Ethan E Cochrane
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 627967 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ethan E Cochrane |
| PRENOMES | Ethan E |
| SOBRENOME | Cochrane |
| ASSINATURA | COCHRANE E E |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Auckland |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9027-0634 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 35 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 329 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 32 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 3 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2002 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
A transmissão cultural de grupos associados à tradição Tupiguarani explicada através da cladística
Métodos provindos da Biologia Evolutiva vêm sendo aplicados à Arqueologia para compreender mudanças culturais. Este estudo utilizou a cladística para analisar 523 atributos cerâmicos de catorze sítios Tupiguarani em São Paulo, investigando padrões de transmissão e dispersão cultural. A análise de máxima parcimônia, associada ao Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), ou Ordenação Multivariada Não-Métrica, revelou agrupamentos regionais, disti…
Local isotopic ecologies matter in the Pacific
The use of stable isotope analysis (SIA) has contributed significantly to our understanding of the diets of people who lived in Oceania in the past. While this work has relied extensively on Pacific-wide baselines, in this study, we demonstrate the importance of understanding local isotopic ecologies for the application of SIA to the interpretation of past human diets across the Pacific Islands. We expand on previous isotopic analysis from Waya I…
Assessing settlement diversity in Sāmoa
The structure of human settlement is impacted by, and impacts notions of, territoriality and cooperation. These social dynamics intersect with environmental variability to produce patterns in the archaeological record. Given the substantial environmental variation that exists within individual archipelagos, we should expect variation in human settlement structure at that scale of analysis, with important implications for the political and social …
Evaluating Mask R‐CNN models to extract terracing across oceanic high islands
Lidar datasets have been crucial for documenting the scale and nature of human ecosystem engineering and land use. Automated analysis methods, which have been rising in popularity and efficiency, allow for systematic evaluations of vast landscapes. Here, we use a Mask R‐CNN deep learning model to evaluate terracing—artificially flattened areas surrounded by steeper slopes—on islands in American Sāmoa. Mask R‐CNN is notable for its ability to simu…
Global Patterns in Island Colonization during the Holocene
Analysis of the spatial and temporal structure of global island colonization allows us to frame the extent of insular human cultural diversity, model the impact of common environmental factors cross-culturally, and understand the contribution of island maritime societies to big historical processes. No such analysis has, however, been undertaken since the 1980s. In this paper we review and update global patterns in island colonization, synthesizi…
Costly signalling and the distribution of monumental mounds in Savai‘i and ‘Upolu, Sāmoa
Monumental architecture has long been a focus of archaeological research. The construction of large and elaborate structures is a costly endeavour, which may seem to have little immediate benefit. Costly signalling is one explanation which can be applied to this problem by determining the contexts in which monument construction would carry a selective advantage. This study investigates stone and earthen mounds and platforms from Savai‘i and ‘Upol…
Hypotheses to explain the few early coastal archaeological deposits in Sāmoa
The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania
The prehistory of Oceania begins with the occupation of New Guinea over 50,000 years ago, up to the settlement of Aotearoa/New Zealand in the last 700 years. The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania presents this history in regional overviews and debates through 21 chapters by leading archaeologists and scholars of allied fields. Chapters present the latest findings and future research directions on the New Guinea region and archipelagos from V…
The prevalence and importance of niche construction in agricultural development in Polynesia
LiDAR Imagery Confirms Extensive Interior Land-Use on Tutuila, American Sāmoa
Analysis of LiDAR imagery for Tutuila, American Sāmoa, confirms extensive modification of the interior landscape.Using both field-generated maps and feature descriptions as a guide, we identify numerous terraces and other probablefeature types in LiDAR images for three areas of Tutuila. Our results are applicable across the island
The Sāmoa Archaeological Geospatial Database
