Evan Simpson
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 5722646 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Evan Simpson |
| PRENOMES | Evan |
| SOBRENOME | Simpson |
| ASSINATURA | SIMPSON E |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Memorial University of Newfoundland |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8820-0722 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 19 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 2 |
| OBRAS COMO AUTOR | 19 |
| OBRAS COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1971 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2016 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
Caregiver perceptions and utilization of oral rehydration solution and other treatments for diarrhea among young children in Burkina Faso
BACKGROUND: More than 500 000 young children die from dehydration caused by severe diarrhea each year, globally. Although routine use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) could prevent almost all of these deaths, ORS utilization remains low in many low-income countries. Previous research has suggested that misperceptions among caregivers may be an obstacle to wider use of ORS. METHODS: To better understand the extent of ORS utilization and the reas…
Survey of caregivers in Kenya to assess perceptions of zinc as a treatment for diarrhea in young children and adherence to recommended treatment behaviors
BACKGROUND: In 2004, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) revised their recommendations for management of acute diarrhea in children to include zinc treatment as well as oral rehydration solution (ORS). Little is known about how caregivers in low-resource settings perceive and use zinc treatment. METHODS: Using a semi-structured quantitative survey, we interviewed Kenyan caregivers who had used zinc …
Global action plan for childhood diarrhoea
BACKGROUND: Childhood diarrhoea remains a major public health problem responsible for the deaths of approximately 800 000 children annually, worldwide. The present study was undertaken to further define research priorities for the prevention and treatment of diarrhoea in low and middle income countries. We used the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) process for defining research priorities. This provided a transparent, systema…
Treatment of diarrhea in young children
BACKGROUND: Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five. Although oral rehydration solution (ORS) has tremendous therapeutic benefits, coverage of and demand for this product have remained low in many developing countries. This study surveyed caregivers and health care providers in India and Kenya to gather information about perceptions and use of various diarrhea treatments, assess reasons for low OR…
Practical Reasonableness
This essay develops James Lenman's view that ''moral inquiry is politics.'' 1 Unlike empirical investigation, moral inquiry is not connected with a domain of facts that exist independently of the inquiry and help explain its success. It is outward looking -your thought that slavery is wrong is not a thought about you -but confident moral beliefs are not best understood as receptivity to moral aspects of the world. Rather, they come from successfu…
Practical Reasonableness
Practical reasoning often aims at demonstrable knowledge. Instrumental reasoning in particular seeks to determine that certain actions are effective means to some end in view. In this respect it is like scientific deliberation, which may begin in uncertainty or disagreement about where the truth resides, but resolution should be possible when the evidence has been collected and empirically assessed. Global warming is now a generally accepted fact…
Emile’s Moral Development
This discussion uses Rousseau’s Emile to explicate Kohlberg’s characterization of moral development and to illuminate several theoretical problems for Kohlberg’s cognitive-developmental account. Their writings display remarkable similarities in the descriptions they give of moral growth, but they also reveal important disagreements about the relation of affect and cognition, the role of affect in development, the process of differentiation betwee…
The Development of Political Reasoning
This discussion explores a striking correspondence between conservative, liberal, and egalitarian political attitudes and the three upper stages in Kohlberg’s schema of moral development. In the context of cognitive-developmental theory, the correspondence entails that political ideologies can be ranked in order of cognitive adequacy, but analysis of the evidence uncovers only ‘soft’ political stages. The success of Habermas’s alternative attempt…
Use of formative research in developing a knowledge translation approach to rotavirus vaccine introduction in developing countries
In the poorest countries, advocacy and communication efforts to raise awareness about rotavirus sufficient for prioritization and accelerated vaccine introduction might benefit from a knowledge translation approach that delivers information and evidence about rotavirus through the broader context of diarrheal disease control, an existing priority, and including information about other new interventions, specifically low-osmolarity oral rehydratio…
The Right to Life after Death
Imagining a future world in which people no longer die provides a helpful tool for understanding our present ethical views. It becomes evident that the cardinal virtues of prudence, temperance, and courage are options for reasonable people rather than rational requirements. On the assumption that the medical means to immortality are not universally available, even justice becomes detached from theories that tie the supposed virtue to the protecti…
