Reidar Nydal
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 5597153 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Reidar Nydal |
| PRENOMES | Reidar |
| SOBRENOME | Nydal |
| ASSINATURA | NYDAL R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Norwegian University of Science and Technology |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 19 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 104 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 19 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1962 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2001 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
A Time History of Pre- and Post-Bomb Radiocarbon in the Barents Sea Derived from Arcto-Norwegian Cod Otoliths
Radiocarbon measured in seawater dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) can be used to investigate ocean circulation, atmosphere/ocean carbon flux, and provide powerful constraints for the fine-tuning of general circulation models (GCMs). Time series of 14 C in seawater are derived most frequently from annual bands of hermatypic corals. However, this proxy is unavailable in temperate and polar oceans. Fish otoliths, calcium carbonate auditory, and grav…
A Tribute to Minze Stuiver Upon his Retirement
The renowned lab, which Minze founded 29 years ago, will close when he leaves. Throughout his long and produc- tive career, Minze's integrity
Further Application of Bomb 14 C as a Tracer in the Atmosphere and Ocean
Bomb 14 C from nuclear tests in the atmosphere has proved to be a particularly useful tool in the study of the carbon cycle. We provide here a ca. 30-yr time series of 14 C concentrations in the atmosphere between 28°N and 71°N and in the ocean surface between 45°S and 45°N. More recently (since 1990), a north-south profile also has been obtained for 14 C in the surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean. The measurements were performed using the conve…
Comparing Long-Term Atmospheric 14 C and 3 H Records Near Groningen, the Netherlands with Fruholmen, Norway and Izaña, Canary Islands 14 C Stations
We present the results of the 14 CO 2 atmospheric monitoring station at the Smilde observation station, near Groningen, the Netherlands, a typical continental station. We compared these data, for absolute values and annual variation, with data from Fruholmen, Nordkapp, Norway and Izaña, Tenerife, Canary Islands, which are situated in areas less influenced by fossil-fuel CO 2 . The 20-yr Smilde record shows much seasonal variation (peak-to-trough …
C Profiles in the Norwegian and Greenland Seas by Conventional and AMS Measurements
CO 2 in the atmosphere is an important climate gas because of its absorption of infrared radiation. More knowledge about CO 2 uptake in the ocean is of critical significance in predicting future climate development. For a period of approximately 30 years, radioactive carbon from nuclear tests has been a very useful tracer in CO 2 exchange studies. Up to now, the measurements have been based mainly on the conventional counting technique with large…
A Critical Review of Radiocarbon Dating of a Norse Settlement at L'Anse Aux Meadows, Newfoundland Canada
Recent progress in high-precision calibrations of radiocarbon dates has led to evaluations of earlier research. This has been the case with dates from the Norse settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows which was discovered by Helge Ingstad in 1960. The most problematic feature of this series up to now was the use of sample material which partly derived from driftwood. The present paper concludes that charcoal from this site demonstrated no greater errors…
Atmospheric CO2 Exchange With the Biosphere and the Ocean
We model the exchange of carbon between the different reservoirs (atmosphere, ocean mixed layer, deep ocean and biosphere). The influence of the biosphere is investigated using two extreme assumptions: 1) no net biospheric effect and 2) biospheric uptake of CO 2 proportional to the atmospheric content of CO 2 and time-dependent deforestation. Observations of atmospheric CO 2 at Mauna Loa and the South Pole may be fit by both these assumptions
Δ 13 C and Diet
The relationship between 13 C content of human bone and the marine fraction in the individual diet is well established. In the present investigation human skeletons from inland and coastal areas in Norway were analyzed. Both regional and chronologic differences are revealed, and larger variability than expected at specific sites indicate more complex cultural adaptations than earlier recognized. Extremely high δ 13 C values, comparable with those…
Bomb 14 C in the Ocean Surface 1966–1981
Bomb 14 C has been used as a tracer for CO 2 in ocean surface water to study CO 2 exchange between atmosphere and ocean. Using ordinary cargo ships for sampling, we have been able to cover some parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans for certain periods. A total number of 520 samples from 89 locations were measured during the last 15 years. The data are presented both in tables and graphs. A maximum 14 C concentration (Δ 14 C) of ca 20%…
Tracing bomb 14 C in the atmosphere 1962–1980
When the ever greater series of nuclear tests were exposed to the atmosphere at higher northern latitudes during 1961 and 1962, an attempt was made at this laboratory to trace the distribution of bomb‐produced 14 C down to lower latitudes and into the ocean surface. Several ground level stations were established for this purpose in the early 1960's, from Spitsbergen (78°N) to Madagascar (21°S) Measurements were also gradually extended to the ocea…
