David J Kupfer
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 4526232 |
|---|---|
| NOME | David J Kupfer |
| PRENOMES | David J |
| SOBRENOME | Kupfer |
| ASSINATURA | KUPFER D J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Pittsburgh |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4217-8304 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 29 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 13 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 29 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1968 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2013 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
The DSM‐5
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5) marks the first significant revision of the publication since the DSM‐IV in 1994. Changes to the DSM were largely informed by advancements in neuroscience, clinical and public health need, and identified problems with the classification system and criteria put forth in the DSM‐IV. Much of the decision‐making was also driven by a desire to ensure better alignment with…
Patient-Centered Revisions to the DSM-5
The forthcoming fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 [1]) will mark the first time in nearly 2 decades that the field has overhauled the way mental illnesses are diagnosed and classified. Anticipation of the DSM-5 has been high, and recent discussions about changes likely to be adopted have focused largely on the manual's increased integration of scientific and clinical evidence in support of proposed …
Diversificação ou especialização
Diversification or specialization: an analysis of the process of structural change of the Brazilian industry. Based on findings by Imbs and Wacziarg (2003), whose empirical study has established the existence of a U-shaped pattern in the evolution of industrial specialization relative to per capita income, this paper aimed at determining the path of structural change followed by the Brazilian industry in the last decades and at comparing it with …
How and why criteria defining moderators and mediators differ between the Baron & Kenny and MacArthur approaches.
OBJECTIVE: In recognition of the increasingly important role of moderators and mediators in clinical research, clear definitions are sought of the two terms to avoid inconsistent, ambiguous, and possibly misleading results across clinical research studies. DESIGN: The criteria used to define moderators and mediators proposed by the Baron & Kenny approach, which have been long used in social/behavioral research, are directly compared to the criter…
Acute and Longer-Term Outcomes in Depressed Outpatients Requiring One or Several Treatment Steps
OBJECTIVE: This report describes the participants and compares the acute and longer-term treatment outcomes associated with each of four successive steps in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial. METHOD: A broadly representative adult outpatient sample with nonpsychotic major depressive disorder received one (N=3,671) to four (N=123) successive acute treatment steps. Those not achieving remission with or unable…
Assessment and Treatment of Depression in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened an interdisciplinary working group of experts to develop recommendations for the assessment and treatment of depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Method: Consensus of experts. Results: Our current recommendations are that the Beck Depression Inventory-I be employed for epidemiological studies of depression and CHD, that the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item v…
Acute Stress Affects Heart Rate Variability During Sleep
OBJECTIVE: Although stress can elicit profound and lasting effects on sleep, the pathways whereby stress affects sleep are not well understood. In this study, we used autoregressive spectral analysis of the electrocardiogram (EKG) interbeat interval sequence to characterize stress-related changes in heart rate variability during sleep in 59 healthy men and women. METHODS: Participants (N = 59) were randomly assigned to a control or stress conditi…
Industrial competitiveness in Brazil ten years after economic liberalization
This article examines the nature and extent of the changes in Brazilian industry after ten years of economic liberalization The article demonstrates that most structural features of Brazilian industry remain unchanged except in the management of production processes and in the ownership structure of firms, as rationalization and inward internationalization became generalized processes. Brazil may face a development paradox in the years to come. H…
A New Approach to Integrating Data From Multiple Informants in Psychiatric Assessment and Research
OBJECTIVE: When there exists no single source of information (informant) to validly measure a characteristic, it is typically recommended that data from multiple informants be used. In psychiatric assessment and research, however, multiple informants often provide discordant data, which further confuse the measurement. Strategies such as arbitrarily choosing one informant or using the data from all informants separately generate further problems.…
Psychophysiological Reactivity and Coping Styles Influence the Effects of Acute Stress Exposure on Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to investigate the roles of situational (ie, psychophysiological reactivity to acute stress) and dispositional variables (ie, neuroticism, coping styles) in shaping the effects of acute stress exposure on REM sleep. METHODS: Sixty-three healthy young adults slept in the laboratory after being randomized into CTL or EXP. Measures of psychophysiological reactivity (state anxiety, stress level, and mean a…
Healthy Older Adults’ Sleep Predicts All-Cause Mortality at 4 to 19 Years of Follow-Up
OBJECTIVE: Evidence concerning whether sleep disturbances in older adults predict mortality is mixed. However, data are limited to self-reported sleep problems and may be confounded with other comorbidities. We examined whether electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep parameters predicted survival time independently of known predictors of all-cause mortality. METHODS: A total of 185 healthy older adults, primarily in their 60s through 80s, with no his…
