Kevin Knight
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 4288914 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Kevin Knight |
| PRENOMES | Kevin |
| SOBRENOME | Knight |
| ASSINATURA | KNIGHT K |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Texas Christian University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9117-1718 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 23 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 3 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 23 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1996 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
From Referrals to Relationships
Despite growing investment in age-friendly models and social prescribing, many older adults remain disconnected from services, even when those services align with identified needs. Findings from the Age-Friendly Integrative Mobile Services (AIMS) pilot indicate that this engagement gap (motivational barriers, relational mistrust, and value misalignment) is as limiting as access or infrastructure. Motivational engagement - defined as aligning care…
Does Criminal History Predict Pre-Incarceration Substance Use and Substance Use Treatment Need Among People in Prison?
This paper investigated the degree to which legally-involved individuals’ criminal history was related to their responses on a validated screener for substance use. Using data from 56,000 people released from the Illinois Department of Corrections, this study examined whether prior arrests, arrests for violent crimes, and arrests for drug-law crimes were associated with substance use prior to prison, the identification of which drug caused the in…
A qualitative examination of barriers and facilitators to HIV prevention and treatment for people involved with the criminal justice system
BACKGROUND: In an effort to address health risks for HIV among justice-involved individuals, linkage to community services for HIV and substance use disorder prevention and treatment is critical. Stakeholder feedback informing the development of interventions aimed at linking individuals to care is paramount to ensuring the success of the intervention. The current study examines focus group data collected as part of a 5-year NIDA-funded project a…
Year Evaluation of an In-Person Therapeutic Community Program in the Southwest United States between 1994 and 2019
This study investigated the effect of therapeutic community programming and aftercare treatment completion on rearrest rates in the Southwest United States across 25 years. The asymptote of rearrest trajectories did not occur until 10 years post-release, although this varied by risk classification. Treatment receipt was not related to 25-year rearrest trajectories. However, people classified as higher risk were more likely to be rearrested than t…
Decision-Making Styles as a Moderator on the Efficacy of the StaySafe Tablet Intervention
Background: People with substance use disorders often differ in their decision-making styles. The present study addressed the impact of two decision-making styles (rational and dependent) on outcomes from a StaySafe tablet computer app intervention designed to improve decision-making around health risk behaviors and previously found to be effective for justice-involved people receiving treatment for a substance use disorder and under community su…
Development and Testing of the Texas Christian University Criminal Thinking Scales 3.0
Criminal thinking patterns—attitudes, beliefs, or values supportive of criminal behavior—represent modifiable clinical targets that can be influenced during treatment as a way of decreasing clients’ risk for recidivism. This study developed a revised measure of criminal thinking based on the Texas Christian University Criminal Thinking Scales (TCU CTS). Using a sample of 797 people, results showed the revised instrument (TCU CTS 3.0) measured cri…
Scales for participant Alliance with Recovery Coach (SPARC)
Recovery coaches are individuals with lived experience with recovery from substance use disorder who typically engender a greater sense of trust than found with other types of healthcare providers. However, there currently are no validated tools that measure the connection between recovery coaches and their participants. The purpose of this study was to describe the initial development of the Scales for Participant Alliance with Recovery Coach (S…
Avoidance self-efficacy
The Role of Personality Functioning on Early Drop out in Outpatient Substance Misuse Treatment
Background Treatment initiation is a major factor contributing to positive outcomes, but the supporting literature remains limited. It is difficult to draw conclusions regarding predictors of dropout, and there is a need to target clients’ major early attrition vulnerabilities. Despite empirically validated models for assessing personality, little is known about its role in the treatment process. Studies that have been conducted in this area have…
Preventing opioid use among justice-involved youth as they transition to adulthood
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04678960 ; registered November 11, 2020; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04678960
Linking criminal justice-involved individuals to HIV, Hepatitis C, and opioid use disorder prevention and treatment services upon release to the community