The Radon Problem in 14 C Dating
Due to traces of radium and uranium in most 14 C samples, radon appears as a radioactive contamination in the CO 2 prepared by combustion. This contamination must be removed by an active purification prodecure or by storing the CO 2 prior to measurement. No effective electronic discrimination against radon and its daughter elements can be performed. The necessary storage time until radon has decayed varies widely, especially for marine shells. Th…
Transfer of Bomb 14 C to the Ocean Surface
Additional 14 C data from the atmosphere and ocean have been provided since the ninth 14 C conference in 1976. At the moment, one sampling station in the troposphere in each hemisphere seems to give sufficient accuracy for exchange studies. The 14 C concentration in the troposphere in December 1978 constituted a mean value of 30 ± 1 percent (Δ 14 C) above normal level, a concentration that has been reduced to about one half during 12 years. 14 C …
An Analysis of Shielding Efficiency for 14 C Counters
The “shielding” efficiency of the guard counters has been a main scope of the present investigation. Our special guard counters consist of closed shells (ca 3cm thick) filled with propane at 1.2 atmospheres pressure. These guard counters are nearly 100 percent efficient against charged particles, and 1 to 2 percent against gamma and neutrons. The efficiency has now been studied more in detail in an arrangement with four guard shells around a 14 C…
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VIII
Most dates in this list were obtained between 1972 and 1976. Treatment of samples has remained essentially the same as described previously (R, 1975, p 364)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VII
Most dates in this list were obtained in the period 1970 to 1972. Treatment of samples and counting equipment have remained essentially the same as described previously (R, 1972, v 14, p 418–419)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VI
This date list covers most of the datings made during 1968 to 1970. Each sample is measured in one of the two counters described previously (R., 1970, v. 12, p. 205-237)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements IV
This date list covers mainly the datings done in 1962 and 1963 and is therefore a continuation of our last date list (Trondheim III)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements III
This date list covers most of the datings done during the period January 1960 to December 1961
The Discovery of a Norse settlement in America
Comparing Long-Term Atmospheric 14 C and 3 H Records Near Groningen, the Netherlands with Fruholmen, Norway and Izaña, Canary Islands 14 C Stations
We present the results of the 14 CO 2 atmospheric monitoring station at the Smilde observation station, near Groningen, the Netherlands, a typical continental station. We compared these data, for absolute values and annual variation, with data from Fruholmen, Nordkapp, Norway and Izaña, Tenerife, Canary Islands, which are situated in areas less influenced by fossil-fuel CO 2 . The 20-yr Smilde record shows much seasonal variation (peak-to-trough …
Δ 13 C and Diet
The relationship between 13 C content of human bone and the marine fraction in the individual diet is well established. In the present investigation human skeletons from inland and coastal areas in Norway were analyzed. Both regional and chronologic differences are revealed, and larger variability than expected at specific sites indicate more complex cultural adaptations than earlier recognized. Extremely high δ 13 C values, comparable with those…
Further Application of Bomb 14 C as a Tracer in the Atmosphere and Ocean
Bomb 14 C from nuclear tests in the atmosphere has proved to be a particularly useful tool in the study of the carbon cycle. We provide here a ca. 30-yr time series of 14 C concentrations in the atmosphere between 28°N and 71°N and in the ocean surface between 45°S and 45°N. More recently (since 1990), a north-south profile also has been obtained for 14 C in the surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean. The measurements were performed using the conve…
Bomb 14 C in the Ocean Surface 1966–1981
Bomb 14 C has been used as a tracer for CO 2 in ocean surface water to study CO 2 exchange between atmosphere and ocean. Using ordinary cargo ships for sampling, we have been able to cover some parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans for certain periods. A total number of 520 samples from 89 locations were measured during the last 15 years. The data are presented both in tables and graphs. A maximum 14 C concentration (Δ 14 C) of ca 20%…
Transfer of Bomb 14 C to the Ocean Surface
Additional 14 C data from the atmosphere and ocean have been provided since the ninth 14 C conference in 1976. At the moment, one sampling station in the troposphere in each hemisphere seems to give sufficient accuracy for exchange studies. The 14 C concentration in the troposphere in December 1978 constituted a mean value of 30 ± 1 percent (Δ 14 C) above normal level, a concentration that has been reduced to about one half during 12 years. 14 C …
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements IV
This date list covers mainly the datings done in 1962 and 1963 and is therefore a continuation of our last date list (Trondheim III)
The Radon Problem in 14 C Dating
