Carol A Shively
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 5224341 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Carol A Shively |
| PRENOMES | Carol A |
| SOBRENOME | Shively |
| ASSINATURA | SHIVELY C A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Wake Forest University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1536-2288 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 3 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1982 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
Obituary
Development and assessment of a stair ascension challenge as a measure of aging and physical function in nonhuman primates
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are valuable models for studying healthspan, including frailty development. Frailty metrics in people centers on functional measures, including usual gait speed which can be predictive of all‐cause mortality. This concept that physical competencies are able to prognosticate an individual's health trajectory over chronologic aging is well‐accepted and has led to refinements in how physical function is evaluated, and includ…
Nonhuman primates at the intersection of aging biology, chronic disease, and health
Aging across the Primate Order is poorly understood because ages of individuals are often unknown, there is a dearth of aged animals available for study, and because aging is best characterized by longitudinal studies which are difficult to carry out in long‐lived species. The human population is aging rapidly, and advanced age is a primary risk factor for several chronic diseases and conditions that impact healthspan. As lifespan has increased, …
Aging‐related Alzheimer's disease‐like neuropathology and functional decline in captive vervet monkeys ( Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus )
Age‐related neurodegeneration characteristic of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) begins in middle age, well before symptoms. Translational models to identify modifiable risk factors are needed to understand etiology and identify therapeutic targets. Here, we outline the evidence supporting the vervet monkey ( Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus ) as a model of aging‐related AD‐like neuropathology and associated phenotypes including cognitive functi…
Effects of Long-Term Sertraline Treatment and Depression on Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Premenopausal Female Primates
OBJECTIVES: Major depressive disorder and coronary heart disease often co-occur in the same individuals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely prescribed for depression and other disorders, but their effects on coronary heart disease risk remain unclear. We determined the effects of an SSRI on coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) in an established nonhuman primate model used to clarify the association between depression and …
Effect of living conditions on biochemical and hematological parameters of the cynomolgus monkey
The cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) has been increasingly used in biomedical research. Although living conditions affect behavioral and physiological characteristics in macaques, little data is available on how living conditions influence blood-based parameters in the cynomolgus monkey. We hypothesize that there are significant differences in serum biochemical and hematological parameters in single-caged versus socially housed cynomolgus …
Why primate models matter
Research involving nonhuman primates (NHPs) has played a vital role in many of the medical and scientific advances of the past century. NHPs are used because of their similarity to humans in physiology, neuroanatomy, reproduction, development, cognition, and social complexity-yet it is these very similarities that make the use of NHPs in biomedical research a considered decision. As primate researchers, we feel an obligation and responsibility to…
Effect of Depression and Sertraline Treatment on Cardiac Function in Female Nonhuman Primates
Modeling depression in adult female cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis )
Depressive disorders are prevalent, costly, and poorly understood. Male rodents in stress paradigms are most commonly used as animal models, despite the two‐fold increased prevalence of depression in women and sex differences in response to stress. Although these models have provided valuable insights, new models are needed to move the field forward. Social stress‐associated behavioral depression in adult female cynomolgus macaques closely resemb…
Social stress, visceral obesity, and coronary artery atherosclerosis
Abdominal obesity is prevalent and often accompanied by an array of metabolic perturbations including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance, a prothrombotic state, and a proinflammatory state, together referred to as the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome greatly increases coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Social stress also increases CHD although the mechanisms through which this occurs …
The unique value of primate models in translational research
This special issue of AJP is focused on research using nonhuman primates as models to further the understanding of women's health. Nonhuman primates play a unique role in translational science by bridging the gap between basic and clinical investigations. The use of nonhuman primates in biomedical research challenges our resolve to treat all life as sacred. The scientific community has responded by developing ethical guidelines for the care and t…
Depressive Behavior and Coronary Artery Atherogenesis in Adult Female Cynomolgus Monkeys
Objective: To examine depressive behavior and early coronary artery atherogenesis in 36 socially housed female cynomolgus monkeys, an established model of atherogenesis and depression. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) and its sequelae which develop over a period of decades. Thus, in prospective studies of depression and CHD, CAA was likely present at baseline in most subjects who experienced cardiac …
