Shelley R Saunders
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 5205286 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Shelley R Saunders |
| PRENOMES | Shelley R |
| SOBRENOME | Saunders |
| ASSINATURA | SAUNDERS S R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | McMaster University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 36 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 672 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1978 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2008 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
Biological Anthropology of the Human Skeleton
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION (M. ANNE KATZENBERG AND SHELLEY R. SAUNDERS). PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION (M. ANNE KATZENBERG AND SHELLEY R. SAUNDERS). CONTRIBUTORS. FOREWORD (JANE E. BUIKSTRA). PART: I THEORY AND APPLICATION IN STUDIES OF PAST PEOPLES. 1. Bioarchaeological Ethics: A Historical Perspective on the Value of Human Remains (Phillip L. Walker). 2. Forensic Anthropology: Methodology and Diversity of Applications (Douglas H. Ubelaker). 3…
Isotopic and dental evidence for infant and young child feeding practices in an imperial Roman skeletal sample
This study integrates isotopic, palaeopathological, and historical evidence to investigate infant and young child feeding practices in a Roman period (1st to 3rd centuries AD) skeletal sample from the Isola Sacra necropolis (Rome, Italy). Stable isotope analysis of bone collagen from 37 rib samples indicates that transitional feeding began by the end of the first year and weaning occurred by 2–2.5 years of age. Both δ 15 N and δ 13 C data clearly…
Digging deeper into the limits of ancient DNA research on syphilis
Sexual dimorphism of the dental tissues in human permanent mandibular canines and third premolars
Methods of measuring tissue area from images of longitudinal thin tooth sections have been used to assess sexual dimorphism in the permanent dentition. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the extent of sexual dimorphism within the coronal tissue proportions of permanent mandibular canines and premolars, using area measurements of the enamel and dentine‐pulp core. The sample consisted of embedded “half‐tooth” sections from 45 individuals, all…
Histological identification of syphilis in pre‐Columbian England
Microscopic analyses served to complement the macroscopic identification of venereal syphilis in two of four pre‐Columbian skeletons from the site Hull Magistrates Court in England. Diagnosis was based on parameters presented by Schultz ([ 1994 ] Origin of Syphilis in Europe, Toulon: Centre Archaeologique du Var, p. 63–67; [2001] Yrbk. Phys. Anthropol. 44:106–147; [2003] Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Remains, New York: Academ…
Health of infants in an Imperial Roman skeletal sample
This study examines general health in the first year of life of a population of 127 subadults from the Imperial Roman necropolis of Isola Sacra (2nd–3rd century ACE). Health status was determined by analyzing 274 deciduous teeth from these children for Wilson bands (also known as accentuated striae), microscopic defects caused by a disruption to normal enamel development arising from some generalized external stressor. While macroscopic enamel de…
A test of the revised Frost's 'rapid manual method' for the preparation of bone thin sections
A recent publication by Maat et al. (2001) introduces a modification of Frost's earlier ‘rapid manual method’ for ground bone thin section preparations, which uses ‘surface embedding’ with cyanoacrylate for sample protection. This revised method is said to provide a quick, inexpensive system for producing thin sections from archaeological specimens with a finished quality equivalent to more involved and equipment-intensive methods. Our study cond…
Isotopic evidence for age‐related variation in diet from Isola Sacra, Italy
This study examines collagen (N = 105) and apatite (N = 65) data from an Imperial Roman skeletal sample from the necropolis of Isola Sacra (Rome, Italy). This paper explores correlations between the isotopic composition of bone samples and the inferred age and sex of these individuals (aged 5–45+ years). The collagen of males, and older individuals in general, was significantly enriched in 15 N but not 13 C. Bone carbonate was somewhat depleted i…
Test of histological methods of determining chronology of accentuated striae in deciduous teeth
One of the difficulties that has prevented Wilson bands, internal defects of enamel growth, from achieving maximum usefulness as indicators of stress in bioarchaeological studies is the inaccuracy of the methods for determining ages of defect occurrence. This study tests a technique that uses microstructural growth markers of enamel to establish the chronology of Wilson bands in deciduous teeth. A sample of 274 teeth from 127 subadults from an Im…