Antiretroviral Adherence Following Prison Release in a Randomized Trial of the imPact Intervention to Maintain Suppression of HIV Viremia
Drug Use Mediates the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Adherence to ART Among Recently Incarcerated People Living with HIV
Co-calibration of two self-reported measures of adherence to antiretroviral therapy
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important determinant of clinical success assessed in many HIV studies. Harmonizing adherence data from studies that use different measures is difficult without a co-calibration equation to convert between validated instruments. Our purpose was to co-calibrate two commonly used adherence measures: the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) questionnaire and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). We used robust l…
Lessons Learned From the Implementation of Seek, Test, Treat, Retain Interventions Using Mobile Phones and Text Messaging to Improve Engagement in HIV Care for Vulnerable Populations in the United Sta…
Individuals motivated to participate in adherence, care and treatment (imPact)
NCT01629316 , first registered 6-4-2012; last updated 6-9-2015
A cluster randomized trial of an organizational linkage intervention for offenders with substance use disorders
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorders are highly prevalent in community correctional populations, yet these settings frequently are ill-equipped to identify and refer offenders to community-based treatment services. In particular, community corrections staff are often opposed to the use of medication in addiction treatment because of inadequate knowledge, resources, and organizational structures to facilitate client linkages to evidence-based servi…
Re-structuring, Re-labeling, and Re-aligning for Syntax-Based Machine Translation
This article shows that the structure of bilingual material from standard parsing and alignment tools is not optimal for training syntax-based statistical machine translation (SMT) systems. We present three modifications to the MT training data to improve the accuracy of a state-of-the-art syntax MT system: re-structuring changes the syntactic structure of training parse trees to enable reuse of substructures; re-labeling alters bracket labels to…
Binarization of Synchronous Context-Free Grammars
Systems based on synchronous grammars and tree transducers promise to improve the quality of statistical machine translation output, but are often very computationally intensive. The complexity is exponential in the size of individual grammar rules due to arbitrary re-orderings between the two languages. We develop a theory of binarization for synchronous context-free grammars and present a linear-time algorithm for binarizing synchronous rules w…
Training Tree Transducers
Many probabilistic models for natural language are now written in terms of hierarchical tree structure. Tree-based modeling still lacks many of the standard tools taken for granted in (finite-state) string-based modeling. The theory of tree transducer automata provides a possible framework to draw on, as it has been worked out in an extensive literature. We motivate the use of tree transducers for natural language and address the training problem…
Measuring Self-Efficacy among Drug-Involved Probationers
Self-efficacy has been shown to be related to outcomes from interventions for alcohol and tobacco abuse but relatively little attention has been focused on it in evaluations of treatment for illicit drug abuse. Almost no research has examined offenders involved with drugs. The current study, therefore, adapted the Alcohol Abstinence Self-efficacy Scale of DiClemente, Carbonari, Montgomery, and Hughes and administered it to 250 probationers mandat…
Residential Treatment for Women with Dependent Children
The Salvation Army First Choice Program, located in Fort Worth, Texas, provides comprehensive-as well as gender-specific-treatment for addicted women while providing child care and therapeutic services for children. Specific program attributes (including therapeutic interventions, community linkages, and staffing patterns) are described, and the five-year evaluation initiative, designed to examine relationships between client characteristics, pro…
Posttreatment Outcomes for Substance-Abusing Probationers Mandated to Residential Treatment
This article presents an initial evaluation of a community-based substance abuse treatment program for probationers described in a previous issue of the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs [27(1): 39-47]. Posttreatment outcomes for 492 probationers remanded to a six-month residential facility were assessed. Based on official state records, 9% of the probationers were rearrested in the six months following discharge from treatment. Those who graduated f…
Binarization of Synchronous Context-Free Grammars
Systems based on synchronous grammars and tree transducers promise to improve the quality of statistical machine translation output, but are often very computationally intensive. The complexity is exponential in the size of individual grammar rules due to arbitrary re-orderings between the two languages. We develop a theory of binarization for synchronous context-free grammars and present a linear-time algorithm for binarizing synchronous rules w…
