Christine Galavotti
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 5382228 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Christine Galavotti |
| PRENOMES | Christine |
| SOBRENOME | Galavotti |
| ASSINATURA | GALAVOTTI C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 23 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 38 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 23 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1993 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
What About Well‐Being? Measuring What We Really Care About in Sexual and Reproductive Health
The well‐being of individuals and communities is increasingly recognized as a core objective of economic and global development policies and programs. However, existing measures of well‐being neglect sexual and reproductive experiences, which are core dimensions of people's lives. While there has been increasing attention to the concept of sexual well‐being, measures of sexual and reproductive health are predominantly deficit‐based and ignore whe…
Preference‐Aligned Fertility Management as a Person‐Centered Alternative to Contraceptive Use‐Focused Measures
Equating contraceptive use with programmatic success is fundamentally flawed in failing to account for whether individuals desire contraceptive use; this is problematic because nonuse can reflect empowered decision‐making and use may reflect an individual's inability to refuse or discontinue a method. A rights‐based approach demands respect for individuals’ freedom to weigh options and choose how their desire for pregnancy prevention can be accom…
Getting Intentional about Intention to Use
In recent years, there has been much reflection on the measures used to assess and monitor contraceptive programming outcomes. The meaning and measurement of intention‐to‐use (ITU) contraception, however, has had less attention and research despite its widespread inclusion in many major surveys. This paper takes a deeper look at the meaning and measurement of ITU around contraception. We conducted a scoping review guided by the following question…
From direct engagement to technical support
INTRODUCTION: In 2011, through a multipartner Integrated Family Health Initiative (IFHI), CARE started supporting maternal and neonatal health (MNH) improvement goals in 8 of 38 districts in Bihar, India. The programme included a frontline health worker (FHW) component offering health advice through household visits and benefited from CARE's direct engagement during IFHI, which then evolved into statewide Technical Support Unit (TSU) to the Gover…
Elevating Social and Behavior Change as an Essential Component of Family Planning Programs
The global family planning community has made significant progress towards enabling 120 million more women and girls to use contraceptives by 2020, though we enter the decade ahead with a long road yet to travel. While investment in strong health systems and supply chains is still needed, the supply‐driven approach dominant in family planning fails to address the individual, relational, and social barriers faced by women and couples in achieving …
Using a mobile nurse mentoring and training program to address a health workforce capacity crisis in Bihar, India
Using a mobile nurse mentoring and training program to address a health workforce capacity crisis in Bihar, India: Impact on essential intrapartum and newborn care practices Background To address a health workforce capacity crisis, in coordination with the Government of Bihar, CARE India implemented an on-the-job, onsite nurse mentoring and training intervention named -Apatkalin Matritva evam Navjat Tatparta (AMANAT, translated Emergency Maternal…
Statewide implementation of a quality improvement initiative for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutritionin Bihar, India
Background CARE India designed and implemented a comprehensive, statewide quality improvement (QI) initiative to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) services in public facilities in Bihar. We provide a description of this initiative and its key results during 2014-2017
A review of Care’s Community Score Card experience and evidence
The global community's growing enthusiasm for the potential of social accountability approaches to improve health system performance and accelerate health progress makes it imperative that we learn from social accountability intervention implementation experience and results. To this end, we carried out a review of Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, Inc. (CARE)'s experience with the Community Score Card© (CSC)-a social accountabili…
Investing in Communities
Community mobilization often requires greater time and resource investments than typical interventions, yet few evaluations exist to justify these investments. We evaluated the added benefit of community mobilization on HIV prevention outcomes among female sex workers (FSWs) using a composite measure of volunteer participation in program committees by FSWs. After adjusting for treatment propensity, we used multilevel structural equation modeling …
Navigating the swampy lowland
BACKGROUND: Few models of how community mobilisation works have been elaborated in the scientific literature, and evaluation of the impact of these programmes on HIV and other health outcomes is extremely limited. Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative, has been implementing community mobilisation as part of its prevention programming with groups of high-risk individuals across six states since 2005. PURPOSE: To articulate a programme theory and evalu…
The Integration of Family Planning with Other Health Services