Identification of historical human skeletal remains
Excavation of an early historical (circa 1900) church cemetery in Cochrane, Alberta, Canada, revealed the graves of six individuals. All but one had been previously excavated and the individuals were re‐interred elsewhere. The remaining grave contained a coffin burial of an infant including most of the skeleton, crowns of forming deciduous teeth, scalp and hair. The remains were excavated and historical research was carried out to determine possi…
Universal methodology for developing univariate sample-specific sex determination methods
DNA species identification of archaeological salmon bone from the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America
Isotopic paleodiet studies of skeletons from the Imperial Roman-age cemetery of Isola Sacra, Rome, Italy
Determination of a kinship system using ancient DNA, mortuary practice, and historic records in an upper Canadian pioneer cemetery
Recovered and amplified ancient DNA (aDNA), from a historically documented 19th century Upper Canadian pioneer cemetery produced genotypes that were used to infer a past societal kinship system. While the results from multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) amplifications showed an unreliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product, a single locus HUMTH01 analysis yielded reproducible data and an allelic frequency pattern not statistically different …
Enamel hypoplasia in a Canadian historic sample
Analyses of historical skeletal samples provide useful comparisons of the prevalence of skeletal indicators of stress to documentary information on health, diet, and socioeconomic status. A sample of the permanent dentitions of 253 adults from the St. Thomas' Anglican Church 19th-century skeletal sample in Belleville, Ontario, was examined macroscopically for the prevalence of enamel defects on the six anterior maxillary and mandibular teeth. The…
Investigating the weaning process in past populations
The 19th century St. Thomas' Anglican churchyard in Belleville, Ontario, Canada is associated with a large and well-preserved infant skeletal collection (n = 149) and good-quality parish records that document interments in the graveyard (1821–1874). By using a combination of historical demographic and stable nitrogen isotope analyses on the parish records and skeletal remains, respectively, a general pattern of extended nursing for about 14 month…
Investigating the weaning process in past populations
The 19th century St. Thomas'Anglican churchyard in Belleville, Ontario, Canada is associated with a large and well-preserved infant skeletal collection (n = 149) and good-quality parish records that document interments in the graveyard (1821-1874). By using a combination of historical demographic and stable nitrogen isotope analyses on the parish records and skeletal remains, respectively, a general pattern of extended nursing for about 14 months…
Improved DNA extraction from ancient bones using silica-based spin columns
We describe a simple method for extracting polymerase chain reaction-amplifiable DNA from ancient bones without the use of organic solvents. Bone powders are digested with proteinase K, and the DNA is purified directly using silica-based spin columns (QIAquick3, QIAGEN). The efficiency of this protocol is demonstrated using human bone samples ranging in age from 15 to 5,000 years old
The MAD legacy
Harris lines
Harris lines are regularly used in paleopathology as indicators of episodic nonspecific stress, but the methodology for their use has not been clearly established. We studied radiographs of the distal shaft of the tibia in 82 immature and 49 mature subjects from a medieval burial site and compared the number of Harris lines and observer error according to age categories. We found statistically significant differences in both line counts and in ob…
Harris lines
Harris lines are regularly used in paleopathology as indicators of episodic nonspecific stress, but the methodology for their use has not been clearly established. We studied radiographs of the distal shaft of the tibia in 82 immature and 49 mature subjects from a medieval burial site and compared the number of Harris lines and observer error according to age categories. We found statistically significant differences in both line counts and in ob…
Dental caries in nineteenth century Upper Canada
This study examines the presence of dental caries in a large sample of adult skeletons from the 19th century cemetery of St. Thomas' Anglican Church in Belleville, Ontario. The cemetery was used from 1821 to 1874. Caries prevalence and frequencies of diseased and missing teeth were calculated both by observing summary statistics of individual rates and by the total sample of teeth. Postmortem tooth loss is low in this sample and antemortem tooth …