How Do Risk Factors Work Together? Mediators, Moderators, and Independent, Overlapping, and Proxy Risk Factors
OBJECTIVE: The authors developed a methodological basis for investigating how risk factors work together. Better methods are needed for understanding the etiology of disorders, such as psychiatric syndromes, that presumably are the result of complex causal chains. METHOD: Approaches from psychology, epidemiology, clinical trials, and basic sciences were synthesized. RESULTS: The authors define conceptually and operationally five different clinica…
Symptoms of Stress and Depression as Correlates of Sleep in Primary Insomnia
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have not evaluated the clinical correlates of the electroencephalographic spectral profile in patients with insomnia. In the preliminary study described here, we evaluated the extent to which symptoms of stress and depression are associated with subjective sleep complaints and quantitative measures of sleep in individuals with chronic insomnia. METHODS: Subjects were 14 healthy adults who met criteria for primary insom…
Consensus criteria for traumatic grief
BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that symptoms of traumatic grief constitute a distinct syndrome worthy of diagnosis. AIMS: A consensus conference aimed to develop and test a criteria set for traumatic grief. METHOD: The expert panel proposed consensus criteria for traumatic grief. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses tested the performance of the proposed criteria on 306 widowed respondents at seven months post loss. RESULTS: ROC analyses …
Sleep as a Mediator of the Stress-Immune Relationship
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of sleep in the relationship of intrusive thoughts/avoidance behaviors to natural killer cell (NKC) number and function. METHOD: Twenty-nine individuals seeking treatment for bereavement-related depression were studied in the sleep laboratory. Background and clinical variables, including the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), were administered during the week preceding …
The competitive challenge for Brazilian industry
This article defines the stages of development reached by industries that account for half of Brazil’s total output and identifies the competitive challenges they face, including those associated with the country’s industrial policy. Between 1980 and 1994, Brazilian industry experienced persistent macroeconomic instability as the country’s trade liberalization efforts proceeded. By means of a series of adjustments, however, the sector did manage …
The Pittsburgh sleep quality index
Perception of appetite and weight change during treatment for depression
As part of the Pittsburgh Appetite Test, 50 depressed outpatients reported their perceptions of appetite and weight change prior to and during chronic treatment with imipramine and psychotherapy. At the end of 4 months, as a group, patients were significantly more conscious of what they were eating, and reported a significant change in the frequency of regular meal consumption. No group changes were noted in frequency of snacking or late night ea…
Imipramine treatment and preference for sweets
Overview of early detection and treatment strategies for suicidal behavior in young people
The effect of exercise on non-restricted caloric intake in male joggers
Changes in Weight During Treatment for Depression
Changes in appetite and weight were examined in a group of 47 carefully diagnosed primary depressives who were treated in a random design with either placebo (N = 17) or amitryptyline (N = 30) over a 35-day protocol. While the amitriptyline treated group as a whole showed a greater gain in weight than did the placebo group (4.5 vs. 0.5 lb, p less than 0.05), no differential effects could be demonstrated between drug responders and nonresponders. …
Personality style and sexual functioning among psychiatric outpatients
Although the notion of "psychosexual" disorder implies a relationship between sexual dysfunction and psychological maladaptation, the nature of that relationship remains puzzling. In this study the relationship between sexual difficulties and four personality styles (the anxious personality, the impulsive personality, the obsessive personality, and the phobic personality) was examined. Data were obtained from 185 psychiatric outpatients who compl…
Relationship of certain childhood ‘traits’ to adult psychiatric disorders
An investigation of 174 adult psychiatric outpatients reporting on nine different difficulties they may have experienced as children suggests certain links between childhood difficulties and lifelong personality traits, as well as adult psychiatric symptomatology. Findings suggest that the childhood traits related to schizophrenia might be manifestations of minimal organic brain dysfunctioning
Deviant” Behavior Patterns in School Children, Application of KdsTM-14
In designing and implementing effective mental health services for children, the ability to identify deviant behavior patterns in school children and to determine the number of children who fall into these areas is crucial. By means of a preliminary survey which identified such children, we were able to perform a study of problem students who fell into three categories, unusually aggressive children, children with learning difficulties, and shy-w…
Diversificação ou especialização
Diversification or specialization: an analysis of the process of structural change of the Brazilian industry. Based on findings by Imbs and Wacziarg (2003), whose empirical study has established the existence of a U-shaped pattern in the evolution of industrial specialization relative to per capita income, this paper aimed at determining the path of structural change followed by the Brazilian industry in the last decades and at comparing it with …
Industrial competitiveness in Brazil ten years after economic liberalization
This article examines the nature and extent of the changes in Brazilian industry after ten years of economic liberalization The article demonstrates that most structural features of Brazilian industry remain unchanged except in the management of production processes and in the ownership structure of firms, as rationalization and inward internationalization became generalized processes. Brazil may face a development paradox in the years to come. H…