Are subordinates always stressed? a comparative analysis of rank differences in cortisol levels among primates
Depression and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Reactivity in Female Cynomolgus Monkeys
Objective Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are comorbid conditions, and it is thought that depression may increase the risk of CHD. However, the evidence for the latter relationship is sparse and difficult to collect. Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) have been used effectively as animal models of CHD risk and depression. Here we report the results of a comparison of physiological characteristics, coronary artery reactivity, and…
Depression and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Reactivity in Female Cynomolgus Monkeys
OBJECTIVE: Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are comorbid conditions, and it is thought that depression may increase the risk of CHD. However, the evidence for the latter relationship is sparse and difficult to collect. Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) have been used effectively as animal models of CHD risk and depression. Here we report the results of a comparison of physiological characteristics, coronary artery reactivity, an…
Can puzzle feeders be used as cognitive screening instruments? Differential performance of young and aged female monkeys on a puzzle feeder task
Conventional cognitive testing of monkeys is time-consuming and involves single-caging and food or water deprivation. Here we report a novel test of global cognitive performance that can be completed in a short time period without food/water or social restrictions. Nine mazes of increasing difficulty were developed using a standard puzzle feeder, and the maze-solving performance of ten young and five aged female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicu…
Symposium Synopsis
s of Papers for 1999 Annual Meeting: Symposium: Stress, Abdominal Fat Distribution, and the Metabolic Syndrome
Psychosocial Factors, Sex Differences, and Atherosclerosis
OBJECTIVE: Premenopausal women, compared with men, are relatively spared from coronary heart disease and the underlying atherosclerosis. Our purpose has been to elucidate the reason for this difference and to explore the role of behavioral factors in this phenomenon. METHODS: Studies employed socially housed cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) fed an atherogenic diet and subjected to behavioral observations. Ovariectomy, with or without hor…
Social status, behavior, and central serotonergic responsivity in female cynomolgus monkeys
The relationship between social status, behavioral characteristics, and central serotonergic function was examined in eight adult female cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ). The subjects were housed in four‐member social groups for 6 months. Social behavior was observed three times a week. The early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle was determined based on the occurrence of menses, and the prolactin response to acute administration o…
Demonstration of an association among dietary cholesterol, central serotonergic activity, and social behavior in monkeys
Epidemiologic studies link plasma cholesterol reduction to increased mortality rates as a result of suicide, violence, and accidents. Deficient central serotonergic activity is similarly associated with violence and suicidal behavior. We investigated the relationship among dietary and plasma cholesterol, social behavior, and the serotonin system as a possible explanation for these findings. Juvenile cynomolgus monkeys (eight female and nine male)…
Stability of social status rankings of female cynomolgus monkeys, of varying reproductive condition, in different social groups
In order test the hypothesis that adult female macaques display a tendency to attain a certain level of social status independent of the social situation, the social status rankings of 41 wild‐caught adult female Macaca fascicularis were determined in different social groups. About one‐third of the females were intact and housed with vasectomized males. About one‐third of the females were ovariectomized and housed with intact males, and the remai…
The complex relationship between behavioral attributes, social status, and whole blood serotonin in male Macaca fascicularis
Among group‐housed male Cercopithecus aethiops , dominant animals have higher concentrations of whole bood serotonin (WBS) than their subordinate counterparts. In contrast, there appears to be no relationship between social status and WBS in Macaca nemestrina . We report here the relationship between social status and WBS among 29 male Macaca fascicularis housed in groups of five. Membership in these groups was disrupted periodically (20 times in…
The relationship of agonistic and affiliative behavior patterns to cellular immune function among cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ) living in unstable social groups
Considerable recent interest has focused on the possibility that behavioral factors may influence immune competence, and hence, potentially, patterns of disease. We report here the relationship between the aggressive and affiliative behavior and the cellular immune responses of 30 adult male cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ) living in small (n = 5) social groups whose members were periodically redistributed over 26 months. Animals also w…
Oral contraceptive administration, interfemale relationships, and sexual behavior inMacaca fascicularis
Social status and reproductive success of male Macaca fascicularis
Dominant males of nonseasonally breeding species should have more opportunity than seasonal breeders to monopolize access to estrous females and thus enhance their reproductive success. They may also use other strategies for maximizing reproductive success such as producing offspring by relatively high ranking females. To test these hypotheses, the paternity of 35 (80%) of 44 Macaca fascicularis offspring, born over a 28‐month period, was establi…
Patterns of sexual behavior in male macaques