CONTEXT: Integrating family planning services with other health services may be an effective way to reduce unmet need. However, greater understanding of the evidence on integration is needed. METHODS: Studies that evaluated the integration of family planning with any other type of health service were identified by searching five databases. To be included, studies had to have: been published in English between 1994 and 2009; used either a single-g…
Chronic Diseases and Related Risk Factors among Low-Income Mothers
Use of Dual Protection in Botswana
High rates of unintended pregnancy and of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections prompt calls for use of “dual‐protection” strategies, including consistent condom use or dual‐method use. This study examines the use of dual‐protection strategies in a sample of 15–49‐year‐old men and women in Botswana in 2003. Half of sexually active respondents reported consistent condom use in the past year; 2.5 percent reported dual‐method use. Multiple l…
Radio role models for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and HIV testing among pregnant women in Botswana
Although Botswana supports a program for the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV (PMTCT), many women initially did not take advantage of the program. Using data from a 2003 survey of 504 pregnant and post-partum women, we assessed associations between exposure to a long-running radio serial drama that encourages use of the PMTCT program and HIV testing during pregnancy. Controlling for demographic, pregnancy and other variables, wom…
From Innovation to Implementation
Building on theory and past research, in early 2000 scientists in the Division of Reproductive Health developed a prevention innovation for CDC's Global AIDS Program for use in countries severely affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This innovative program model is called MARCH: Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV/AIDS (Galavotti et al. Am J Public Health 91:1602–1607, 2001 ). MARCH promotes behavioral changes that reduce the risk of HIV infec…
A Bull Cannot be Contained in a Single Kraal”
Intervening with couples
A conceptual model of women's condom use intentions
We developed and tested a multifaceted model of condom use intentions with cross-sectional data from 435 heterosexual women at risk for HIV/STIs. In addition to traditional intrapersonal variables drawn from established models of HIV prevention (e.g. attitudes, norms, self-efficacy), the present study examined the role of relationship factors and dynamics (i.e. relationship commitment, duration, condom use and pregnancy prevention decision-making…
Relationship Power, Sexual Decision Making and Condom Use Among Women at Risk for HIV/STDs
This study examines the associations among relationship power, sexual decision-making dominance, and condom use within a sample of women at risk of HIV/STDs. Data from face-to-face interviews with 112 women were analyzed to (a) describe who women perceive as more powerful and who makes sexual decisions within their heterosexual relationships, (b) explore the association between relationship power and sexual decision-making dominance, and (c) exam…
Promoting Condom Use With Main Partners
Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV
Theory and research suggest that behavioral interventions to prevent HIV/AIDS may be most effective when they are personalized and affectively compelling, when they provide models of desired behaviors, and when they are linked to social and cultural narratives. Effective strategies must also take into account the opportunities and obstacles present in the local environment. The Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV (MARCH) projects combine key…
Behavioral science activities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Behavioral research and surveillance activities are conducted across the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This article highlights activities in 4 program areas: violence against women, tuberculosis elimination, HIV prevention, and occupational health. The unique constraints and opportunities of each organization and program focus have shaped the way research has developed in each of these areas. Behavioral scientists also face ma…
Changing HIV risk behaviors
Changing HIV risk behaviors: the case against pessimism. C Galavotti, and C BeekerCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.12.1791 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Preference‐Aligned Fertility Management as a Person‐Centered Alternative to Contraceptive Use‐Focused Measures
Equating contraceptive use with programmatic success is fundamentally flawed in failing to account for whether individuals desire contraceptive use; this is problematic because nonuse can reflect empowered decision‐making and use may reflect an individual's inability to refuse or discontinue a method. A rights‐based approach demands respect for individuals’ freedom to weigh options and choose how their desire for pregnancy prevention can be accom…
Navigating the swampy lowland
BACKGROUND: Few models of how community mobilisation works have been elaborated in the scientific literature, and evaluation of the impact of these programmes on HIV and other health outcomes is extremely limited. Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative, has been implementing community mobilisation as part of its prevention programming with groups of high-risk individuals across six states since 2005. PURPOSE: To articulate a programme theory and evalu…
Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV
Theory and research suggest that behavioral interventions to prevent HIV/AIDS may be most effective when they are personalized and affectively compelling, when they provide models of desired behaviors, and when they are linked to social and cultural narratives. Effective strategies must also take into account the opportunities and obstacles present in the local environment. The Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV (MARCH) projects combine key…