Imipramine treatment and preference for sweets
Overview of early detection and treatment strategies for suicidal behavior in young people
The competitive challenge for Brazilian industry
This article defines the stages of development reached by industries that account for half of Brazil’s total output and identifies the competitive challenges they face, including those associated with the country’s industrial policy. Between 1980 and 1994, Brazilian industry experienced persistent macroeconomic instability as the country’s trade liberalization efforts proceeded. By means of a series of adjustments, however, the sector did manage …
Personality style and sexual functioning among psychiatric outpatients
Although the notion of "psychosexual" disorder implies a relationship between sexual dysfunction and psychological maladaptation, the nature of that relationship remains puzzling. In this study the relationship between sexual difficulties and four personality styles (the anxious personality, the impulsive personality, the obsessive personality, and the phobic personality) was examined. Data were obtained from 185 psychiatric outpatients who compl…
A Fourteen-Symptom Behavior and Mood Rating Scale for Longitudinal Patient Evaluation by Nurses
A 14-symptom mood and behavior rating scale was developed for use twice daily by nurses and nursing assistants on an inpatient service. Inter-rater reliability studies indicate that raters can be easily substituted for one another. Scores for specific symptoms correlate well with those for similar symptoms on several commonly used scales
Development and Application of the KDSTM-1 in Inpatient and Outpatient Settings
The Kupfer-Detre Self-rating Scale (KDSTM-1) was designed as a short, comprehensive instrument which could be utilized in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Four different psychiatric services participated in administering the questionnaire to over 500 patients in its first large-scale trial. The KDS-1 distinguished 17 differences in symptoms among the 4 patient groups and discriminated 13 differences in symptoms between inpatients and outpa…
KDS-1 Scale for Symptom Discrimination
After being utilized in both inpatient and outpatient settings, the Kupfer-Detre Self-rating Scale (KDSTM-1) was used to discriminate psychiatric patients and non-patients (“normals”) by the application of cluster scores derived from the symptom scale. Of the 5, 4 clusters (depression, neurosis, psychosis, and organicity) distinguished the 2 groups significantly. Cluster cut-off scores further refined this technique for discriminating the psychia…
The Kds-1
This report replicates earlier findings with the KDS-1 scale in discriminating between normal and clinic groups. Certain statistical tests of reliability and independence among the symptom clusters support the notion that KDS-1 can be used to measure different psychopathological syndromes
Deviant” Behavior Patterns in School Children, Application of KdsTM-14
In designing and implementing effective mental health services for children, the ability to identify deviant behavior patterns in school children and to determine the number of children who fall into these areas is crucial. By means of a preliminary survey which identified such children, we were able to perform a study of problem students who fell into three categories, unusually aggressive children, children with learning difficulties, and shy-w…
Relationship of certain childhood ‘traits’ to adult psychiatric disorders
An investigation of 174 adult psychiatric outpatients reporting on nine different difficulties they may have experienced as children suggests certain links between childhood difficulties and lifelong personality traits, as well as adult psychiatric symptomatology. Findings suggest that the childhood traits related to schizophrenia might be manifestations of minimal organic brain dysfunctioning
Personality style and sexual functioning among psychiatric outpatients
Although the notion of "psychosexual" disorder implies a relationship between sexual dysfunction and psychological maladaptation, the nature of that relationship remains puzzling. In this study the relationship between sexual difficulties and four personality styles (the anxious personality, the impulsive personality, the obsessive personality, and the phobic personality) was examined. Data were obtained from 185 psychiatric outpatients who compl…
Changes in Weight During Treatment for Depression
Changes in appetite and weight were examined in a group of 47 carefully diagnosed primary depressives who were treated in a random design with either placebo (N = 17) or amitryptyline (N = 30) over a 35-day protocol. While the amitriptyline treated group as a whole showed a greater gain in weight than did the placebo group (4.5 vs. 0.5 lb, p less than 0.05), no differential effects could be demonstrated between drug responders and nonresponders. …
The effect of exercise on non-restricted caloric intake in male joggers
Imipramine treatment and preference for sweets
Overview of early detection and treatment strategies for suicidal behavior in young people
The Pittsburgh sleep quality index
Perception of appetite and weight change during treatment for depression
As part of the Pittsburgh Appetite Test, 50 depressed outpatients reported their perceptions of appetite and weight change prior to and during chronic treatment with imipramine and psychotherapy. At the end of 4 months, as a group, patients were significantly more conscious of what they were eating, and reported a significant change in the frequency of regular meal consumption. No group changes were noted in frequency of snacking or late night ea…
The competitive challenge for Brazilian industry
This article defines the stages of development reached by industries that account for half of Brazil’s total output and identifies the competitive challenges they face, including those associated with the country’s industrial policy. Between 1980 and 1994, Brazilian industry experienced persistent macroeconomic instability as the country’s trade liberalization efforts proceeded. By means of a series of adjustments, however, the sector did manage …
