J S Lansing
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 50016 |
|---|---|
| NOME | J S Lansing |
| PRENOMES | J S |
| SOBRENOME | Lansing |
| ASSINATURA | LANSING J S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Santa Fe Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2132-5309 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 45 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 523 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 45 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1975 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Art, technology and the Internet of Living Things
Intelligence augmentation was one of the original goals of computing. Artificial Intelligence (AI) inherits this project and is at the leading edge of computing today. Computing can be considered an extension of brain and body, with mathematical prowess and logic fundamental to the infrastructure of computing. Multimedia computing-sensing, analyzing, and translating data to and from visual images, animation, sound and music, touch and haptics, as…
Effective climate change adaptation means supporting community autonomy
Deep ancestry of collapsing networks of nomadic hunter–gatherers in Borneo
Theories of early cooperation in human society often draw from a small sample of ethnographic studies of surviving populations of hunter–gatherers, most of which are now sedentary. Borneo hunter–gatherers (Punan, Penan) have seldom figured in comparative research because of a decades-old controversy about whether they are the descendants of farmers who adopted a hunting and gathering way of life. In 2018 we began an ethnographic study of a group …
Averting Evolutionary Suicide from the Tragedy of the Commons
In a tragedy of the commons, individual competition over a resource can reduce the resource itself, and thus reduce the fitness of the whole group. An extreme example is evolutionary suicide, which is predicted to occur when the selfish interests of free-riders and cheaters overwhelm cooperative behaviors, and the social good on which they depend ceases to exist. Case studies cite many different and seemingly interacting factors for success. Here…
Islands of Order
Social–Ecological Systems
Anthropology's engagement with ecology, unique in the social sciences, has a long history. In 1903, Durkheim and Mauss argued that the relationship between nature (macrocosm) and culture (microcosm) is the primordial foundation for both human cognition and social organization. Cultural ecologists later added an ecological dimension to this perspective, linking sociological theory to community ecology. More recently, the concept of an “Anthropocen…
Complexity
The social sciences have had a good run with linear models, in which effects are proportionate to their causes. Nearly all of our theoretical models, in fields as diverse as microeconomics and evolutionary game theory, are equilibrium theories, which examine the properties of various fixed points and analyze the conditions under which they are selected. In contrast, “complexity” uses different mathematical tools to investigate nonlinear processes…
Irrigation Societies
Environmental Anthropology
Our brief overview of developments in environmental anthropology since 1980 and their antecedents is organized around three themes: systems ecology, political ecology, and cognitive science. In some areas, the context is familiar. As Latour recently observed, the intellectual themes captured by the emergent concept of the Anthropocene have long been familiar to anthropologists. After decades of research on human-environmental interactions, anthro…
Regime Shifts in Balinese Subaks
Ecosystems may undergo nonlinear responses to stresses or perturbations. Hence there can be more than one stable state or regime. It is not known whether alternate regimes also occur in coupled social-ecologica-l systems, in which there is the potential for intricate feedbacks between natural and social processes. To find out, we investigated the management of rice paddies by Balinese farmers, where ecological processes impose constraints on the …
Climate Change Influenced Female Population Sizes Through Time Across the Indonesian Archipelago
Lying at the crossroads of Asia and the Pacific world, the Indonesian archipelago hosts one of the world's richest accumulations of cultural, linguistic, and genetic variation. While the role of human migration into and around the archipelago is now known in some detail, other aspects of Indonesia's complex history are less understood. Here, we focus on population size changes from the first settlement of Indonesia nearly 50 kya up to the histori…
Climate Change Influenced Female Population Sizes through Time across the Indonesian Archipelago