Elevating Social and Behavior Change as an Essential Component of Family Planning Programs
The global family planning community has made significant progress towards enabling 120 million more women and girls to use contraceptives by 2020, though we enter the decade ahead with a long road yet to travel. While investment in strong health systems and supply chains is still needed, the supply‐driven approach dominant in family planning fails to address the individual, relational, and social barriers faced by women and couples in achieving …
From Innovation to Implementation
Building on theory and past research, in early 2000 scientists in the Division of Reproductive Health developed a prevention innovation for CDC's Global AIDS Program for use in countries severely affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This innovative program model is called MARCH: Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV/AIDS (Galavotti et al. Am J Public Health 91:1602–1607, 2001 ). MARCH promotes behavioral changes that reduce the risk of HIV infec…
Behavioral science activities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Behavioral research and surveillance activities are conducted across the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This article highlights activities in 4 program areas: violence against women, tuberculosis elimination, HIV prevention, and occupational health. The unique constraints and opportunities of each organization and program focus have shaped the way research has developed in each of these areas. Behavioral scientists also face ma…
Changing HIV risk behaviors
Changing HIV risk behaviors: the case against pessimism. C Galavotti, and C BeekerCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.12.1791 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Behavioral science activities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Behavioral research and surveillance activities are conducted across the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This article highlights activities in 4 program areas: violence against women, tuberculosis elimination, HIV prevention, and occupational health. The unique constraints and opportunities of each organization and program focus have shaped the way research has developed in each of these areas. Behavioral scientists also face ma…
Promoting Condom Use With Main Partners
Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV
Theory and research suggest that behavioral interventions to prevent HIV/AIDS may be most effective when they are personalized and affectively compelling, when they provide models of desired behaviors, and when they are linked to social and cultural narratives. Effective strategies must also take into account the opportunities and obstacles present in the local environment. The Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV (MARCH) projects combine key…
Relationship Power, Sexual Decision Making and Condom Use Among Women at Risk for HIV/STDs
This study examines the associations among relationship power, sexual decision-making dominance, and condom use within a sample of women at risk of HIV/STDs. Data from face-to-face interviews with 112 women were analyzed to (a) describe who women perceive as more powerful and who makes sexual decisions within their heterosexual relationships, (b) explore the association between relationship power and sexual decision-making dominance, and (c) exam…
A conceptual model of women's condom use intentions
We developed and tested a multifaceted model of condom use intentions with cross-sectional data from 435 heterosexual women at risk for HIV/STIs. In addition to traditional intrapersonal variables drawn from established models of HIV prevention (e.g. attitudes, norms, self-efficacy), the present study examined the role of relationship factors and dynamics (i.e. relationship commitment, duration, condom use and pregnancy prevention decision-making…
A Bull Cannot be Contained in a Single Kraal”
Intervening with couples
Radio role models for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and HIV testing among pregnant women in Botswana
Although Botswana supports a program for the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV (PMTCT), many women initially did not take advantage of the program. Using data from a 2003 survey of 504 pregnant and post-partum women, we assessed associations between exposure to a long-running radio serial drama that encourages use of the PMTCT program and HIV testing during pregnancy. Controlling for demographic, pregnancy and other variables, wom…
From Innovation to Implementation
Building on theory and past research, in early 2000 scientists in the Division of Reproductive Health developed a prevention innovation for CDC's Global AIDS Program for use in countries severely affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This innovative program model is called MARCH: Modeling and Reinforcement to Combat HIV/AIDS (Galavotti et al. Am J Public Health 91:1602–1607, 2001 ). MARCH promotes behavioral changes that reduce the risk of HIV infec…
Use of Dual Protection in Botswana
High rates of unintended pregnancy and of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections prompt calls for use of “dual‐protection” strategies, including consistent condom use or dual‐method use. This study examines the use of dual‐protection strategies in a sample of 15–49‐year‐old men and women in Botswana in 2003. Half of sexually active respondents reported consistent condom use in the past year; 2.5 percent reported dual‐method use. Multiple l…
The Integration of Family Planning with Other Health Services