Jeff Clark's archaeological research on Eastern Tutuila Island provided the first regional scale settlement pattern data in American Samoa that could be meaningfully compared to earlier data drawn from projects on the archipelago's western islands, Savaiʻi and ʻUpolu. Building on Clark's work, in this paper we generate a spatial and temporal geodatabase incorporating 900 archaeological sites and 520 age estimates spanning the entirety of the Sāmo…
Coastal plain stratigraphy records tectonic, environmental, and human habitability changes related to sea-level drawdown, ‘Upolu, Sāmoa
Coastal plain stratigraphy is often over looked in paleo–sea-level reconstructions because carbonate sediments do not precisely constrain former sea level. Pacific Island sedimentology provides an invaluable record of geomorphic and environmental consequences of coastal evolution in response to changes in sea level and local tectonics. A series of coastal auger cores obtained from eastern ʻUpolu reveal a subsurface carbonate sand envelope predomi…
Pre-Contact Samoan Cultivation Practices in Regional and Theoretical Perspective
Most pre-European Polynesian societies were supported by intensive and elaborate cultivation systems. These systems were at the core of human adaptation and political maneuvering, being intimately tied to both the physical and cultural environment. However, our understanding of the development of and variation within Polynesian cultivation systems has been restricted by a lack of knowledge and discussion of key archipelagoes. One such archipelago…
The Evolution of Migration
Archaeological and sedimentological data indicate Lapita settlement on a newly formed coastal plain
The timing and choice of initial settlement location are examined on the small island of Tavua in Fiji’s Mamanuca Group. The mid- to late-Holocene sea-level retreat influenced the island’s coastal landforms through the acceleration of coastal progradation and the production of habitable land. Archaeological, sedimentological, and chronological data are integrated to better understand the island’s settlement and geomorphological history. These dat…
Archaeological and Palaeoenviromental Investigations Near Aitape, Northern Papua New Guinea, 2014
The mid-Holocene period (ca. 7000–3000 BP) in the southwestern Pacific witnessed the activation of wide-ranging networks connecting the north coast of New Guinea and off-shore islands, possibly driven by rising population density as favourable coastal environments developed after the mid-Holocene marine highstand. Yet finding actual evidence for human occupation dating to this period in New Guinea has proven extremely challenging. We report on th…
Sāmoan artefact provenance reveals limited artefact transfer within and beyond the archipelago
We summarise previous provenance research of Sāmoan lithic and ceramic artefacts, noting the timing and relative frequency of artefact transfers. Our summary suggests few intra‐ and extra‐archipelago artefact transfers for the first two millennia, but that these modestly increased in the last 800 years of the prehistoric sequence. The late distribution of Sāmoan basalt around the Pacific was spatially expansive, but proportionally small. These re…
The evolution of inequality
Understanding how systems of political and economic inequality evolved from relatively egalitarian origins has long been a focus of anthropological inquiry. Many hypotheses have been suggested to link socio-ecological features with the rise and spread of inequality, and empirical tests of these hypotheses in prehistoric and extant societies are increasing. In this review, we synthesize several streams of theory relevant to understanding the evolu…
Phylogenetic analysis of Polynesian ritual architecture suggests extensive cultural sharing and innovation
Ritual architecture across Polynesia displays similarities that are evidence of populations' shared ancestry and interaction. Examination of ritual architecture traits—the design of courtyards, the use of uprights and sacrificial pits, the placement of walls and altars—has, for well over a century, contributed to hypotheses concerning the relatedness of different Polynesian groups and the transmission of ritual behaviours across islands and archi…
Lack of suitable coastal plains likely influenced Lapita (~2800 cal. BP) settlement of Sāmoa
Between 3050 and 2700 years ago, humans first colonized the islands of south-west Remote Oceania, a region stretching from Vanuatu to Sāmoa. These colonists created a dense archaeological record of Lapita pottery and other artefacts on island coastlines across the region. There is one striking exception to this pattern: Sāmoa, with only a single Lapita pottery colonization site dating to approximately 2800 years ago. There are two competing expla…
New Guinea
New Guinea, inhabited for approximately 50,000 years, has been the focus of far less archaeological research compared to Australia and Polynesia, to the south and east, respectively. However, the archaeology of this island is significant to perennial archaeological topics including the development of agriculture and social complexity, the explanation and effects of human interaction, the archaeological relevance of paleoenvironmental research, an…