Responsibilities for Hateful Speech
This essay consolidates some fragments of the contemporary theory of expressive freedoms, bringing together scattered conceptual distinctions (e.g., hurting and harming, tolerating and legitimating) and moves (e.g., the need to rectify hateful speech and to constrain harmful actions legally) into an account that is sensitive to the needs of abused groups but faithful to the libertarian tradition associated with Mill's harm principle. Accepting th…
Identifying strategies to improve access to credible and relevant information for public health professionals
Many critical information needs of PH practitioners are not being met efficiently or at all. We propose a dual strategy of: 1) promoting incremental improvements in existing information delivery systems based on the expressed preferences of the PH users of the systems and 2) the concurrent development and rigorous evaluation of new models of information organization and delivery that draw on successful resources already operating to deliver infor…
The Leadership of Service
The Faculty of the Future
Between Internalism and Externalism in Ethics
If internalism in ethics is correct, then moral beliefs necessarily motivate. Externalism rejects this thesis, holding that the relationship between beliefs and motives is only contingent. The position I develop is that both views are false. By defining a logical relationship between moral beliefs and motives that is weaker than logical necessitation, it is possible to maintain (contrary to internalism) that beliefs may occur without motives, but…
Marxism and Moralism
Moral philosophers continue to divide on the conundrum of Marx and morality — how a ferocious moral critic of nineteenth-century capitalism could also denounce morality as an ideological snare and delusion. In Marxism and the Moral Point of View , Kai Nielsen brings together many years of thought on both terms of the question, rightly seeking a balance between Marx's moralism and Marx's anti-moralism
Moral Conservatism
The study of ethics has recently become influenced by a form of moral conservatism—a critique of “modernity” with a bias towards Aristotle. It stresses the integrity of communities and their customs, a pluralistic and particularistic respect for the diversity of human groups, the poverty of utopianism and Marxism, and the inevitability of moral and political conflict. Each stress raises major issues: the priority of social goods over human rights…
The Priority of Needs over Wants
On the Assertion of Philosophical Doubt
Despite impressive evidence to the contrary, there remains nagging doubt that between language and the world there is sufficient cleavage for philosophical doubt to slip in. The apparent incommensurability of reality and knowledge of it has, indeed, a certain quasi-logical foundation which it is interesting to explore
On the Assertion of Philosophical Doubt
Despite impressive evidence to the contrary, there remains nagging doubt that between language and the world there is sufficient cleavage for philosophical doubt to slip in. The apparent incommensurability of reality and knowledge of it has, indeed, a certain quasi-logical foundation which it is interesting to explore
The Priority of Needs over Wants
Moral Conservatism
The study of ethics has recently become influenced by a form of moral conservatism—a critique of “modernity” with a bias towards Aristotle. It stresses the integrity of communities and their customs, a pluralistic and particularistic respect for the diversity of human groups, the poverty of utopianism and Marxism, and the inevitability of moral and political conflict. Each stress raises major issues: the priority of social goods over human rights…
Marxism and Moralism
Moral philosophers continue to divide on the conundrum of Marx and morality — how a ferocious moral critic of nineteenth-century capitalism could also denounce morality as an ideological snare and delusion. In Marxism and the Moral Point of View , Kai Nielsen brings together many years of thought on both terms of the question, rightly seeking a balance between Marx's moralism and Marx's anti-moralism
Between Internalism and Externalism in Ethics
If internalism in ethics is correct, then moral beliefs necessarily motivate. Externalism rejects this thesis, holding that the relationship between beliefs and motives is only contingent. The position I develop is that both views are false. By defining a logical relationship between moral beliefs and motives that is weaker than logical necessitation, it is possible to maintain (contrary to internalism) that beliefs may occur without motives, but…
The Faculty of the Future
The Leadership of Service
Responsibilities for Hateful Speech
This essay consolidates some fragments of the contemporary theory of expressive freedoms, bringing together scattered conceptual distinctions (e.g., hurting and harming, tolerating and legitimating) and moves (e.g., the need to rectify hateful speech and to constrain harmful actions legally) into an account that is sensitive to the needs of abused groups but faithful to the libertarian tradition associated with Mill's harm principle. Accepting th…
Identifying strategies to improve access to credible and relevant information for public health professionals