CONTEXT: Integrating family planning services with other health services may be an effective way to reduce unmet need. However, greater understanding of the evidence on integration is needed. METHODS: Studies that evaluated the integration of family planning with any other type of health service were identified by searching five databases. To be included, studies had to have: been published in English between 1994 and 2009; used either a single-g…
Chronic Diseases and Related Risk Factors among Low-Income Mothers
Navigating the swampy lowland
BACKGROUND: Few models of how community mobilisation works have been elaborated in the scientific literature, and evaluation of the impact of these programmes on HIV and other health outcomes is extremely limited. Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative, has been implementing community mobilisation as part of its prevention programming with groups of high-risk individuals across six states since 2005. PURPOSE: To articulate a programme theory and evalu…
Investing in Communities
Community mobilization often requires greater time and resource investments than typical interventions, yet few evaluations exist to justify these investments. We evaluated the added benefit of community mobilization on HIV prevention outcomes among female sex workers (FSWs) using a composite measure of volunteer participation in program committees by FSWs. After adjusting for treatment propensity, we used multilevel structural equation modeling …
A review of Care’s Community Score Card experience and evidence
The global community's growing enthusiasm for the potential of social accountability approaches to improve health system performance and accelerate health progress makes it imperative that we learn from social accountability intervention implementation experience and results. To this end, we carried out a review of Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, Inc. (CARE)'s experience with the Community Score Card© (CSC)-a social accountabili…
Using a mobile nurse mentoring and training program to address a health workforce capacity crisis in Bihar, India
Using a mobile nurse mentoring and training program to address a health workforce capacity crisis in Bihar, India: Impact on essential intrapartum and newborn care practices Background To address a health workforce capacity crisis, in coordination with the Government of Bihar, CARE India implemented an on-the-job, onsite nurse mentoring and training intervention named -Apatkalin Matritva evam Navjat Tatparta (AMANAT, translated Emergency Maternal…
Statewide implementation of a quality improvement initiative for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutritionin Bihar, India
Background CARE India designed and implemented a comprehensive, statewide quality improvement (QI) initiative to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) services in public facilities in Bihar. We provide a description of this initiative and its key results during 2014-2017
From direct engagement to technical support
INTRODUCTION: In 2011, through a multipartner Integrated Family Health Initiative (IFHI), CARE started supporting maternal and neonatal health (MNH) improvement goals in 8 of 38 districts in Bihar, India. The programme included a frontline health worker (FHW) component offering health advice through household visits and benefited from CARE's direct engagement during IFHI, which then evolved into statewide Technical Support Unit (TSU) to the Gover…
Elevating Social and Behavior Change as an Essential Component of Family Planning Programs
The global family planning community has made significant progress towards enabling 120 million more women and girls to use contraceptives by 2020, though we enter the decade ahead with a long road yet to travel. While investment in strong health systems and supply chains is still needed, the supply‐driven approach dominant in family planning fails to address the individual, relational, and social barriers faced by women and couples in achieving …
Getting Intentional about Intention to Use
In recent years, there has been much reflection on the measures used to assess and monitor contraceptive programming outcomes. The meaning and measurement of intention‐to‐use (ITU) contraception, however, has had less attention and research despite its widespread inclusion in many major surveys. This paper takes a deeper look at the meaning and measurement of ITU around contraception. We conducted a scoping review guided by the following question…
Preference‐Aligned Fertility Management as a Person‐Centered Alternative to Contraceptive Use‐Focused Measures
Equating contraceptive use with programmatic success is fundamentally flawed in failing to account for whether individuals desire contraceptive use; this is problematic because nonuse can reflect empowered decision‐making and use may reflect an individual's inability to refuse or discontinue a method. A rights‐based approach demands respect for individuals’ freedom to weigh options and choose how their desire for pregnancy prevention can be accom…
What About Well‐Being? Measuring What We Really Care About in Sexual and Reproductive Health
The well‐being of individuals and communities is increasingly recognized as a core objective of economic and global development policies and programs. However, existing measures of well‐being neglect sexual and reproductive experiences, which are core dimensions of people's lives. While there has been increasing attention to the concept of sexual well‐being, measures of sexual and reproductive health are predominantly deficit‐based and ignore whe…
Medicine (20 obras) · Psychology (14 obras) · Environmental health (12 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (11 obras) · Nursing (10 obras) · Political science (10 obras) · Population (10 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (9 obras) · Family medicine (8 obras) · Social Psychology (8 obras)