D K Evans
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 44278 |
|---|---|
| NOME | D K Evans |
| PRENOMES | D K |
| SOBRENOME | Evans |
| ASSINATURA | EVANS D K |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Center for Global Development |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5413-9284 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 28 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 109 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 28 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1991 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Changing perceptions of educational returns in low- and middle-income countries
How to improve education outcomes most efficiently? A review of the evidence using a unified metric
Many low- and middle-income countries lag far behind high-income countries in educational access and student learning. Policymakers must make tough choices about which investments to make to improve education with limited resources. Although hundreds of education interventions have been rigorously evaluated, making comparisons between the results is challenging. This paper provides the most recent and comprehensive review of the literature on eff…
Examining the Gaps in Existing Policies and Services for Survivors of Human Trafficking in Uganda
When the data you have aren’t the data you need
Property Tax Compliance in Tanzania
This paper reports the results of a text message campaign aimed at promoting tax compliance among landowners in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Landowners were randomly assigned to four groups designed to test different aspects of tax morale. They received a simple text message reminder to pay their tax (a test of salience), a message highlighting the connection between taxes and public services (reciprocity), a message communicating that people who did…
Human resource challenges in health systems
Sub-Saharan Africa has fewer medical workers per capita than any region of the world, and that shortage has been highlighted consistently as a critical constraint to improving health outcomes in the region. This paper draws on newly available, systematic, comparable data from 10 countries in the region to explore the dimensions of this shortage. We find wide variation in human resources performance metrics, both within and across countries. Many …
How to recruit teachers for hard-to-staff schools
The educational impacts of cash transfers in Tanzania
Cash transfers boost educational outcomes for poor children on average, but which aspects of educational performance are most responsive and which poor children benefit the most? This study examines the educational impacts of cash transfers, drawing on a randomized, community implemented conditional cash transfer program targeted to poor households in Tanzania. On average, being assigned to receive transfers significantly improves children’s like…
How to measure student absenteeism in low- and middle-income countries
Student attendance at school is a necessary condition for learning and for other schooling benefits, yet absenteeism is a significant issue for students in many countries. Policies, programs, and research seeking to reduce absenteeism need to measure it accurately. This article describes seven different methods to measure student absenteeism, all used in at least one of 27 recently published studies in low- and middle-income countries. It also sy…
Adolescent Girls’ Safety In and Out of School
This study characterises rates of physical and sexual violence against adolescent girls and compares rates of violence against girls who are enrolled versus unenrolled in school, to contribute to an understanding of the relative risks associated with school attendance. We look at rates of violence across countries that together represent 80 per cent of sub-Saharan Africa’s girls aged 15–19. The analysis shows high rates of violence overall: 28.8 …
Live tutoring calls did not improve learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone
Education systems regularly face unexpected school closures, whether due to disease outbreaks, natural disasters, or other adverse shocks. In low-income countries where internet access is scarce, distance learning - the most common educational solution - is often passive, via TV or radio, with little opportunity for teacher-student interaction. In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of live tutoring calls from teachers, designed to supplemen…
Tools to measure the impact of early childhood development interventions on maternal mental health in low- and middle-income countries
Low- and middle-income countries around the world are expanding investments in early childhood development (ECD) programs, but few evaluations of ECD programs measure impacts on maternal mental health as well as on other, closely associated psychosocial domains. One reason may be a lack of familiarity with appropriate survey instruments for measuring different aspects of maternal psychosocial well-being among ECD-focused researchers. We identifie…
Economic and social development along the urban–rural continuum
The economic and social development of nations relies on their population having physical access to services and employment opportunities. For the vast majority of the 3.4 billion people living in rural areas, this largely depends on their access to urban centers of different sizes. Similarly, urban centers depend on their rural hinterlands. Building on the literature on functional areas/territories and the rural–urban continuum as well as insigh…