Elsa G. Guillot1, Meryanne K. Tumonggor23, J. Stephen Lansing24, Herawati Sudoyo3, Murray P. Cox1*, Climate Change Influenced Female Population Sizes through Time across the Indonesian Archipelago, Human Biology, Vol. 85, No. 1-3, Revisiting the “Negrito” Hypothesis (February-June 2013), pp. 135-152
Climate Change Influenced Female Population Sizes through Time across the Indonesian Archipelago
Lying at the crossroads of Asia and the Pacific world, the Indonesian archipelago hosts one of the world’s richest accumulations of cultural, linguistic, and genetic variation. While the role of human migration into and around the archipelago is now known in some detail, other aspects of Indonesia’s complex history are less understood. Here, we focus on population size changes from the first settlement of Indonesia nearly 50 kya up to the histori…
The Functional Role of Balinese Water Temples
The Domain of the Replicators
Do cultural phenomena undergo evolutionary change, in a Darwinian sense? If so, is evolutionary game theory (EGT) the best way to study them? Opinion on these questions is sharply divided. Proponents of EGT argue that it offers a unified theoretical framework for the social sciences, while critics even deny that Darwinian models are appropriately applied to culture. To evaluate these claims, we examine three facets of cultural evolution: (i) cult…
An ongoing Austronesian expansion in Island Southeast Asia
Complexité et anthropologie
Aujourd’hui, la mathématique des systèmes complexes offre divers outils à partir desquels on peut étudier les propriétés macroscopiques des interactions qui se manifestent dans une dimension temporelle. En dessinant les schèmes d’interaction qui correspondent aux éléments d’un système, on peut souvent découvrir des propriétés qui émergent à un niveau supérieur. Rétrospectivement, il apparaît remarquable que quelques idées simples tirées des analy…
A robust budding model of Balinese water temple networks
Ethnohistory, genetics and simulation are used to propose a new 'budding model' to describe the historical processes by which complex irrigation communities may come into existence. We review two alternative theories, Wittfogel's top-down state-formation theory and common-pool resource management, and suggest that a budding model would better account for existing archaeological and ethnographic descriptions of a well-studied network of irrigation…
[Geoarcaheological Stdies of Landscape Change and Human Settlement During the Past 2500 Years] Ancient Water Management and Landscape Transformation at Sebatu, Bali
Priests and Programmers
For the Balinese, the whole of nature is a perpetual resource: through centuries of carefully directed labor, the engineered landscape of the island's rice terraces has taken shape. According to Stephen Lansing, the need for effective cooperation in water management links thousands of farmers together in hierarchies of productive relationships that span entire watersheds. Lansing describes the network of water temples that once managed the flow o…
Perfect Order
Along rivers in Bali, small groups of farmers meet regularly in water temples to manage their irrigation systems. They have done so for a thousand years. Over the centuries, water temple networks have expanded to manage the ecology of rice terraces at the scale of whole watersheds. Although each group focuses on its own problems, a global solution nonetheless emerges that optimizes irrigation flows for everyone. Did someone have to design Bali's …
Balinese Y-Chromosome Perspective on the Peopling of Indonesia
This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol77/iss1/8
Waiting for Foucault, Still (Sahlins)
Cooperation, Games, and Ecological Feedback
On Irrigation and the Balinese State
Priests and Programmers
For the Balinese, the whole of nature is a perpetual resource: through centuries of carefully directed labor, the engineered landscape of the island's rice terraces has taken shape. According to Stephen Lansing, the need for effective cooperation in water management links thousands of farmers together in hierarchies of productive relationships that span entire watersheds. Lansing describes the network of water temples that once managed the flow o…
Complex Adaptive Systems
The study of complex adaptive systems, a subset of nonlinear dynamical systems, has recently become a major focus of interdisciplinary research in the social and natural sciences. Nonlinear systems are ubiquitous; as mathematician Stanislaw Ulam observed, to speak of "nonlinear science" is like calling zoology the study of "nonelephant animals" (quoted in Campbell et al. 1985 , p. 374). The initial phase of research on nonlinear systems focused o…
Emergent Properties of Balinese Water Temple Networks