The "Austronesian" Dispersal in Island Southeast Asia
The dispersal of Austronesian-speaking farmer-voyagers from Taiwan into Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) and out into the Pacific is one of the great metanarratives of global history. In this chapter, the major lines of multidisciplinary evidence for the "Austronesian" dispersal into ISEA are critically evaluated. Several key points emerge: usage of the term "Austronesian" should be restricted to languages and not be applied to genetic attributes or …
Plainware ceramics from Sāmoa
Human cultural diversity in prehistoric Fiji
Remote islands and their human, animal and plant populations have long fascinated archaeologists, biologists and geographers. In this article, the chronology, diversity and interactions of human cultures in some small islands of the Fiji archipelago are explored, particularly through the application of sophisticated chemical analyses of the composition of prehistoric pottery
How is visibility important for defence? A GIS analysis of sites in the western Fijian Islands
The analysis of defensive or fortified archaeological sites in the Pacific has a long history, with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approaches applied with increasing frequency. Much of the recent GIS‐based research has emphasized views to and from defensive sites and site location relative to resources such as agricultural land. We add to this growing body of research with analyses of defensive sites in the western islands of Fiji. Our work…
New Guinea
New Guinea, inhabited for approximately 50,000 years, has been the focus of far less archaeological research compared to Australia and Polynesia, to the south and east, respectively. However, the archaeology of this island is significant to perennial archaeological topics including the development of agriculture and social complexity, the explanation and effects of human interaction, the archaeological relevance of paleoenvironmental research, an…
The evolution of inequality
Understanding how systems of political and economic inequality evolved from relatively egalitarian origins has long been a focus of anthropological inquiry. Many hypotheses have been suggested to link socio-ecological features with the rise and spread of inequality, and empirical tests of these hypotheses in prehistoric and extant societies are increasing. In this review, we synthesize several streams of theory relevant to understanding the evolu…
Dietary change in Fijian prehistory
Investigating compositional diversity among Fijian ceramics with laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)
Investigating shellfish deposition and landscape history at the Natia Beach site, Fiji
How is visibility important for defence? A GIS analysis of sites in the western Fijian Islands
The analysis of defensive or fortified archaeological sites in the Pacific has a long history, with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approaches applied with increasing frequency. Much of the recent GIS‐based research has emphasized views to and from defensive sites and site location relative to resources such as agricultural land. We add to this growing body of research with analyses of defensive sites in the western islands of Fiji. Our work…
Lack of suitable coastal plains likely influenced Lapita (~2800 cal. BP) settlement of Sāmoa
Between 3050 and 2700 years ago, humans first colonized the islands of south-west Remote Oceania, a region stretching from Vanuatu to Sāmoa. These colonists created a dense archaeological record of Lapita pottery and other artefacts on island coastlines across the region. There is one striking exception to this pattern: Sāmoa, with only a single Lapita pottery colonization site dating to approximately 2800 years ago. There are two competing expla…
Sāmoan artefact provenance reveals limited artefact transfer within and beyond the archipelago
We summarise previous provenance research of Sāmoan lithic and ceramic artefacts, noting the timing and relative frequency of artefact transfers. Our summary suggests few intra‐ and extra‐archipelago artefact transfers for the first two millennia, but that these modestly increased in the last 800 years of the prehistoric sequence. The late distribution of Sāmoan basalt around the Pacific was spatially expansive, but proportionally small. These re…
Explaining the prehistory of ceramic technology on Waya Island, Fiji
This preliminary analysis of ceramic technological change on Waya Island, Fiji documents the variation present over three thousand years of innovation, interaction, and change. Hypotheses relating the observed variation in sherd thickness, tempering practices, and vessel type diversity are proposed. These hypotheses may be tested through experimental and other analyses that are briefly described here. Finally, these hypotheses and their tests are…