Teacher pay in Africa
Pay levels for public sector workers-and especially teachers-are a constant source of controversy. In many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, protests and strikes suggest that pay is low, while comparisons to average national income per capita suggest that it is high. This study presents data on teacher earnings from 15 African countries. The results suggest that in several (seven) countries, teachers' monthly earnings are lower than other formal s…
Gender gaps in education
Many countries remain far from achieving gender equality in the classroom. Using data from 126 countries, we characterize the evolution of gender gaps in low- and middle-income countries between 1960 and 2010. We document five facts. First, women are more educated today than 50 years ago in every country in the world. Second, they remain less educated than men in the vast majority of countries. Third, in many countries with low levels of educatio…
Practical lessons for phone-based assessments of learning
School closures affecting more than 1.5 billion children are designed to prevent the spread of current public health risks from the COVID-19 pandemic, but they simultaneously introduce new short-term and long-term health risks through lost education. Measuring these effects in real time is critical to inform effective public health responses, and remote phone-based approaches are one of the only viable options with extreme social distancing in pl…
Analysis of clinical knowledge, absenteeism and availability of resources for maternal and child health
OBJECTIVE: Assess the quality of healthcare across African countries based on health providers' clinical knowledge, their clinic attendance and drug availability, with a focus on seven conditions accounting for a large share of child and maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: malaria, tuberculosis, diarrhoea, pneumonia, diabetes, neonatal asphyxia and postpartum haemorrhage. METHODS: With nationally representative, cross-sectional data from te…
Cash transfers increase trust in local government
How does a locally-managed conditional cash transfer program impact trust in government? On the one hand, delivering monetary benefits and increasing interactions with government officials (elected and appointed) may increase trust. On the other hand, it can be difficult for citizens to know to whom to attribute a program and reward with greater trust. Further, imposing paternalistic conditions and possibly prompting citizens to experience feelin…
Cash Transfers and Temptation Goods
Cash transfers have been demonstrated to improve education and health outcomes and alleviate poverty in various contexts. However, policy makers and others often express concern that poor households will use transfers to buy alcohol, tobacco, or other “temptation goods.” The income effect of transfers will increase expenditures if alcohol and tobacco are normal goods, but this may be offset by other effects, including the substitution effect and …
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Development
Orphans and schooling in Africa
AIDS deaths could have a major impact on economic development by affecting the human capital accumulation of the next generation. We estimate the impact of parent death on primary school participation using an unusual five-year panel data set of over 20,000 Kenyan children. There is a substantial decrease in school participation following a parent death and a smaller drop before the death (presumably due to pre-death morbidity). Estimated impacts…
The Spirit of the Kuna Yala
The Spirit of the Kuna Yala. 1991. Produced by Andrew Young and Susan Todd. 60 minutes, color. Purchase (video sales only) $445.00; rental $75.00, from Filmakers Library, 120 East 40th Street, New York, NY 10016 (212–808–4980
Seeds of Change
Seeds of Change: A Quincentennial Commemoration. Herman J. Viola and Carolyn Margolis(editors). Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991. 278 pp. $39.95 (cloth), $24.95 (paper). ISBN 1‐56098‐035‐4, ISBN 1‐56098‐036‐2
The Spirit of the Kuna Yala
Seeds of Change
Orphans and schooling in Africa
AIDS deaths could have a major impact on economic development by affecting the human capital accumulation of the next generation. We estimate the impact of parent death on primary school participation using an unusual five-year panel data set of over 20,000 Kenyan children. There is a substantial decrease in school participation following a parent death and a smaller drop before the death (presumably due to pre-death morbidity). Estimated impacts…
Cash transfers increase trust in local government
How does a locally-managed conditional cash transfer program impact trust in government? On the one hand, delivering monetary benefits and increasing interactions with government officials (elected and appointed) may increase trust. On the other hand, it can be difficult for citizens to know to whom to attribute a program and reward with greater trust. Further, imposing paternalistic conditions and possibly prompting citizens to experience feelin…
Economic and social development along the urban–rural continuum