Weaning and infant mortality
Studies of prehistoric patterns of health and disease focus on interpretations of the evidence from hard tissue remains of past peoples. These interpretations are based on observations of living peoples and the sources of stress which may be expected to leave a record in their bones and teeth. One presumed source of stress that has received wide attention in the recent literature is weaning. The process of weaning is often associated with elevate…
The δ/method for examining bone growth in juveniles
Age differences in stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a population of prehistoric maize horticulturists
Stable carbon isotope ratios in prehistoric human bone collagen have been used extensively to document the introduction and intensification of maize horticulture in northeastern North America. Most previous studies are based on small samples of adults who are assumed to characterize the diet of the population. In this study, all 29 individuals buried within an Ontario Iroquoian village site dated A.D. 1530–1580 were analysed for stable isotopes o…
Isotopic paleodiet studies of skeletons from the Imperial Roman-age cemetery of Isola Sacra, Rome, Italy
The Origin and Antiquity of Syphilis
Growth deficit in survivors and non-survivors
Linear growth of the long bones has and continues to be used by osteologists as a non-specific indicator of health. Studies of past populations use cross-sectional mortality samples to construct human skeletal growth profiles as a means of inferring the overall health of the population from which the skeletal series was drawn. Although all studies recognize that the growth profiles derived from skeletal samples may not be representative of the “t…
Age differences in stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a population of prehistoric maize horticulturists
Stable carbon isotope ratios in prehistoric human bone collagen have been used extensively to document the introduction and intensification of maize horticulture in northeastern North America. Most previous studies are based on small samples of adults who are assumed to characterize the diet of the population. In this study, all 29 individuals buried within an Ontario Iroquoian village site dated A.D. 1530–1580 were analysed for stable isotopes o…
Isotopic and dental evidence for infant and young child feeding practices in an imperial Roman skeletal sample
This study integrates isotopic, palaeopathological, and historical evidence to investigate infant and young child feeding practices in a Roman period (1st to 3rd centuries AD) skeletal sample from the Isola Sacra necropolis (Rome, Italy). Stable isotope analysis of bone collagen from 37 rib samples indicates that transitional feeding began by the end of the first year and weaning occurred by 2–2.5 years of age. Both δ 15 N and δ 13 C data clearly…
Isotopic evidence for age‐related variation in diet from Isola Sacra, Italy
This study examines collagen (N = 105) and apatite (N = 65) data from an Imperial Roman skeletal sample from the necropolis of Isola Sacra (Rome, Italy). This paper explores correlations between the isotopic composition of bone samples and the inferred age and sex of these individuals (aged 5–45+ years). The collagen of males, and older individuals in general, was significantly enriched in 15 N but not 13 C. Bone carbonate was somewhat depleted i…
Sexual dimorphism of the dental tissues in human permanent mandibular canines and third premolars
Methods of measuring tissue area from images of longitudinal thin tooth sections have been used to assess sexual dimorphism in the permanent dentition. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the extent of sexual dimorphism within the coronal tissue proportions of permanent mandibular canines and premolars, using area measurements of the enamel and dentine‐pulp core. The sample consisted of embedded “half‐tooth” sections from 45 individuals, all…
Diaphyseal growth in a nineteenth century skeletal sample of subadults from St Thomas' church, Belleville, Ontario
This study presents skeletal growth data for a nineteenth century church cemetery sample from Belleville, Ontario. Skeletal growth profiles (SGPs), plotting measurements of growth against age estimated by tooth formation, were constructed for the sample. Means and confidence intervals for 1-year cohorts up to 12 years of age are presented for each of the long bones, the ilium and scapula. Comparison of the SGPs created for this sample with modern…
Universal methodology for developing univariate sample-specific sex determination methods
DNA species identification of archaeological salmon bone from the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America