Global Patterns in Island Colonization during the Holocene
Analysis of the spatial and temporal structure of global island colonization allows us to frame the extent of insular human cultural diversity, model the impact of common environmental factors cross-culturally, and understand the contribution of island maritime societies to big historical processes. No such analysis has, however, been undertaken since the 1980s. In this paper we review and update global patterns in island colonization, synthesizi…
Culturally modified human remains recovered from an earth‐oven interment on Waya Island, Fiji
The incomplete skeletal remains of a young adolescent (10–12 years of age) were recovered from the uppermost layer of an earth‐oven at the Qaranicagi Site (Y2‐39), Waya Island, Fiji. Analysis of the remains revealed minimal fire or heat alteration. Cut marks are distributed across several elements and suggest at least partial butchering of the individual
Costly signalling and the distribution of monumental mounds in Savai‘i and ‘Upolu, Sāmoa
Monumental architecture has long been a focus of archaeological research. The construction of large and elaborate structures is a costly endeavour, which may seem to have little immediate benefit. Costly signalling is one explanation which can be applied to this problem by determining the contexts in which monument construction would carry a selective advantage. This study investigates stone and earthen mounds and platforms from Savai‘i and ‘Upol…
The Evolution of Migration
Cultural Modifications in an Adolescent Earth-Oven Interment from Fiji
The incomplete skeletal remains of a young adolescent (10–12 years of age) recovered from the surface of an earth-oven in Qaranicagi Cave, Site Y2–39, Waya Island, Fiji are used to explore mortuary practices in these islands. Mortuary practices in Fiji are documented in explorer and missionary accounts, and a limited number of excavated burials. Additionally, cannibalism is ethnographically and archaeologically known in the region. Cannibalism ap…
Pre-Contact Samoan Cultivation Practices in Regional and Theoretical Perspective
Most pre-European Polynesian societies were supported by intensive and elaborate cultivation systems. These systems were at the core of human adaptation and political maneuvering, being intimately tied to both the physical and cultural environment. However, our understanding of the development of and variation within Polynesian cultivation systems has been restricted by a lack of knowledge and discussion of key archipelagoes. One such archipelago…
Evaluating Mask R‐CNN models to extract terracing across oceanic high islands
Lidar datasets have been crucial for documenting the scale and nature of human ecosystem engineering and land use. Automated analysis methods, which have been rising in popularity and efficiency, allow for systematic evaluations of vast landscapes. Here, we use a Mask R‐CNN deep learning model to evaluate terracing—artificially flattened areas surrounded by steeper slopes—on islands in American Sāmoa. Mask R‐CNN is notable for its ability to simu…
The Sāmoa Archaeological Geospatial Database
Jeff Clark's archaeological research on Eastern Tutuila Island provided the first regional scale settlement pattern data in American Samoa that could be meaningfully compared to earlier data drawn from projects on the archipelago's western islands, Savaiʻi and ʻUpolu. Building on Clark's work, in this paper we generate a spatial and temporal geodatabase incorporating 900 archaeological sites and 520 age estimates spanning the entirety of the Sāmo…
Archaeological and sedimentological data indicate Lapita settlement on a newly formed coastal plain
The timing and choice of initial settlement location are examined on the small island of Tavua in Fiji’s Mamanuca Group. The mid- to late-Holocene sea-level retreat influenced the island’s coastal landforms through the acceleration of coastal progradation and the production of habitable land. Archaeological, sedimentological, and chronological data are integrated to better understand the island’s settlement and geomorphological history. These dat…
The "Austronesian" Dispersal in Island Southeast Asia
The dispersal of Austronesian-speaking farmer-voyagers from Taiwan into Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) and out into the Pacific is one of the great metanarratives of global history. In this chapter, the major lines of multidisciplinary evidence for the "Austronesian" dispersal into ISEA are critically evaluated. Several key points emerge: usage of the term "Austronesian" should be restricted to languages and not be applied to genetic attributes or …
Lapita and Later Archaeology of the Malolo and Mamanuca Islands, Fiji
AM - Accepted Manuscript
Explaining the prehistory of ceramic technology on Waya Island, Fiji