The economic and social development of nations relies on their population having physical access to services and employment opportunities. For the vast majority of the 3.4 billion people living in rural areas, this largely depends on their access to urban centers of different sizes. Similarly, urban centers depend on their rural hinterlands. Building on the literature on functional areas/territories and the rural–urban continuum as well as insigh…
Cash Transfers and Temptation Goods
Cash transfers have been demonstrated to improve education and health outcomes and alleviate poverty in various contexts. However, policy makers and others often express concern that poor households will use transfers to buy alcohol, tobacco, or other “temptation goods.” The income effect of transfers will increase expenditures if alcohol and tobacco are normal goods, but this may be offset by other effects, including the substitution effect and …
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Development
Teacher pay in Africa
Pay levels for public sector workers-and especially teachers-are a constant source of controversy. In many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, protests and strikes suggest that pay is low, while comparisons to average national income per capita suggest that it is high. This study presents data on teacher earnings from 15 African countries. The results suggest that in several (seven) countries, teachers' monthly earnings are lower than other formal s…
Live tutoring calls did not improve learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone
Education systems regularly face unexpected school closures, whether due to disease outbreaks, natural disasters, or other adverse shocks. In low-income countries where internet access is scarce, distance learning - the most common educational solution - is often passive, via TV or radio, with little opportunity for teacher-student interaction. In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of live tutoring calls from teachers, designed to supplemen…
Sojourners of the Caribbean
Sojourners of the Caribbean: Ethnogenesis and Ethnohistory of the Garifuna. NANCIE L. GONZALEZ. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988. 272 pp., maps, tables, references, index. $29.95 (cloth). ISBN 0‐252‐01453‐7
Sojourners of the Caribbean
Society and Health in Guyana
The Spirit of the Kuna Yala
The Spirit of the Kuna Yala. 1991. Produced by Andrew Young and Susan Todd. 60 minutes, color. Purchase (video sales only) $445.00; rental $75.00, from Filmakers Library, 120 East 40th Street, New York, NY 10016 (212–808–4980
Seeds of Change
Seeds of Change: A Quincentennial Commemoration. Herman J. Viola and Carolyn Margolis(editors). Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991. 278 pp. $39.95 (cloth), $24.95 (paper). ISBN 1‐56098‐035‐4, ISBN 1‐56098‐036‐2
The Spirit of the Kuna Yala
Seeds of Change
Orphans and schooling in Africa
AIDS deaths could have a major impact on economic development by affecting the human capital accumulation of the next generation. We estimate the impact of parent death on primary school participation using an unusual five-year panel data set of over 20,000 Kenyan children. There is a substantial decrease in school participation following a parent death and a smaller drop before the death (presumably due to pre-death morbidity). Estimated impacts…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Development
Cash Transfers and Temptation Goods
Cash transfers have been demonstrated to improve education and health outcomes and alleviate poverty in various contexts. However, policy makers and others often express concern that poor households will use transfers to buy alcohol, tobacco, or other “temptation goods.” The income effect of transfers will increase expenditures if alcohol and tobacco are normal goods, but this may be offset by other effects, including the substitution effect and …
Cash transfers increase trust in local government
How does a locally-managed conditional cash transfer program impact trust in government? On the one hand, delivering monetary benefits and increasing interactions with government officials (elected and appointed) may increase trust. On the other hand, it can be difficult for citizens to know to whom to attribute a program and reward with greater trust. Further, imposing paternalistic conditions and possibly prompting citizens to experience feelin…
Practical lessons for phone-based assessments of learning
School closures affecting more than 1.5 billion children are designed to prevent the spread of current public health risks from the COVID-19 pandemic, but they simultaneously introduce new short-term and long-term health risks through lost education. Measuring these effects in real time is critical to inform effective public health responses, and remote phone-based approaches are one of the only viable options with extreme social distancing in pl…
Analysis of clinical knowledge, absenteeism and availability of resources for maternal and child health
OBJECTIVE: Assess the quality of healthcare across African countries based on health providers' clinical knowledge, their clinic attendance and drug availability, with a focus on seven conditions accounting for a large share of child and maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: malaria, tuberculosis, diarrhoea, pneumonia, diabetes, neonatal asphyxia and postpartum haemorrhage. METHODS: With nationally representative, cross-sectional data from te…
Gender gaps in education