Health of infants in an Imperial Roman skeletal sample
This study examines general health in the first year of life of a population of 127 subadults from the Imperial Roman necropolis of Isola Sacra (2nd–3rd century ACE). Health status was determined by analyzing 274 deciduous teeth from these children for Wilson bands (also known as accentuated striae), microscopic defects caused by a disruption to normal enamel development arising from some generalized external stressor. While macroscopic enamel de…
Accuracy tests of tooth formation age estimations for human skeletal remains
Estimations of age from tooth formation standards for a large (n = 282) sample of subadult skeletal remains from a 19th century historic cemetery sample were analyzed. The standards of Moorrees et al. (1963a, b) for the permanent and deciduous teeth, and Anderson et al. (1976) for the formation of permanent dentition were employed in a variety of combinations to calculate mean dental ages. Tests of accuracy and bias were made on a small sample (n…
A family study of two skeletal variants
The frequency of two non‐metric skeletal traits, atlas bridging and clinoid bridging, were examined serially in a randomly chosen sample of 147 families who participated in the Burlington Growth Study. The sample is representative of an Ontario white Anglo‐Saxon population. Partial and complete atlas bridging occurred in 29.2% of the sample, partial and complete clinoid bridging in 15.2%. Atlas bridging appears at an average age of 10.7 years, cl…
Test of histological methods of determining chronology of accentuated striae in deciduous teeth
One of the difficulties that has prevented Wilson bands, internal defects of enamel growth, from achieving maximum usefulness as indicators of stress in bioarchaeological studies is the inaccuracy of the methods for determining ages of defect occurrence. This study tests a technique that uses microstructural growth markers of enamel to establish the chronology of Wilson bands in deciduous teeth. A sample of 274 teeth from 127 subadults from an Im…
Histological identification of syphilis in pre‐Columbian England
Microscopic analyses served to complement the macroscopic identification of venereal syphilis in two of four pre‐Columbian skeletons from the site Hull Magistrates Court in England. Diagnosis was based on parameters presented by Schultz ([ 1994 ] Origin of Syphilis in Europe, Toulon: Centre Archaeologique du Var, p. 63–67; [2001] Yrbk. Phys. Anthropol. 44:106–147; [2003] Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Remains, New York: Academ…
Digging deeper into the limits of ancient DNA research on syphilis
Dimensional and discrete dental trait asymmetry relationships
Inuit (Eskimos) from the Foxe Basin region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, were studied to ascertain the amount of dimensional and morphological asymmetry in their dentitions. The results indicate that dimensional asymmetry does not appear to be greater on either the maxillary or mandibular teeth. Both types of asymmetry show partial conformity to the model of tooth fields with an increasing amount of asymmetry as one goes distally in each …
Identification of historical human skeletal remains
Excavation of an early historical (circa 1900) church cemetery in Cochrane, Alberta, Canada, revealed the graves of six individuals. All but one had been previously excavated and the individuals were re‐interred elsewhere. The remaining grave contained a coffin burial of an infant including most of the skeleton, crowns of forming deciduous teeth, scalp and hair. The remains were excavated and historical research was carried out to determine possi…
Determination of a kinship system using ancient DNA, mortuary practice, and historic records in an upper Canadian pioneer cemetery
Recovered and amplified ancient DNA (aDNA), from a historically documented 19th century Upper Canadian pioneer cemetery produced genotypes that were used to infer a past societal kinship system. While the results from multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) amplifications showed an unreliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product, a single locus HUMTH01 analysis yielded reproducible data and an allelic frequency pattern not statistically different …
Subadult skeletons in the Raymond Dart anatomical collection
A test of the revised Frost's 'rapid manual method' for the preparation of bone thin sections
A recent publication by Maat et al. (2001) introduces a modification of Frost's earlier ‘rapid manual method’ for ground bone thin section preparations, which uses ‘surface embedding’ with cyanoacrylate for sample protection. This revised method is said to provide a quick, inexpensive system for producing thin sections from archaeological specimens with a finished quality equivalent to more involved and equipment-intensive methods. Our study cond…
