of BP measurement on one visit only, these results suggest that Tunisian adolescents of both genders are likely not spared from early elevated BP. Though further assessment is likely needed, the strong association with overweight/obesity observed suggests that interventions aimed at changing lifestyles to reduce this main risk factor may also be appropriate for the prevention of elevated BP
Prevalence and determinants of the metabolic syndrome among Tunisian adults
Objective To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components and to evaluate the relationship between this diagnosis and cardiovascular risk factors, demographic and socio-economic variables. Design A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire including information on sociodemographic and CVD risk factors. Blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose and lipid profile were measured. MetS was defined according …
Adequacy of child anthropometric indicators for measuring nutritional stress at population level
Objective To compare the responsiveness of different anthropometric indicators for measuring nutritional stress among children in developing countries. Design Growth was studied within 6-month intervals in a rural Senegalese community during one dry and two rainy (hungry) seasons. Responsiveness was defined as the change divided by the standard deviation of each anthropometric indicator. Contrast was defined as the difference in responsiveness be…
Prevalence of diabetes in Northern African countries
Through its capacity to provide the data on the burden of diabetes in the context of the epidemiological transition that North Africa is facing, this survey will not only be valuable source for health care planners in Tunisia, but will also serve as an important research for the study of diabetes in the region where data is scarce. In this context, NCDs emerge as an intersectoral challenge and their social determinants requiring social, food and …
A frequency questionnaire to estimate free-living physical activity among Tunisian preadolescent and adolescent children
Objective To develop a child- and adolescent-appropriate physical activity frequency questionnaire (PAFQ) in Tunisia, North Africa. Design A PAFQ was developed from a physical activity (PA) inventory that comprised major activity components (at home, preparing meals, school time, transport, non-sport leisure, sports, prayer and sleeping time). Then, type and duration of each activity undertaken during the past week were estimated. Total energy ex…
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016
BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height…
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities 1,2 . This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity 3–6 . Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean B…
Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories
BACKGROUND: Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. METHODS: For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease …
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019
BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blo…
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022
BACKGROUND: Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. METHODS: ). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI 2 SD above the median). FINDINGS: From 1990 to 20…
Medicine (20 obras) · Demography (18 obras) · Environmental health (15 obras) · Population (15 obras) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (12 obras) · Demography (11 obras) · Body mass index (10 obras) · Internal Medicine (10 obras) · Obesity (10 obras) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (7 obras)