Many countries remain far from achieving gender equality in the classroom. Using data from 126 countries, we characterize the evolution of gender gaps in low- and middle-income countries between 1960 and 2010. We document five facts. First, women are more educated today than 50 years ago in every country in the world. Second, they remain less educated than men in the vast majority of countries. Third, in many countries with low levels of educatio…
Tools to measure the impact of early childhood development interventions on maternal mental health in low- and middle-income countries
Low- and middle-income countries around the world are expanding investments in early childhood development (ECD) programs, but few evaluations of ECD programs measure impacts on maternal mental health as well as on other, closely associated psychosocial domains. One reason may be a lack of familiarity with appropriate survey instruments for measuring different aspects of maternal psychosocial well-being among ECD-focused researchers. We identifie…
Economic and social development along the urban–rural continuum
The economic and social development of nations relies on their population having physical access to services and employment opportunities. For the vast majority of the 3.4 billion people living in rural areas, this largely depends on their access to urban centers of different sizes. Similarly, urban centers depend on their rural hinterlands. Building on the literature on functional areas/territories and the rural–urban continuum as well as insigh…
Teacher pay in Africa
Pay levels for public sector workers-and especially teachers-are a constant source of controversy. In many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, protests and strikes suggest that pay is low, while comparisons to average national income per capita suggest that it is high. This study presents data on teacher earnings from 15 African countries. The results suggest that in several (seven) countries, teachers' monthly earnings are lower than other formal s…
How to recruit teachers for hard-to-staff schools
The educational impacts of cash transfers in Tanzania
Cash transfers boost educational outcomes for poor children on average, but which aspects of educational performance are most responsive and which poor children benefit the most? This study examines the educational impacts of cash transfers, drawing on a randomized, community implemented conditional cash transfer program targeted to poor households in Tanzania. On average, being assigned to receive transfers significantly improves children’s like…
How to measure student absenteeism in low- and middle-income countries
Student attendance at school is a necessary condition for learning and for other schooling benefits, yet absenteeism is a significant issue for students in many countries. Policies, programs, and research seeking to reduce absenteeism need to measure it accurately. This article describes seven different methods to measure student absenteeism, all used in at least one of 27 recently published studies in low- and middle-income countries. It also sy…
Adolescent Girls’ Safety In and Out of School
This study characterises rates of physical and sexual violence against adolescent girls and compares rates of violence against girls who are enrolled versus unenrolled in school, to contribute to an understanding of the relative risks associated with school attendance. We look at rates of violence across countries that together represent 80 per cent of sub-Saharan Africa’s girls aged 15–19. The analysis shows high rates of violence overall: 28.8 …
Live tutoring calls did not improve learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone
Education systems regularly face unexpected school closures, whether due to disease outbreaks, natural disasters, or other adverse shocks. In low-income countries where internet access is scarce, distance learning - the most common educational solution - is often passive, via TV or radio, with little opportunity for teacher-student interaction. In this paper we evaluate the effectiveness of live tutoring calls from teachers, designed to supplemen…
Human resource challenges in health systems
Sub-Saharan Africa has fewer medical workers per capita than any region of the world, and that shortage has been highlighted consistently as a critical constraint to improving health outcomes in the region. This paper draws on newly available, systematic, comparable data from 10 countries in the region to explore the dimensions of this shortage. We find wide variation in human resources performance metrics, both within and across countries. Many …
How to improve education outcomes most efficiently? A review of the evidence using a unified metric
Many low- and middle-income countries lag far behind high-income countries in educational access and student learning. Policymakers must make tough choices about which investments to make to improve education with limited resources. Although hundreds of education interventions have been rigorously evaluated, making comparisons between the results is challenging. This paper provides the most recent and comprehensive review of the literature on eff…
Examining the Gaps in Existing Policies and Services for Survivors of Human Trafficking in Uganda
Economics (14 obras) · Economic growth (11 obras) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (10 obras) · Sociology (10 obras) · Psychology (9 obras) · Medicine (8 obras) · Business (7 obras) · School Choice and Performance (7 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras) · Demographic economics (6 obras)