Training Tree Transducers
Many probabilistic models for natural language are now written in terms of hierarchical tree structure. Tree-based modeling still lacks many of the standard tools taken for granted in (finite-state) string-based modeling. The theory of tree transducer automata provides a possible framework to draw on, as it has been worked out in an extensive literature. We motivate the use of tree transducers for natural language and address the training problem…
Posttreatment Outcomes for Substance-Abusing Probationers Mandated to Residential Treatment
This article presents an initial evaluation of a community-based substance abuse treatment program for probationers described in a previous issue of the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs [27(1): 39-47]. Posttreatment outcomes for 492 probationers remanded to a six-month residential facility were assessed. Based on official state records, 9% of the probationers were rearrested in the six months following discharge from treatment. Those who graduated f…
Residential Treatment for Women with Dependent Children
The Salvation Army First Choice Program, located in Fort Worth, Texas, provides comprehensive-as well as gender-specific-treatment for addicted women while providing child care and therapeutic services for children. Specific program attributes (including therapeutic interventions, community linkages, and staffing patterns) are described, and the five-year evaluation initiative, designed to examine relationships between client characteristics, pro…
Measuring Self-Efficacy among Drug-Involved Probationers
Self-efficacy has been shown to be related to outcomes from interventions for alcohol and tobacco abuse but relatively little attention has been focused on it in evaluations of treatment for illicit drug abuse. Almost no research has examined offenders involved with drugs. The current study, therefore, adapted the Alcohol Abstinence Self-efficacy Scale of DiClemente, Carbonari, Montgomery, and Hughes and administered it to 250 probationers mandat…
Training Tree Transducers
Many probabilistic models for natural language are now written in terms of hierarchical tree structure. Tree-based modeling still lacks many of the standard tools taken for granted in (finite-state) string-based modeling. The theory of tree transducer automata provides a possible framework to draw on, as it has been worked out in an extensive literature. We motivate the use of tree transducers for natural language and address the training problem…
Binarization of Synchronous Context-Free Grammars
Systems based on synchronous grammars and tree transducers promise to improve the quality of statistical machine translation output, but are often very computationally intensive. The complexity is exponential in the size of individual grammar rules due to arbitrary re-orderings between the two languages. We develop a theory of binarization for synchronous context-free grammars and present a linear-time algorithm for binarizing synchronous rules w…
Re-structuring, Re-labeling, and Re-aligning for Syntax-Based Machine Translation
This article shows that the structure of bilingual material from standard parsing and alignment tools is not optimal for training syntax-based statistical machine translation (SMT) systems. We present three modifications to the MT training data to improve the accuracy of a state-of-the-art syntax MT system: re-structuring changes the syntactic structure of training parse trees to enable reuse of substructures; re-labeling alters bracket labels to…
A cluster randomized trial of an organizational linkage intervention for offenders with substance use disorders
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorders are highly prevalent in community correctional populations, yet these settings frequently are ill-equipped to identify and refer offenders to community-based treatment services. In particular, community corrections staff are often opposed to the use of medication in addiction treatment because of inadequate knowledge, resources, and organizational structures to facilitate client linkages to evidence-based servi…
Individuals motivated to participate in adherence, care and treatment (imPact)
NCT01629316 , first registered 6-4-2012; last updated 6-9-2015
Co-calibration of two self-reported measures of adherence to antiretroviral therapy
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important determinant of clinical success assessed in many HIV studies. Harmonizing adherence data from studies that use different measures is difficult without a co-calibration equation to convert between validated instruments. Our purpose was to co-calibrate two commonly used adherence measures: the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) questionnaire and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). We used robust l…
Lessons Learned From the Implementation of Seek, Test, Treat, Retain Interventions Using Mobile Phones and Text Messaging to Improve Engagement in HIV Care for Vulnerable Populations in the United Sta…
Drug Use Mediates the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Adherence to ART Among Recently Incarcerated People Living with HIV
