Thomas M Gill
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 4265263 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Thomas M Gill |
| PRENOMES | Thomas M |
| SOBRENOME | Gill |
| ASSINATURA | GILL T M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Yale University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6450-0368 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 61 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1994 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Novel indices of state- and county-level social disadvantage in older Americans and disparities in mortality
Identifying barriers and facilitators for using a smartwatch to monitor health among older adults
Smartwatches are a type of wearable device that enable continuous monitoring of an individual's activities and critical health metrics. As the number of older adults age 65+ continues to grow in the U.S., so does their usage of smartwatches, making it necessary to understand the real-world uptake and use of these devices to monitor health. In this study, older adults with a relatively high level of education and digital skills were provided with …
Residential exposure to petroleum refining and stroke in the southern United States
PPR is associated with self-reported stroke prevalence, suggesting possible links between pollutants emitted from refineries and stroke. The increased prevalence due to PPR may differ by sociodemographic factors
Childhood Circumstances and Health Inequality in Old Age
Patterns of Caregiving Among Older Adults With and Without Dementia
Care types can help us understand sources of heterogeneity in caregiving and effectively target caregiver support services and interventions
Spousal Influences on Monthly Disability in Late-Life Marriage in the Precipitating Events Project
Incorporating a spouse's current disability level in modeling older adults' subsequent disability provides additional predictive information. Wives with greater disability may be at a particularly high risk of accelerated decline when their husbands have greater disability
Short-Term Disability Fluctuations in Late Life
Short-term disability fluctuations in late life were substantial, were linked to mortality-related processes, and represent a concomitant feature of disability increases in late life
Restricting Back Pain and Subsequent Disability in Activities of Daily Living Among Community-Living Older Adults
Restricting back pain was independently associated with subsequent disability in eADL and iADL. Interventions focused on decreasing restricting back pain in older adults may have the potential to reduce the subsequent burden of disability
Social Participation Modifies the Effect of a Structured Physical Activity Program on Major Mobility Disability Among Older Adults
Our findings suggest that baseline social participation is an important factor for the success of a PA intervention aimed at delaying mobility disability
Socioeconomic differences in the benefits of structured physical activity compared with health education on the prevention of major mobility disability in older adults
BACKGROUND: Evidence is lacking on whether health-benefiting community-based interventions differ in their effectiveness according to socioeconomic characteristics. We evaluated whether the benefit of a structured physical activity intervention on reducing mobility disability in older adults differs by education or income. METHODS: The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study was a multicentre, randomised trial that compar…
Risk Stratification in Older Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Physicians reported limitations of available risk models when applied to older adults with AMI. New models are needed to guide AMI treatment in this population
Effect of Structured Physical Activity on Prevention of Major Mobility Disability in Older Adults
IMPORTANCE: In older adults reduced mobility is common and is an independent risk factor for morbidity, hospitalization, disability, and mortality. Limited evidence suggests that physical activity may help prevent mobility disability; however, there are no definitive clinical trials examining whether physical activity prevents or delays mobility disability. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that a long-term structured physical activity program is…
Resiliency Over Time of Elders’ Age Stereotypes After Encountering Stressful Events
The robustness of negative age stereotypes was expressed in their capacity to resist change as well as generate it
Association between resting heart rate across the life course and all-cause mortality
BACKGROUND: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an independent risk factor for mortality. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether elevations in childhood and mid-adulthood RHR, including changes over time, are associated with mortality later in life. We sought to evaluate the association between RHR across the life course, along with its changes and all-cause mortality. METHODS: We studied 4638 men and women from the Medical Research Council (MRC) National S…
A Method for Partitioning the Attributable Fraction of Multiple Time-Dependent Coexisting Risk Factors for an Adverse Health Outcome
Objectives. We decomposed the total effect of coexisting diseases on a timed occurrence of an adverse outcome into additive effects from individual diseases. Methods. In a cohort of older adults enrolled in the Precipitating Events Project in New Haven County, Connecticut, we assessed a longitudinal extension of the average attributable fraction method (LE-AAF) to estimate the additive and order-free contributions of multiple diseases to the time…