For over a thousand years, generations of Balinese farmers have gradually transformed the landscape of their island, clearing forests, digging irrigation canals, and terracing hillsides to enable themselves and their descendants to grow irrigated rice. Paralleling the physical system of terraces and irrigation works, the Balinese have also constructed intricate networks of shrines and temples dedicated to agricultural deities. Ecological modeling…
Balinese "Water Temples" and the Management of Irrigation
Bali has figured prominently in debates on the question of whether irrigation centralizes state power. New evidence shows that irrigation is actually organized by networks of "water temples" that constitute an institutional system separate from the state. Earlier attempts to identify a discrete system of irrigation management misconceived the problem. For most crops, irrigation simply provides water for the plant's roots. But in a Balinese rice t…
Environmental Anthropology
Our brief overview of developments in environmental anthropology since 1980 and their antecedents is organized around three themes: systems ecology, political ecology, and cognitive science. In some areas, the context is familiar. As Latour recently observed, the intellectual themes captured by the emergent concept of the Anthropocene have long been familiar to anthropologists. After decades of research on human-environmental interactions, anthro…
Priests and Programmers
Balinese Y-Chromosome Perspective on the Peopling of Indonesia
This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol77/iss1/8
Cooperation, Games, and Ecological Feedback
An ongoing Austronesian expansion in Island Southeast Asia
A robust budding model of Balinese water temple networks
Ethnohistory, genetics and simulation are used to propose a new 'budding model' to describe the historical processes by which complex irrigation communities may come into existence. We review two alternative theories, Wittfogel's top-down state-formation theory and common-pool resource management, and suggest that a budding model would better account for existing archaeological and ethnographic descriptions of a well-studied network of irrigation…
On Irrigation and the Balinese State
The Functional Role of Balinese Water Temples
The Domain of the Replicators
Do cultural phenomena undergo evolutionary change, in a Darwinian sense? If so, is evolutionary game theory (EGT) the best way to study them? Opinion on these questions is sharply divided. Proponents of EGT argue that it offers a unified theoretical framework for the social sciences, while critics even deny that Darwinian models are appropriately applied to culture. To evaluate these claims, we examine three facets of cultural evolution: (i) cult…
The cognitive machinery of power
As Judith Butler has emphasized, for Michel Foucault power is both external to the subject and the very venue of the subject, intrinsic to the formation of the self. Valerio Valeri's studies of the Huaulu, an egalitarian society of forest dwellers on a remote Indonesian island, help to disentangle these two aspects of power. Foucault often cautioned that his analysis of the history of European systems of thought made no claims to universality, bu…
Regime Shifts in Balinese Subaks
Ecosystems may undergo nonlinear responses to stresses or perturbations. Hence there can be more than one stable state or regime. It is not known whether alternate regimes also occur in coupled social-ecologica-l systems, in which there is the potential for intricate feedbacks between natural and social processes. To find out, we investigated the management of rice paddies by Balinese farmers, where ecological processes impose constraints on the …
State, Village and Ritual in Bali
Deep ancestry of collapsing networks of nomadic hunter–gatherers in Borneo
Theories of early cooperation in human society often draw from a small sample of ethnographic studies of surviving populations of hunter–gatherers, most of which are now sedentary. Borneo hunter–gatherers (Punan, Penan) have seldom figured in comparative research because of a decades-old controversy about whether they are the descendants of farmers who adopted a hunting and gathering way of life. In 2018 we began an ethnographic study of a group …
An Indian trader in ancient Bali
DNA analysis of a tooth found with imported pottery in Bali offers a strong possibility of the presence of a trader of Indian extraction in the late first millennium BC
Economic Growth and 'Traditional Society
Waiting for Foucault, Still (Sahlins)
The “Indianization” of Bali
In two recent review articles, I.W. Mabbett summarizes the prehistoric and historic sources bearing on the question of “Indian influence on the development of Southeast Asian societies”. Asimilar review was undertaken by Paul Wheatley in “Satyantra in Suvarnadvipa” and more recently by Ken Hall. Each of these authors make similar points: that there are essentially three major hypotheses that have been advanced over the years to account for the sp…