This preliminary analysis of ceramic technological change on Waya Island, Fiji documents the variation present over three thousand years of innovation, interaction, and change. Hypotheses relating the observed variation in sherd thickness, tempering practices, and vessel type diversity are proposed. These hypotheses may be tested through experimental and other analyses that are briefly described here. Finally, these hypotheses and their tests are…
Culturally modified human remains recovered from an earth‐oven interment on Waya Island, Fiji
The incomplete skeletal remains of a young adolescent (10–12 years of age) were recovered from the uppermost layer of an earth‐oven at the Qaranicagi Site (Y2‐39), Waya Island, Fiji. Analysis of the remains revealed minimal fire or heat alteration. Cut marks are distributed across several elements and suggest at least partial butchering of the individual
Human cultural diversity in prehistoric Fiji
Investigating compositional diversity among Fijian ceramics with laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)
Pacific Archaeology
Reviewed by: Pacific Archaeology: Assessments and Prospects Ethan E. Cochrane Pacific Archaeology: Assessments and Prospects (Proceedings of the International Conference for the 50th anniversary of the First Lapita Excavation, Koné-Nouméa 2002). Christophe Sand, ed. Les Cahiers de l'Archaéologie en Nouvelle Calédonie, vol. 15. Nouméa: Service des Musées et du Patrimonie de Nouvelle-Calédonie, 2003. Cloth, 396 pp. ISBN 2-9519208-1-4. The fiftieth …
Cultural Modifications in an Adolescent Earth-Oven Interment from Fiji
The incomplete skeletal remains of a young adolescent (10–12 years of age) recovered from the surface of an earth-oven in Qaranicagi Cave, Site Y2–39, Waya Island, Fiji are used to explore mortuary practices in these islands. Mortuary practices in Fiji are documented in explorer and missionary accounts, and a limited number of excavated burials. Additionally, cannibalism is ethnographically and archaeologically known in the region. Cannibalism ap…
Lapita and Later Archaeology of the Malolo and Mamanuca Islands, Fiji
AM - Accepted Manuscript
Investigating shellfish deposition and landscape history at the Natia Beach site, Fiji
Dietary change in Fijian prehistory
New Evidence for Variation in Colonisation, Cultural Transmission, and Subsistence from Lapita (2900 BP) to the Historic Period in Southwest Fiji
Fiji was colonised approximately 3000 BP by populations with intricately decorated Lapita pottery. At nearly the same time, culturally related populations also colonised nearby Tonga and Samoa and the archaeology of each archipelago indicates continued contact, but also cultural divergence over time. Previous research in the far western islands of Fiji has also identified late Lapita colonisation deposits and subsequent cultural changes that have…
How is visibility important for defence? A GIS analysis of sites in the western Fijian Islands
The analysis of defensive or fortified archaeological sites in the Pacific has a long history, with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) approaches applied with increasing frequency. Much of the recent GIS‐based research has emphasized views to and from defensive sites and site location relative to resources such as agricultural land. We add to this growing body of research with analyses of defensive sites in the western islands of Fiji. Our work…
Human cultural diversity in prehistoric Fiji
Remote islands and their human, animal and plant populations have long fascinated archaeologists, biologists and geographers. In this article, the chronology, diversity and interactions of human cultures in some small islands of the Fiji archipelago are explored, particularly through the application of sophisticated chemical analyses of the composition of prehistoric pottery
Plainware ceramics from Sāmoa
New Guinea
New Guinea, inhabited for approximately 50,000 years, has been the focus of far less archaeological research compared to Australia and Polynesia, to the south and east, respectively. However, the archaeology of this island is significant to perennial archaeological topics including the development of agriculture and social complexity, the explanation and effects of human interaction, the archaeological relevance of paleoenvironmental research, an…
The "Austronesian" Dispersal in Island Southeast Asia
The dispersal of Austronesian-speaking farmer-voyagers from Taiwan into Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) and out into the Pacific is one of the great metanarratives of global history. In this chapter, the major lines of multidisciplinary evidence for the "Austronesian" dispersal into ISEA are critically evaluated. Several key points emerge: usage of the term "Austronesian" should be restricted to languages and not be applied to genetic attributes or …
Phylogenetic analysis of Polynesian ritual architecture suggests extensive cultural sharing and innovation