Antiretroviral Adherence Following Prison Release in a Randomized Trial of the imPact Intervention to Maintain Suppression of HIV Viremia
The Role of Personality Functioning on Early Drop out in Outpatient Substance Misuse Treatment
Background Treatment initiation is a major factor contributing to positive outcomes, but the supporting literature remains limited. It is difficult to draw conclusions regarding predictors of dropout, and there is a need to target clients’ major early attrition vulnerabilities. Despite empirically validated models for assessing personality, little is known about its role in the treatment process. Studies that have been conducted in this area have…
Preventing opioid use among justice-involved youth as they transition to adulthood
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04678960 ; registered November 11, 2020; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04678960
Linking criminal justice-involved individuals to HIV, Hepatitis C, and opioid use disorder prevention and treatment services upon release to the community
Decision-Making Styles as a Moderator on the Efficacy of the StaySafe Tablet Intervention
Background: People with substance use disorders often differ in their decision-making styles. The present study addressed the impact of two decision-making styles (rational and dependent) on outcomes from a StaySafe tablet computer app intervention designed to improve decision-making around health risk behaviors and previously found to be effective for justice-involved people receiving treatment for a substance use disorder and under community su…
Development and Testing of the Texas Christian University Criminal Thinking Scales 3.0
Criminal thinking patterns—attitudes, beliefs, or values supportive of criminal behavior—represent modifiable clinical targets that can be influenced during treatment as a way of decreasing clients’ risk for recidivism. This study developed a revised measure of criminal thinking based on the Texas Christian University Criminal Thinking Scales (TCU CTS). Using a sample of 797 people, results showed the revised instrument (TCU CTS 3.0) measured cri…
Scales for participant Alliance with Recovery Coach (SPARC)
Recovery coaches are individuals with lived experience with recovery from substance use disorder who typically engender a greater sense of trust than found with other types of healthcare providers. However, there currently are no validated tools that measure the connection between recovery coaches and their participants. The purpose of this study was to describe the initial development of the Scales for Participant Alliance with Recovery Coach (S…
Avoidance self-efficacy
Year Evaluation of an In-Person Therapeutic Community Program in the Southwest United States between 1994 and 2019
This study investigated the effect of therapeutic community programming and aftercare treatment completion on rearrest rates in the Southwest United States across 25 years. The asymptote of rearrest trajectories did not occur until 10 years post-release, although this varied by risk classification. Treatment receipt was not related to 25-year rearrest trajectories. However, people classified as higher risk were more likely to be rearrested than t…
A qualitative examination of barriers and facilitators to HIV prevention and treatment for people involved with the criminal justice system
BACKGROUND: In an effort to address health risks for HIV among justice-involved individuals, linkage to community services for HIV and substance use disorder prevention and treatment is critical. Stakeholder feedback informing the development of interventions aimed at linking individuals to care is paramount to ensuring the success of the intervention. The current study examines focus group data collected as part of a 5-year NIDA-funded project a…
From Referrals to Relationships
Despite growing investment in age-friendly models and social prescribing, many older adults remain disconnected from services, even when those services align with identified needs. Findings from the Age-Friendly Integrative Mobile Services (AIMS) pilot indicate that this engagement gap (motivational barriers, relational mistrust, and value misalignment) is as limiting as access or infrastructure. Motivational engagement - defined as aligning care…
Does Criminal History Predict Pre-Incarceration Substance Use and Substance Use Treatment Need Among People in Prison?
This paper investigated the degree to which legally-involved individuals’ criminal history was related to their responses on a validated screener for substance use. Using data from 56,000 people released from the Illinois Department of Corrections, this study examined whether prior arrests, arrests for violent crimes, and arrests for drug-law crimes were associated with substance use prior to prison, the identification of which drug caused the in…
Psychology (17 obras) · Medicine (15 obras) · Psychiatry (10 obras) · Clinical Psychology (8 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (7 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (7 obras) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (7 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras) · Public health (6 obras) · Substance abuse (6 obras)