Due to traces of radium and uranium in most 14 C samples, radon appears as a radioactive contamination in the CO 2 prepared by combustion. This contamination must be removed by an active purification prodecure or by storing the CO 2 prior to measurement. No effective electronic discrimination against radon and its daughter elements can be performed. The necessary storage time until radon has decayed varies widely, especially for marine shells. Th…
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements III
This date list covers most of the datings done during the period January 1960 to December 1961
A Time History of Pre- and Post-Bomb Radiocarbon in the Barents Sea Derived from Arcto-Norwegian Cod Otoliths
Radiocarbon measured in seawater dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) can be used to investigate ocean circulation, atmosphere/ocean carbon flux, and provide powerful constraints for the fine-tuning of general circulation models (GCMs). Time series of 14 C in seawater are derived most frequently from annual bands of hermatypic corals. However, this proxy is unavailable in temperate and polar oceans. Fish otoliths, calcium carbonate auditory, and grav…
C Profiles in the Norwegian and Greenland Seas by Conventional and AMS Measurements
CO 2 in the atmosphere is an important climate gas because of its absorption of infrared radiation. More knowledge about CO 2 uptake in the ocean is of critical significance in predicting future climate development. For a period of approximately 30 years, radioactive carbon from nuclear tests has been a very useful tracer in CO 2 exchange studies. Up to now, the measurements have been based mainly on the conventional counting technique with large…
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VII
Most dates in this list were obtained in the period 1970 to 1972. Treatment of samples and counting equipment have remained essentially the same as described previously (R, 1972, v 14, p 418–419)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VI
This date list covers most of the datings made during 1968 to 1970. Each sample is measured in one of the two counters described previously (R., 1970, v. 12, p. 205-237)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VIII
Most dates in this list were obtained between 1972 and 1976. Treatment of samples has remained essentially the same as described previously (R, 1975, p 364)
An Analysis of Shielding Efficiency for 14 C Counters
The “shielding” efficiency of the guard counters has been a main scope of the present investigation. Our special guard counters consist of closed shells (ca 3cm thick) filled with propane at 1.2 atmospheres pressure. These guard counters are nearly 100 percent efficient against charged particles, and 1 to 2 percent against gamma and neutrons. The efficiency has now been studied more in detail in an arrangement with four guard shells around a 14 C…
A Tribute to Minze Stuiver Upon his Retirement
The renowned lab, which Minze founded 29 years ago, will close when he leaves. Throughout his long and produc- tive career, Minze's integrity
Atmospheric CO2 Exchange With the Biosphere and the Ocean
We model the exchange of carbon between the different reservoirs (atmosphere, ocean mixed layer, deep ocean and biosphere). The influence of the biosphere is investigated using two extreme assumptions: 1) no net biospheric effect and 2) biospheric uptake of CO 2 proportional to the atmospheric content of CO 2 and time-dependent deforestation. Observations of atmospheric CO 2 at Mauna Loa and the South Pole may be fit by both these assumptions
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements III
This date list covers most of the datings done during the period January 1960 to December 1961
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements IV
This date list covers mainly the datings done in 1962 and 1963 and is therefore a continuation of our last date list (Trondheim III)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VI
This date list covers most of the datings made during 1968 to 1970. Each sample is measured in one of the two counters described previously (R., 1970, v. 12, p. 205-237)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VII
Most dates in this list were obtained in the period 1970 to 1972. Treatment of samples and counting equipment have remained essentially the same as described previously (R, 1972, v 14, p 418–419)
Trondheim Natural Radiocarbon Measurements VIII
Most dates in this list were obtained between 1972 and 1976. Treatment of samples has remained essentially the same as described previously (R, 1975, p 364)
Transfer of Bomb 14 C to the Ocean Surface
Additional 14 C data from the atmosphere and ocean have been provided since the ninth 14 C conference in 1976. At the moment, one sampling station in the troposphere in each hemisphere seems to give sufficient accuracy for exchange studies. The 14 C concentration in the troposphere in December 1978 constituted a mean value of 30 ± 1 percent (Δ 14 C) above normal level, a concentration that has been reduced to about one half during 12 years. 14 C …
An Analysis of Shielding Efficiency for 14 C Counters
The “shielding” efficiency of the guard counters has been a main scope of the present investigation. Our special guard counters consist of closed shells (ca 3cm thick) filled with propane at 1.2 atmospheres pressure. These guard counters are nearly 100 percent efficient against charged particles, and 1 to 2 percent against gamma and neutrons. The efficiency has now been studied more in detail in an arrangement with four guard shells around a 14 C…
Tracing bomb 14 C in the atmosphere 1962–1980