Ritual architecture across Polynesia displays similarities that are evidence of populations' shared ancestry and interaction. Examination of ritual architecture traits—the design of courtyards, the use of uprights and sacrificial pits, the placement of walls and altars—has, for well over a century, contributed to hypotheses concerning the relatedness of different Polynesian groups and the transmission of ritual behaviours across islands and archi…
Lack of suitable coastal plains likely influenced Lapita (~2800 cal. BP) settlement of Sāmoa
Between 3050 and 2700 years ago, humans first colonized the islands of south-west Remote Oceania, a region stretching from Vanuatu to Sāmoa. These colonists created a dense archaeological record of Lapita pottery and other artefacts on island coastlines across the region. There is one striking exception to this pattern: Sāmoa, with only a single Lapita pottery colonization site dating to approximately 2800 years ago. There are two competing expla…
Archaeological and Palaeoenviromental Investigations Near Aitape, Northern Papua New Guinea, 2014
The mid-Holocene period (ca. 7000–3000 BP) in the southwestern Pacific witnessed the activation of wide-ranging networks connecting the north coast of New Guinea and off-shore islands, possibly driven by rising population density as favourable coastal environments developed after the mid-Holocene marine highstand. Yet finding actual evidence for human occupation dating to this period in New Guinea has proven extremely challenging. We report on th…
Sāmoan artefact provenance reveals limited artefact transfer within and beyond the archipelago
We summarise previous provenance research of Sāmoan lithic and ceramic artefacts, noting the timing and relative frequency of artefact transfers. Our summary suggests few intra‐ and extra‐archipelago artefact transfers for the first two millennia, but that these modestly increased in the last 800 years of the prehistoric sequence. The late distribution of Sāmoan basalt around the Pacific was spatially expansive, but proportionally small. These re…
The evolution of inequality
Understanding how systems of political and economic inequality evolved from relatively egalitarian origins has long been a focus of anthropological inquiry. Many hypotheses have been suggested to link socio-ecological features with the rise and spread of inequality, and empirical tests of these hypotheses in prehistoric and extant societies are increasing. In this review, we synthesize several streams of theory relevant to understanding the evolu…
Coastal plain stratigraphy records tectonic, environmental, and human habitability changes related to sea-level drawdown, ‘Upolu, Sāmoa
Coastal plain stratigraphy is often over looked in paleo–sea-level reconstructions because carbonate sediments do not precisely constrain former sea level. Pacific Island sedimentology provides an invaluable record of geomorphic and environmental consequences of coastal evolution in response to changes in sea level and local tectonics. A series of coastal auger cores obtained from eastern ʻUpolu reveal a subsurface carbonate sand envelope predomi…
Pre-Contact Samoan Cultivation Practices in Regional and Theoretical Perspective
Most pre-European Polynesian societies were supported by intensive and elaborate cultivation systems. These systems were at the core of human adaptation and political maneuvering, being intimately tied to both the physical and cultural environment. However, our understanding of the development of and variation within Polynesian cultivation systems has been restricted by a lack of knowledge and discussion of key archipelagoes. One such archipelago…
The Evolution of Migration
Archaeological and sedimentological data indicate Lapita settlement on a newly formed coastal plain
The timing and choice of initial settlement location are examined on the small island of Tavua in Fiji’s Mamanuca Group. The mid- to late-Holocene sea-level retreat influenced the island’s coastal landforms through the acceleration of coastal progradation and the production of habitable land. Archaeological, sedimentological, and chronological data are integrated to better understand the island’s settlement and geomorphological history. These dat…
The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania
The prehistory of Oceania begins with the occupation of New Guinea over 50,000 years ago, up to the settlement of Aotearoa/New Zealand in the last 700 years. The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania presents this history in regional overviews and debates through 21 chapters by leading archaeologists and scholars of allied fields. Chapters present the latest findings and future research directions on the New Guinea region and archipelagos from V…
Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies (31 obras) · Archaeology (27 obras) · Geography (26 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (16 obras) · History (14 obras) · Biology (12 obras) · Island Studies and Pacific Affairs (11 obras) · Sociology (11 obras) · Archipelago (9 obras) · Isotope Analysis in Ecology (9 obras)