Mixed Methods for the Interpretation of Longitudinal Gerontologic Data
This article's main objective is to demonstrate that data analysis, including quantitative data analysis, is a process of interpretation involving basic hermeneutic principles that philosophers have identified in the interpretive process as applied to other, mainly literary, creations. Such principles include a version of the hermeneutic circle, an insistence on interpretive presuppositions, and a resistance to reducing the discovery of truth to …
Trajectories of Disability in the Last Year of Life
BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of functional status to older persons and their families, little is known about the course of disability at the end of life. METHODS: We evaluated data on 383 decedents from a longitudinal study involving 754 community-dwelling older persons. None of the subjects had disability in essential activities of daily living at the beginning of the study, and the level of disability was ascertained during monthly interv…
Longitudinal Association Between Self-rated Health and Timed Gait Among Older Persons
Among older persons, SRH is associated with the development of lower extremity dysfunction but not with recovery from lower extremity dysfunction. This relationship may indicate an intermediate step in the pathway from SRH to mortality
Modeling transition rates using panel current-status data
Studies of disability dynamics and active life expectancy often rely on transition rates or probabilities that are estimated using panel survey data in which respondents report on current health or functional status. If respondents are contacted at intervals of one or two years, then relatively short periods of disability or recovery between surveys may be missed. Much published research that uses such data assumes that there are no unrecorded tr…
A standard procedure for creating a frailty index
Hearing Decline Predicted by Elders' Stereotypes
Although age-related hearing loss is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting older individuals, little research has been conducted on the social-psychological factors that might contribute to it. The present study examines whether older individuals' age stereotypes predict screened hearing over time. The sample consisted of 546 community-dwelling persons, aged 70 to 96 years old. Participants with more negative and more external (i.e., rel…
Environmental Hazards and the Risk of Nonsyncopal Falls in the Homes of Community-Living Older Persons
BACKGROUND: Identifying and eliminating environmental hazards in the home has high face validity but little empirical support for fall prevention. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether environmental hazards increase the risk of nonsyncopal falls in the homes of community-living older persons. RESEARCH DESIGN: This was a prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 1,088 men and women from a probability samp…
A population-based study of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to estimate the population-based prevalence of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons and to determine whether the prevalence of these hazards differs by housing type or by level of disability in terms of activities of daily living (ADLs). METHODS: An environmental assessment was completed in the homes of 1000 persons 72 years and older. Weighted prevalence rates were calculated for each of the potential…
A Critical Appraisal of the Quality of Quality-of-Life Measurements
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how well quality of life is being measured in the medical literature and to offer a new approach to the measurement. DATA SOURCES: Original English-language articles having the term "quality of life" in their titles were identified from a recent Quality-of-Life Bibliography and from two MEDLINE searches. Articles were eligible for review only if they described or used one or more "quality-of-life" instruments. STUDY SELECTI…
Modeling transition rates using panel current-status data
Studies of disability dynamics and active life expectancy often rely on transition rates or probabilities that are estimated using panel survey data in which respondents report on current health or functional status. If respondents are contacted at intervals of one or two years, then relatively short periods of disability or recovery between surveys may be missed. Much published research that uses such data assumes that there are no unrecorded tr…
Hearing Decline Predicted by Elders' Stereotypes
Although age-related hearing loss is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting older individuals, little research has been conducted on the social-psychological factors that might contribute to it. The present study examines whether older individuals' age stereotypes predict screened hearing over time. The sample consisted of 546 community-dwelling persons, aged 70 to 96 years old. Participants with more negative and more external (i.e., rel…
Mixed Methods for the Interpretation of Longitudinal Gerontologic Data
This article's main objective is to demonstrate that data analysis, including quantitative data analysis, is a process of interpretation involving basic hermeneutic principles that philosophers have identified in the interpretive process as applied to other, mainly literary, creations. Such principles include a version of the hermeneutic circle, an insistence on interpretive presuppositions, and a resistance to reducing the discovery of truth to …
Resiliency Over Time of Elders’ Age Stereotypes After Encountering Stressful Events
The robustness of negative age stereotypes was expressed in their capacity to resist change as well as generate it