The MAD legacy
The δ/method for examining bone growth in juveniles
A family study of two skeletal variants
The frequency of two non‐metric skeletal traits, atlas bridging and clinoid bridging, were examined serially in a randomly chosen sample of 147 families who participated in the Burlington Growth Study. The sample is representative of an Ontario white Anglo‐Saxon population. Partial and complete atlas bridging occurred in 29.2% of the sample, partial and complete clinoid bridging in 15.2%. Atlas bridging appears at an average age of 10.7 years, cl…
The consumer socialization of black adolescents
An attempt was made to investigate the consumer behaviour of black adolescents in Soweto, with the aim of uncovering underlying trends that may be representative of other urban black teenagers. Specific objectives included the investigation of black teenage comsumption of confectionery products, and the consumer socialization process. This is the process by which children learn appropriate consumer behaviours. Data were gathered from a sample of …
The consumer socialization of black adolescents
An attempt was made to investigate the consumer behaviour of black adolescents in Soweto, with the aim of uncovering underlying trends that may be representative of other urban black teenagers. Specific objectives included the investigation of black teenage comsumption of confectionery products, and the consumer socialization process. This is the process by which children learn appropriate consumer behaviours. Data were gathered from a sample of …
Dimensional and discrete dental trait asymmetry relationships
Inuit (Eskimos) from the Foxe Basin region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, were studied to ascertain the amount of dimensional and morphological asymmetry in their dentitions. The results indicate that dimensional asymmetry does not appear to be greater on either the maxillary or mandibular teeth. Both types of asymmetry show partial conformity to the model of tooth fields with an increasing amount of asymmetry as one goes distally in each …
The Origin and Antiquity of Syphilis
Subadult skeletons in the Raymond Dart anatomical collection
Can revisionism, in evolutionary biology, help in formulating hypotheses about hominid evolution
Age differences in stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a population of prehistoric maize horticulturists
Stable carbon isotope ratios in prehistoric human bone collagen have been used extensively to document the introduction and intensification of maize horticulture in northeastern North America. Most previous studies are based on small samples of adults who are assumed to characterize the diet of the population. In this study, all 29 individuals buried within an Ontario Iroquoian village site dated A.D. 1530–1580 were analysed for stable isotopes o…
Accuracy tests of tooth formation age estimations for human skeletal remains
Estimations of age from tooth formation standards for a large (n = 282) sample of subadult skeletal remains from a 19th century historic cemetery sample were analyzed. The standards of Moorrees et al. (1963a, b) for the permanent and deciduous teeth, and Anderson et al. (1976) for the formation of permanent dentition were employed in a variety of combinations to calculate mean dental ages. Tests of accuracy and bias were made on a small sample (n…
Growth deficit in survivors and non-survivors
Linear growth of the long bones has and continues to be used by osteologists as a non-specific indicator of health. Studies of past populations use cross-sectional mortality samples to construct human skeletal growth profiles as a means of inferring the overall health of the population from which the skeletal series was drawn. Although all studies recognize that the growth profiles derived from skeletal samples may not be representative of the “t…
Diaphyseal growth in a nineteenth century skeletal sample of subadults from St Thomas' church, Belleville, Ontario
This study presents skeletal growth data for a nineteenth century church cemetery sample from Belleville, Ontario. Skeletal growth profiles (SGPs), plotting measurements of growth against age estimated by tooth formation, were constructed for the sample. Means and confidence intervals for 1-year cohorts up to 12 years of age are presented for each of the long bones, the ilium and scapula. Comparison of the SGPs created for this sample with modern…
The δ/method for examining bone growth in juveniles
Weaning and infant mortality
Studies of prehistoric patterns of health and disease focus on interpretations of the evidence from hard tissue remains of past peoples. These interpretations are based on observations of living peoples and the sources of stress which may be expected to leave a record in their bones and teeth. One presumed source of stress that has received wide attention in the recent literature is weaning. The process of weaning is often associated with elevate…