When the ever greater series of nuclear tests were exposed to the atmosphere at higher northern latitudes during 1961 and 1962, an attempt was made at this laboratory to trace the distribution of bomb‐produced 14 C down to lower latitudes and into the ocean surface. Several ground level stations were established for this purpose in the early 1960's, from Spitsbergen (78°N) to Madagascar (21°S) Measurements were also gradually extended to the ocea…
The Radon Problem in 14 C Dating
Due to traces of radium and uranium in most 14 C samples, radon appears as a radioactive contamination in the CO 2 prepared by combustion. This contamination must be removed by an active purification prodecure or by storing the CO 2 prior to measurement. No effective electronic discrimination against radon and its daughter elements can be performed. The necessary storage time until radon has decayed varies widely, especially for marine shells. Th…
Bomb 14 C in the Ocean Surface 1966–1981
Bomb 14 C has been used as a tracer for CO 2 in ocean surface water to study CO 2 exchange between atmosphere and ocean. Using ordinary cargo ships for sampling, we have been able to cover some parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans for certain periods. A total number of 520 samples from 89 locations were measured during the last 15 years. The data are presented both in tables and graphs. A maximum 14 C concentration (Δ 14 C) of ca 20%…
Δ 13 C and Diet
The relationship between 13 C content of human bone and the marine fraction in the individual diet is well established. In the present investigation human skeletons from inland and coastal areas in Norway were analyzed. Both regional and chronologic differences are revealed, and larger variability than expected at specific sites indicate more complex cultural adaptations than earlier recognized. Extremely high δ 13 C values, comparable with those…
A Critical Review of Radiocarbon Dating of a Norse Settlement at L'Anse Aux Meadows, Newfoundland Canada
Recent progress in high-precision calibrations of radiocarbon dates has led to evaluations of earlier research. This has been the case with dates from the Norse settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows which was discovered by Helge Ingstad in 1960. The most problematic feature of this series up to now was the use of sample material which partly derived from driftwood. The present paper concludes that charcoal from this site demonstrated no greater errors…
Atmospheric CO2 Exchange With the Biosphere and the Ocean
We model the exchange of carbon between the different reservoirs (atmosphere, ocean mixed layer, deep ocean and biosphere). The influence of the biosphere is investigated using two extreme assumptions: 1) no net biospheric effect and 2) biospheric uptake of CO 2 proportional to the atmospheric content of CO 2 and time-dependent deforestation. Observations of atmospheric CO 2 at Mauna Loa and the South Pole may be fit by both these assumptions
C Profiles in the Norwegian and Greenland Seas by Conventional and AMS Measurements
CO 2 in the atmosphere is an important climate gas because of its absorption of infrared radiation. More knowledge about CO 2 uptake in the ocean is of critical significance in predicting future climate development. For a period of approximately 30 years, radioactive carbon from nuclear tests has been a very useful tracer in CO 2 exchange studies. Up to now, the measurements have been based mainly on the conventional counting technique with large…
Comparing Long-Term Atmospheric 14 C and 3 H Records Near Groningen, the Netherlands with Fruholmen, Norway and Izaña, Canary Islands 14 C Stations
We present the results of the 14 CO 2 atmospheric monitoring station at the Smilde observation station, near Groningen, the Netherlands, a typical continental station. We compared these data, for absolute values and annual variation, with data from Fruholmen, Nordkapp, Norway and Izaña, Tenerife, Canary Islands, which are situated in areas less influenced by fossil-fuel CO 2 . The 20-yr Smilde record shows much seasonal variation (peak-to-trough …
Further Application of Bomb 14 C as a Tracer in the Atmosphere and Ocean
Bomb 14 C from nuclear tests in the atmosphere has proved to be a particularly useful tool in the study of the carbon cycle. We provide here a ca. 30-yr time series of 14 C concentrations in the atmosphere between 28°N and 71°N and in the ocean surface between 45°S and 45°N. More recently (since 1990), a north-south profile also has been obtained for 14 C in the surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean. The measurements were performed using the conve…
A Tribute to Minze Stuiver Upon his Retirement
The renowned lab, which Minze founded 29 years ago, will close when he leaves. Throughout his long and produc- tive career, Minze's integrity
A Time History of Pre- and Post-Bomb Radiocarbon in the Barents Sea Derived from Arcto-Norwegian Cod Otoliths
Radiocarbon measured in seawater dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) can be used to investigate ocean circulation, atmosphere/ocean carbon flux, and provide powerful constraints for the fine-tuning of general circulation models (GCMs). Time series of 14 C in seawater are derived most frequently from annual bands of hermatypic corals. However, this proxy is unavailable in temperate and polar oceans. Fish otoliths, calcium carbonate auditory, and grav…
The Discovery of a Norse settlement in America
Geology (16 obras) · Geography (14 obras) · Radiocarbon dating (14 obras) · Archaeology (9 obras) · Environmental Science (9 obras) · Paleontology (8 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (7 obras) · Atmospheric sciences (7 obras) · Chemistry (7 obras) · Physics (7 obras)