Evil in the Morning of the World
Economic Growth and 'Traditional Society
The “Indianization” of Bali
In two recent review articles, I.W. Mabbett summarizes the prehistoric and historic sources bearing on the question of “Indian influence on the development of Southeast Asian societies”. Asimilar review was undertaken by Paul Wheatley in “Satyantra in Suvarnadvipa” and more recently by Ken Hall. Each of these authors make similar points: that there are essentially three major hypotheses that have been advanced over the years to account for the sp…
The Three Worlds of Bali
Rice Societies
Balinese "Water Temples" and the Management of Irrigation
Bali has figured prominently in debates on the question of whether irrigation centralizes state power. New evidence shows that irrigation is actually organized by networks of "water temples" that constitute an institutional system separate from the state. Earlier attempts to identify a discrete system of irrigation management misconceived the problem. For most crops, irrigation simply provides water for the plant's roots. But in a Balinese rice t…
Social/Cultural Anthropology
The decolonization of ethnographic film
The Decolonization of Ethnographic Film
Humanized nature and objective spirit
Valeri, Valerio, (Paula Wissing, transl.) Kingship and Sacrifice: Ritual and Society in Ancient Hawaii. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985. xxviii + 446 pp. including notes with references, plates, and index. $55.00 cloth, $22.50 paper. Heesterman, J. C. The Inner Conflict of Tradition: Essays in Indian Ritual, Kingship and Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985. x + 255 pp. including notes with references and index. $32.00 c…
Priests and Programmers
Priests and Programmers
State, Village and Ritual in Bali
Priests and Programmers
Emergent Properties of Balinese Water Temple Networks
For over a thousand years, generations of Balinese farmers have gradually transformed the landscape of their island, clearing forests, digging irrigation canals, and terracing hillsides to enable themselves and their descendants to grow irrigated rice. Paralleling the physical system of terraces and irrigation works, the Balinese have also constructed intricate networks of shrines and temples dedicated to agricultural deities. Ecological modeling…
Sight Unseen
Sight Unseen. 1996. 27 minutes, color. film by Nicholas Kurzon. For more information contact Documentary Educational Resources, 101 Morse St., Watertown, MA 02172
Volcanic fertilization of Balinese rice paddies
The cognitive machinery of power
As Judith Butler has emphasized, for Michel Foucault power is both external to the subject and the very venue of the subject, intrinsic to the formation of the self. Valerio Valeri's studies of the Huaulu, an egalitarian society of forest dwellers on a remote Indonesian island, help to disentangle these two aspects of power. Foucault often cautioned that his analysis of the history of European systems of thought made no claims to universality, bu…
Complex Adaptive Systems
The study of complex adaptive systems, a subset of nonlinear dynamical systems, has recently become a major focus of interdisciplinary research in the social and natural sciences. Nonlinear systems are ubiquitous; as mathematician Stanislaw Ulam observed, to speak of "nonlinear science" is like calling zoology the study of "nonelephant animals" (quoted in Campbell et al. 1985 , p. 374). The initial phase of research on nonlinear systems focused o…
An Indian trader in ancient Bali
DNA analysis of a tooth found with imported pottery in Bali offers a strong possibility of the presence of a trader of Indian extraction in the late first millennium BC
Balinese Y-Chromosome Perspective on the Peopling of Indonesia
This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol77/iss1/8
Waiting for Foucault, Still (Sahlins)
Cooperation, Games, and Ecological Feedback
On Irrigation and the Balinese State
Perfect Order
Along rivers in Bali, small groups of farmers meet regularly in water temples to manage their irrigation systems. They have done so for a thousand years. Over the centuries, water temple networks have expanded to manage the ecology of rice terraces at the scale of whole watersheds. Although each group focuses on its own problems, a global solution nonetheless emerges that optimizes irrigation flows for everyone. Did someone have to design Bali's …
Sociology (18 obras) · Geography (17 obras) · Computer Science (16 obras) · Archaeology (15 obras) · Asian Studies and History (15 obras) · Biology (15 obras) · Ecology (15 obras) · Ecology (11 obras) · History (11 obras) · Political science (11 obras)