Many critical information needs of PH practitioners are not being met efficiently or at all. We propose a dual strategy of: 1) promoting incremental improvements in existing information delivery systems based on the expressed preferences of the PH users of the systems and 2) the concurrent development and rigorous evaluation of new models of information organization and delivery that draw on successful resources already operating to deliver infor…
Use of formative research in developing a knowledge translation approach to rotavirus vaccine introduction in developing countries
In the poorest countries, advocacy and communication efforts to raise awareness about rotavirus sufficient for prioritization and accelerated vaccine introduction might benefit from a knowledge translation approach that delivers information and evidence about rotavirus through the broader context of diarrheal disease control, an existing priority, and including information about other new interventions, specifically low-osmolarity oral rehydratio…
The Right to Life after Death
Imagining a future world in which people no longer die provides a helpful tool for understanding our present ethical views. It becomes evident that the cardinal virtues of prudence, temperance, and courage are options for reasonable people rather than rational requirements. On the assumption that the medical means to immortality are not universally available, even justice becomes detached from theories that tie the supposed virtue to the protecti…
Emile’s Moral Development
This discussion uses Rousseau’s Emile to explicate Kohlberg’s characterization of moral development and to illuminate several theoretical problems for Kohlberg’s cognitive-developmental account. Their writings display remarkable similarities in the descriptions they give of moral growth, but they also reveal important disagreements about the relation of affect and cognition, the role of affect in development, the process of differentiation betwee…
The Development of Political Reasoning
This discussion explores a striking correspondence between conservative, liberal, and egalitarian political attitudes and the three upper stages in Kohlberg’s schema of moral development. In the context of cognitive-developmental theory, the correspondence entails that political ideologies can be ranked in order of cognitive adequacy, but analysis of the evidence uncovers only ‘soft’ political stages. The success of Habermas’s alternative attempt…
Survey of caregivers in Kenya to assess perceptions of zinc as a treatment for diarrhea in young children and adherence to recommended treatment behaviors
BACKGROUND: In 2004, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) revised their recommendations for management of acute diarrhea in children to include zinc treatment as well as oral rehydration solution (ORS). Little is known about how caregivers in low-resource settings perceive and use zinc treatment. METHODS: Using a semi-structured quantitative survey, we interviewed Kenyan caregivers who had used zinc …
Global action plan for childhood diarrhoea
BACKGROUND: Childhood diarrhoea remains a major public health problem responsible for the deaths of approximately 800 000 children annually, worldwide. The present study was undertaken to further define research priorities for the prevention and treatment of diarrhoea in low and middle income countries. We used the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) process for defining research priorities. This provided a transparent, systema…
Treatment of diarrhea in young children
BACKGROUND: Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five. Although oral rehydration solution (ORS) has tremendous therapeutic benefits, coverage of and demand for this product have remained low in many developing countries. This study surveyed caregivers and health care providers in India and Kenya to gather information about perceptions and use of various diarrhea treatments, assess reasons for low OR…
Practical Reasonableness
This essay develops James Lenman's view that ''moral inquiry is politics.'' 1 Unlike empirical investigation, moral inquiry is not connected with a domain of facts that exist independently of the inquiry and help explain its success. It is outward looking -your thought that slavery is wrong is not a thought about you -but confident moral beliefs are not best understood as receptivity to moral aspects of the world. Rather, they come from successfu…
Practical Reasonableness
Practical reasoning often aims at demonstrable knowledge. Instrumental reasoning in particular seeks to determine that certain actions are effective means to some end in view. In this respect it is like scientific deliberation, which may begin in uncertainty or disagreement about where the truth resides, but resolution should be possible when the evidence has been collected and empirically assessed. Global warming is now a generally accepted fact…
Caregiver perceptions and utilization of oral rehydration solution and other treatments for diarrhea among young children in Burkina Faso
BACKGROUND: More than 500 000 young children die from dehydration caused by severe diarrhea each year, globally. Although routine use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) could prevent almost all of these deaths, ORS utilization remains low in many low-income countries. Previous research has suggested that misperceptions among caregivers may be an obstacle to wider use of ORS. METHODS: To better understand the extent of ORS utilization and the reas…
Philosophy (11 obras) · Political science (11 obras) · Sociology (11 obras) · Epistemology (10 obras) · Law (8 obras) · Psychology (8 obras) · Medicine (6 obras) · Politics (6 obras) · Diarrhea (4 obras) · Environmental ethics (4 obras)