A population-based study of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to estimate the population-based prevalence of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons and to determine whether the prevalence of these hazards differs by housing type or by level of disability in terms of activities of daily living (ADLs). METHODS: An environmental assessment was completed in the homes of 1000 persons 72 years and older. Weighted prevalence rates were calculated for each of the potential…
Patterns of Caregiving Among Older Adults With and Without Dementia
Care types can help us understand sources of heterogeneity in caregiving and effectively target caregiver support services and interventions
Longitudinal Association Between Self-rated Health and Timed Gait Among Older Persons
Among older persons, SRH is associated with the development of lower extremity dysfunction but not with recovery from lower extremity dysfunction. This relationship may indicate an intermediate step in the pathway from SRH to mortality
Socioeconomic differences in the benefits of structured physical activity compared with health education on the prevention of major mobility disability in older adults
BACKGROUND: Evidence is lacking on whether health-benefiting community-based interventions differ in their effectiveness according to socioeconomic characteristics. We evaluated whether the benefit of a structured physical activity intervention on reducing mobility disability in older adults differs by education or income. METHODS: The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study was a multicentre, randomised trial that compar…
Childhood Circumstances and Health Inequality in Old Age
Social Participation Modifies the Effect of a Structured Physical Activity Program on Major Mobility Disability Among Older Adults
Our findings suggest that baseline social participation is an important factor for the success of a PA intervention aimed at delaying mobility disability
A Critical Appraisal of the Quality of Quality-of-Life Measurements
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how well quality of life is being measured in the medical literature and to offer a new approach to the measurement. DATA SOURCES: Original English-language articles having the term "quality of life" in their titles were identified from a recent Quality-of-Life Bibliography and from two MEDLINE searches. Articles were eligible for review only if they described or used one or more "quality-of-life" instruments. STUDY SELECTI…
A population-based study of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to estimate the population-based prevalence of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons and to determine whether the prevalence of these hazards differs by housing type or by level of disability in terms of activities of daily living (ADLs). METHODS: An environmental assessment was completed in the homes of 1000 persons 72 years and older. Weighted prevalence rates were calculated for each of the potential…
Environmental Hazards and the Risk of Nonsyncopal Falls in the Homes of Community-Living Older Persons
BACKGROUND: Identifying and eliminating environmental hazards in the home has high face validity but little empirical support for fall prevention. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether environmental hazards increase the risk of nonsyncopal falls in the homes of community-living older persons. RESEARCH DESIGN: This was a prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 1,088 men and women from a probability samp…
Hearing Decline Predicted by Elders' Stereotypes
Although age-related hearing loss is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting older individuals, little research has been conducted on the social-psychological factors that might contribute to it. The present study examines whether older individuals' age stereotypes predict screened hearing over time. The sample consisted of 546 community-dwelling persons, aged 70 to 96 years old. Participants with more negative and more external (i.e., rel…
A standard procedure for creating a frailty index
Longitudinal Association Between Self-rated Health and Timed Gait Among Older Persons
Among older persons, SRH is associated with the development of lower extremity dysfunction but not with recovery from lower extremity dysfunction. This relationship may indicate an intermediate step in the pathway from SRH to mortality
Modeling transition rates using panel current-status data
Studies of disability dynamics and active life expectancy often rely on transition rates or probabilities that are estimated using panel survey data in which respondents report on current health or functional status. If respondents are contacted at intervals of one or two years, then relatively short periods of disability or recovery between surveys may be missed. Much published research that uses such data assumes that there are no unrecorded tr…
Trajectories of Disability in the Last Year of Life
BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of functional status to older persons and their families, little is known about the course of disability at the end of life. METHODS: We evaluated data on 383 decedents from a longitudinal study involving 754 community-dwelling older persons. None of the subjects had disability in essential activities of daily living at the beginning of the study, and the level of disability was ascertained during monthly interv…
Mixed Methods for the Interpretation of Longitudinal Gerontologic Data