Harris lines
Harris lines are regularly used in paleopathology as indicators of episodic nonspecific stress, but the methodology for their use has not been clearly established. We studied radiographs of the distal shaft of the tibia in 82 immature and 49 mature subjects from a medieval burial site and compared the number of Harris lines and observer error according to age categories. We found statistically significant differences in both line counts and in ob…
Harris lines
Harris lines are regularly used in paleopathology as indicators of episodic nonspecific stress, but the methodology for their use has not been clearly established. We studied radiographs of the distal shaft of the tibia in 82 immature and 49 mature subjects from a medieval burial site and compared the number of Harris lines and observer error according to age categories. We found statistically significant differences in both line counts and in ob…
Dental caries in nineteenth century Upper Canada
This study examines the presence of dental caries in a large sample of adult skeletons from the 19th century cemetery of St. Thomas' Anglican Church in Belleville, Ontario. The cemetery was used from 1821 to 1874. Caries prevalence and frequencies of diseased and missing teeth were calculated both by observing summary statistics of individual rates and by the total sample of teeth. Postmortem tooth loss is low in this sample and antemortem tooth …
Investigating the weaning process in past populations
The 19th century St. Thomas' Anglican churchyard in Belleville, Ontario, Canada is associated with a large and well-preserved infant skeletal collection (n = 149) and good-quality parish records that document interments in the graveyard (1821–1874). By using a combination of historical demographic and stable nitrogen isotope analyses on the parish records and skeletal remains, respectively, a general pattern of extended nursing for about 14 month…
Investigating the weaning process in past populations
The 19th century St. Thomas'Anglican churchyard in Belleville, Ontario, Canada is associated with a large and well-preserved infant skeletal collection (n = 149) and good-quality parish records that document interments in the graveyard (1821-1874). By using a combination of historical demographic and stable nitrogen isotope analyses on the parish records and skeletal remains, respectively, a general pattern of extended nursing for about 14 months…
Improved DNA extraction from ancient bones using silica-based spin columns
We describe a simple method for extracting polymerase chain reaction-amplifiable DNA from ancient bones without the use of organic solvents. Bone powders are digested with proteinase K, and the DNA is purified directly using silica-based spin columns (QIAquick3, QIAGEN). The efficiency of this protocol is demonstrated using human bone samples ranging in age from 15 to 5,000 years old
The MAD legacy
Enamel hypoplasia in a Canadian historic sample
Analyses of historical skeletal samples provide useful comparisons of the prevalence of skeletal indicators of stress to documentary information on health, diet, and socioeconomic status. A sample of the permanent dentitions of 253 adults from the St. Thomas' Anglican Church 19th-century skeletal sample in Belleville, Ontario, was examined macroscopically for the prevalence of enamel defects on the six anterior maxillary and mandibular teeth. The…
DNA species identification of archaeological salmon bone from the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America
Isotopic paleodiet studies of skeletons from the Imperial Roman-age cemetery of Isola Sacra, Rome, Italy
Determination of a kinship system using ancient DNA, mortuary practice, and historic records in an upper Canadian pioneer cemetery
Recovered and amplified ancient DNA (aDNA), from a historically documented 19th century Upper Canadian pioneer cemetery produced genotypes that were used to infer a past societal kinship system. While the results from multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) amplifications showed an unreliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product, a single locus HUMTH01 analysis yielded reproducible data and an allelic frequency pattern not statistically different …
Universal methodology for developing univariate sample-specific sex determination methods
Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (26 obras) · Biology (19 obras) · Demography (18 obras) · Medicine (17 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Geography (11 obras) · Population (11 obras) · Archaeology (10 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (10 obras) · History (9 obras)