One large social group of each of three species of macaques ( Macaca mulatta, M. fascicularis, M. radiata ), housed in half‐acre field cages at the California Primate Research Center, were observed for a total of 150 h. Data on sexual behavior and dominance interactions were recorded by pairs of experienced observers using a focal animal technique. Single or multiple mount‐to‐ejaculation sequences, number of thrusts per mount, number of mounts pe…
Social status and reproductive success of male Macaca fascicularis
Dominant males of nonseasonally breeding species should have more opportunity than seasonal breeders to monopolize access to estrous females and thus enhance their reproductive success. They may also use other strategies for maximizing reproductive success such as producing offspring by relatively high ranking females. To test these hypotheses, the paternity of 35 (80%) of 44 Macaca fascicularis offspring, born over a 28‐month period, was establi…
Oral contraceptive administration, interfemale relationships, and sexual behavior inMacaca fascicularis
Stability of social status rankings of female cynomolgus monkeys, of varying reproductive condition, in different social groups
In order test the hypothesis that adult female macaques display a tendency to attain a certain level of social status independent of the social situation, the social status rankings of 41 wild‐caught adult female Macaca fascicularis were determined in different social groups. About one‐third of the females were intact and housed with vasectomized males. About one‐third of the females were ovariectomized and housed with intact males, and the remai…
The complex relationship between behavioral attributes, social status, and whole blood serotonin in male Macaca fascicularis
Among group‐housed male Cercopithecus aethiops , dominant animals have higher concentrations of whole bood serotonin (WBS) than their subordinate counterparts. In contrast, there appears to be no relationship between social status and WBS in Macaca nemestrina . We report here the relationship between social status and WBS among 29 male Macaca fascicularis housed in groups of five. Membership in these groups was disrupted periodically (20 times in…
The relationship of agonistic and affiliative behavior patterns to cellular immune function among cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ) living in unstable social groups
Considerable recent interest has focused on the possibility that behavioral factors may influence immune competence, and hence, potentially, patterns of disease. We report here the relationship between the aggressive and affiliative behavior and the cellular immune responses of 30 adult male cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ) living in small (n = 5) social groups whose members were periodically redistributed over 26 months. Animals also w…
Demonstration of an association among dietary cholesterol, central serotonergic activity, and social behavior in monkeys
Epidemiologic studies link plasma cholesterol reduction to increased mortality rates as a result of suicide, violence, and accidents. Deficient central serotonergic activity is similarly associated with violence and suicidal behavior. We investigated the relationship among dietary and plasma cholesterol, social behavior, and the serotonin system as a possible explanation for these findings. Juvenile cynomolgus monkeys (eight female and nine male)…
Social status, behavior, and central serotonergic responsivity in female cynomolgus monkeys
The relationship between social status, behavioral characteristics, and central serotonergic function was examined in eight adult female cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ). The subjects were housed in four‐member social groups for 6 months. Social behavior was observed three times a week. The early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle was determined based on the occurrence of menses, and the prolactin response to acute administration o…
Psychosocial Factors, Sex Differences, and Atherosclerosis
OBJECTIVE: Premenopausal women, compared with men, are relatively spared from coronary heart disease and the underlying atherosclerosis. Our purpose has been to elucidate the reason for this difference and to explore the role of behavioral factors in this phenomenon. METHODS: Studies employed socially housed cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) fed an atherogenic diet and subjected to behavioral observations. Ovariectomy, with or without hor…
Can puzzle feeders be used as cognitive screening instruments? Differential performance of young and aged female monkeys on a puzzle feeder task
Conventional cognitive testing of monkeys is time-consuming and involves single-caging and food or water deprivation. Here we report a novel test of global cognitive performance that can be completed in a short time period without food/water or social restrictions. Nine mazes of increasing difficulty were developed using a standard puzzle feeder, and the maze-solving performance of ten young and five aged female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicu…
Symposium Synopsis
s of Papers for 1999 Annual Meeting: Symposium: Stress, Abdominal Fat Distribution, and the Metabolic Syndrome
Depression and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Reactivity in Female Cynomolgus Monkeys
Objective Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are comorbid conditions, and it is thought that depression may increase the risk of CHD. However, the evidence for the latter relationship is sparse and difficult to collect. Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) have been used effectively as animal models of CHD risk and depression. Here we report the results of a comparison of physiological characteristics, coronary artery reactivity, and…
Depression and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis and Reactivity in Female Cynomolgus Monkeys
OBJECTIVE: Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are comorbid conditions, and it is thought that depression may increase the risk of CHD. However, the evidence for the latter relationship is sparse and difficult to collect. Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) have been used effectively as animal models of CHD risk and depression. Here we report the results of a comparison of physiological characteristics, coronary artery reactivity, an…