This article's main objective is to demonstrate that data analysis, including quantitative data analysis, is a process of interpretation involving basic hermeneutic principles that philosophers have identified in the interpretive process as applied to other, mainly literary, creations. Such principles include a version of the hermeneutic circle, an insistence on interpretive presuppositions, and a resistance to reducing the discovery of truth to …
A Method for Partitioning the Attributable Fraction of Multiple Time-Dependent Coexisting Risk Factors for an Adverse Health Outcome
Objectives. We decomposed the total effect of coexisting diseases on a timed occurrence of an adverse outcome into additive effects from individual diseases. Methods. In a cohort of older adults enrolled in the Precipitating Events Project in New Haven County, Connecticut, we assessed a longitudinal extension of the average attributable fraction method (LE-AAF) to estimate the additive and order-free contributions of multiple diseases to the time…
Effect of Structured Physical Activity on Prevention of Major Mobility Disability in Older Adults
IMPORTANCE: In older adults reduced mobility is common and is an independent risk factor for morbidity, hospitalization, disability, and mortality. Limited evidence suggests that physical activity may help prevent mobility disability; however, there are no definitive clinical trials examining whether physical activity prevents or delays mobility disability. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that a long-term structured physical activity program is…
Resiliency Over Time of Elders’ Age Stereotypes After Encountering Stressful Events
The robustness of negative age stereotypes was expressed in their capacity to resist change as well as generate it
Association between resting heart rate across the life course and all-cause mortality
BACKGROUND: Resting heart rate (RHR) is an independent risk factor for mortality. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether elevations in childhood and mid-adulthood RHR, including changes over time, are associated with mortality later in life. We sought to evaluate the association between RHR across the life course, along with its changes and all-cause mortality. METHODS: We studied 4638 men and women from the Medical Research Council (MRC) National S…
Risk Stratification in Older Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Physicians reported limitations of available risk models when applied to older adults with AMI. New models are needed to guide AMI treatment in this population
Socioeconomic differences in the benefits of structured physical activity compared with health education on the prevention of major mobility disability in older adults
BACKGROUND: Evidence is lacking on whether health-benefiting community-based interventions differ in their effectiveness according to socioeconomic characteristics. We evaluated whether the benefit of a structured physical activity intervention on reducing mobility disability in older adults differs by education or income. METHODS: The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study was a multicentre, randomised trial that compar…
Restricting Back Pain and Subsequent Disability in Activities of Daily Living Among Community-Living Older Adults
Restricting back pain was independently associated with subsequent disability in eADL and iADL. Interventions focused on decreasing restricting back pain in older adults may have the potential to reduce the subsequent burden of disability
Social Participation Modifies the Effect of a Structured Physical Activity Program on Major Mobility Disability Among Older Adults
Our findings suggest that baseline social participation is an important factor for the success of a PA intervention aimed at delaying mobility disability
Short-Term Disability Fluctuations in Late Life
Short-term disability fluctuations in late life were substantial, were linked to mortality-related processes, and represent a concomitant feature of disability increases in late life
Spousal Influences on Monthly Disability in Late-Life Marriage in the Precipitating Events Project
Incorporating a spouse's current disability level in modeling older adults' subsequent disability provides additional predictive information. Wives with greater disability may be at a particularly high risk of accelerated decline when their husbands have greater disability
Patterns of Caregiving Among Older Adults With and Without Dementia
Care types can help us understand sources of heterogeneity in caregiving and effectively target caregiver support services and interventions
Residential exposure to petroleum refining and stroke in the southern United States
PPR is associated with self-reported stroke prevalence, suggesting possible links between pollutants emitted from refineries and stroke. The increased prevalence due to PPR may differ by sociodemographic factors
Childhood Circumstances and Health Inequality in Old Age
Identifying barriers and facilitators for using a smartwatch to monitor health among older adults
Smartwatches are a type of wearable device that enable continuous monitoring of an individual's activities and critical health metrics. As the number of older adults age 65+ continues to grow in the U.S., so does their usage of smartwatches, making it necessary to understand the real-world uptake and use of these devices to monitor health. In this study, older adults with a relatively high level of education and digital skills were provided with …
Novel indices of state- and county-level social disadvantage in older Americans and disparities in mortality
Medicine (22 obras) · Gerontology (13 obras) · Psychology (12 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (9 obras) · Demography (8 obras) · Gerontology (8 obras) · Demography (7 obras) · Frailty in Older Adults (7 obras) · Chronic Disease Management Strategies (6 obras) · Environmental health (6 obras)