Sleep as a Mediator of the Stress-Immune Relationship
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of sleep in the relationship of intrusive thoughts/avoidance behaviors to natural killer cell (NKC) number and function. METHOD: Twenty-nine individuals seeking treatment for bereavement-related depression were studied in the sleep laboratory. Background and clinical variables, including the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), were administered during the week preceding …
Consensus criteria for traumatic grief
BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that symptoms of traumatic grief constitute a distinct syndrome worthy of diagnosis. AIMS: A consensus conference aimed to develop and test a criteria set for traumatic grief. METHOD: The expert panel proposed consensus criteria for traumatic grief. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses tested the performance of the proposed criteria on 306 widowed respondents at seven months post loss. RESULTS: ROC analyses …
Symptoms of Stress and Depression as Correlates of Sleep in Primary Insomnia
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have not evaluated the clinical correlates of the electroencephalographic spectral profile in patients with insomnia. In the preliminary study described here, we evaluated the extent to which symptoms of stress and depression are associated with subjective sleep complaints and quantitative measures of sleep in individuals with chronic insomnia. METHODS: Subjects were 14 healthy adults who met criteria for primary insom…
How Do Risk Factors Work Together? Mediators, Moderators, and Independent, Overlapping, and Proxy Risk Factors
OBJECTIVE: The authors developed a methodological basis for investigating how risk factors work together. Better methods are needed for understanding the etiology of disorders, such as psychiatric syndromes, that presumably are the result of complex causal chains. METHOD: Approaches from psychology, epidemiology, clinical trials, and basic sciences were synthesized. RESULTS: The authors define conceptually and operationally five different clinica…
A New Approach to Integrating Data From Multiple Informants in Psychiatric Assessment and Research
OBJECTIVE: When there exists no single source of information (informant) to validly measure a characteristic, it is typically recommended that data from multiple informants be used. In psychiatric assessment and research, however, multiple informants often provide discordant data, which further confuse the measurement. Strategies such as arbitrarily choosing one informant or using the data from all informants separately generate further problems.…
Psychophysiological Reactivity and Coping Styles Influence the Effects of Acute Stress Exposure on Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to investigate the roles of situational (ie, psychophysiological reactivity to acute stress) and dispositional variables (ie, neuroticism, coping styles) in shaping the effects of acute stress exposure on REM sleep. METHODS: Sixty-three healthy young adults slept in the laboratory after being randomized into CTL or EXP. Measures of psychophysiological reactivity (state anxiety, stress level, and mean a…
Healthy Older Adults’ Sleep Predicts All-Cause Mortality at 4 to 19 Years of Follow-Up
OBJECTIVE: Evidence concerning whether sleep disturbances in older adults predict mortality is mixed. However, data are limited to self-reported sleep problems and may be confounded with other comorbidities. We examined whether electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep parameters predicted survival time independently of known predictors of all-cause mortality. METHODS: A total of 185 healthy older adults, primarily in their 60s through 80s, with no his…
Acute Stress Affects Heart Rate Variability During Sleep
OBJECTIVE: Although stress can elicit profound and lasting effects on sleep, the pathways whereby stress affects sleep are not well understood. In this study, we used autoregressive spectral analysis of the electrocardiogram (EKG) interbeat interval sequence to characterize stress-related changes in heart rate variability during sleep in 59 healthy men and women. METHODS: Participants (N = 59) were randomly assigned to a control or stress conditi…
Industrial competitiveness in Brazil ten years after economic liberalization
This article examines the nature and extent of the changes in Brazilian industry after ten years of economic liberalization The article demonstrates that most structural features of Brazilian industry remain unchanged except in the management of production processes and in the ownership structure of firms, as rationalization and inward internationalization became generalized processes. Brazil may face a development paradox in the years to come. H…
Acute and Longer-Term Outcomes in Depressed Outpatients Requiring One or Several Treatment Steps
OBJECTIVE: This report describes the participants and compares the acute and longer-term treatment outcomes associated with each of four successive steps in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial. METHOD: A broadly representative adult outpatient sample with nonpsychotic major depressive disorder received one (N=3,671) to four (N=123) successive acute treatment steps. Those not achieving remission with or unable…
Assessment and Treatment of Depression in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
Objective: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened an interdisciplinary working group of experts to develop recommendations for the assessment and treatment of depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Method: Consensus of experts. Results: Our current recommendations are that the Beck Depression Inventory-I be employed for epidemiological studies of depression and CHD, that the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item v…
Psychology (22 obras) · Psychiatry (18 obras) · Clinical Psychology (17 obras) · Medicine (16 obras) · Clinical Psychology (8 obras) · Internal Medicine (8 obras) · Developmental psychology (6 obras) · Internal Medicine (6 obras) · Sleep and related disorders (6 obras) · Computer Science (5 obras)