Are subordinates always stressed? a comparative analysis of rank differences in cortisol levels among primates
Depressive Behavior and Coronary Artery Atherogenesis in Adult Female Cynomolgus Monkeys
Objective: To examine depressive behavior and early coronary artery atherogenesis in 36 socially housed female cynomolgus monkeys, an established model of atherogenesis and depression. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) and its sequelae which develop over a period of decades. Thus, in prospective studies of depression and CHD, CAA was likely present at baseline in most subjects who experienced cardiac …
Social stress, visceral obesity, and coronary artery atherosclerosis
Abdominal obesity is prevalent and often accompanied by an array of metabolic perturbations including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance, a prothrombotic state, and a proinflammatory state, together referred to as the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome greatly increases coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Social stress also increases CHD although the mechanisms through which this occurs …
The unique value of primate models in translational research
This special issue of AJP is focused on research using nonhuman primates as models to further the understanding of women's health. Nonhuman primates play a unique role in translational science by bridging the gap between basic and clinical investigations. The use of nonhuman primates in biomedical research challenges our resolve to treat all life as sacred. The scientific community has responded by developing ethical guidelines for the care and t…
Modeling depression in adult female cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis )
Depressive disorders are prevalent, costly, and poorly understood. Male rodents in stress paradigms are most commonly used as animal models, despite the two‐fold increased prevalence of depression in women and sex differences in response to stress. Although these models have provided valuable insights, new models are needed to move the field forward. Social stress‐associated behavioral depression in adult female cynomolgus macaques closely resemb…
Effect of living conditions on biochemical and hematological parameters of the cynomolgus monkey
The cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) has been increasingly used in biomedical research. Although living conditions affect behavioral and physiological characteristics in macaques, little data is available on how living conditions influence blood-based parameters in the cynomolgus monkey. We hypothesize that there are significant differences in serum biochemical and hematological parameters in single-caged versus socially housed cynomolgus …
Why primate models matter
Research involving nonhuman primates (NHPs) has played a vital role in many of the medical and scientific advances of the past century. NHPs are used because of their similarity to humans in physiology, neuroanatomy, reproduction, development, cognition, and social complexity-yet it is these very similarities that make the use of NHPs in biomedical research a considered decision. As primate researchers, we feel an obligation and responsibility to…
Effect of Depression and Sertraline Treatment on Cardiac Function in Female Nonhuman Primates
Effects of Long-Term Sertraline Treatment and Depression on Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Premenopausal Female Primates
OBJECTIVES: Major depressive disorder and coronary heart disease often co-occur in the same individuals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely prescribed for depression and other disorders, but their effects on coronary heart disease risk remain unclear. We determined the effects of an SSRI on coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) in an established nonhuman primate model used to clarify the association between depression and …
Nonhuman primates at the intersection of aging biology, chronic disease, and health
Aging across the Primate Order is poorly understood because ages of individuals are often unknown, there is a dearth of aged animals available for study, and because aging is best characterized by longitudinal studies which are difficult to carry out in long‐lived species. The human population is aging rapidly, and advanced age is a primary risk factor for several chronic diseases and conditions that impact healthspan. As lifespan has increased, …
Aging‐related Alzheimer's disease‐like neuropathology and functional decline in captive vervet monkeys ( Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus )
Age‐related neurodegeneration characteristic of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) begins in middle age, well before symptoms. Translational models to identify modifiable risk factors are needed to understand etiology and identify therapeutic targets. Here, we outline the evidence supporting the vervet monkey ( Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus ) as a model of aging‐related AD‐like neuropathology and associated phenotypes including cognitive functi…
Development and assessment of a stair ascension challenge as a measure of aging and physical function in nonhuman primates
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are valuable models for studying healthspan, including frailty development. Frailty metrics in people centers on functional measures, including usual gait speed which can be predictive of all‐cause mortality. This concept that physical competencies are able to prognosticate an individual's health trajectory over chronologic aging is well‐accepted and has led to refinements in how physical function is evaluated, and includ…
Psychology (19 obras) · Medicine (16 obras) · Endocrinology (14 obras) · Biology (13 obras) · Internal Medicine (11 obras) · Physiology (11 obras) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (11 obras) · Stress Responses and Cortisol (10 obras) · Developmental psychology (8 obras) · Endocrinology (7 obras)