Thomas Giesecke
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 6370320 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Thomas Giesecke |
| PRENOMES | Thomas |
| SOBRENOME | Giesecke |
| ASSINATURA | GIESECKE T |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Göttingen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5132-1061 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 37 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 171 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 37 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2004 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Unlocking the wealth of Dutch pollen data for future research and education
Nearly 100 years ago, scientists started analysing fossil pollen and spores in the Netherlands. Since then, an enormous number of fossil pollen datasets have been generated by several researchers at different research institutes. Until recently, most pollen data from the Netherlands was not publicly available. With this communication we like to advertise that this situation has changed and present progress on the Dutch pollen database project. Th…
Time to better integrate paleoecological research infrastructures with neoecology to improve understanding of biodiversity long-term dynamics and to inform future conservation
Anthropogenic pressures are causing a global decline in biodiversity. Successful attempts at biodiversity conservation requires an understanding of biodiversity patterns as well as the drivers and processes that determine those patterns. To deepen this knowledge, neoecologists have focused on studying present-day or recent historical data, while paleoecologists usually study long-term data through the composition of various biological proxies and…
Eric C. Grimm 1951–2020
The untimely death of Eric Grimm on 15th November 2020 in Jefferson, South Dakota is a much regretted loss to the global community of palynologists to which he contributed so much. Eric was a distinguished research palaeoecologist, a skilful and amusing companion in the field and one of the most widely known palynologists of his generation (Fig. He is best remembered for his advocacy of open and shared international databases for fossil pollen an…
Testing the potential of pollen assemblages to capture composition, diversity and ecological gradients of surrounding vegetation in two biogeographical regions of southeastern Europe
Due to the complex relationship between pollen and vegetation, it is not yet clear how pollen diagrams may be interpreted with respect to changes in floristic diversity and only a few studies have hitherto investigated this problem. We compare pollen assemblages from moss samples in two southeastern European forests with the surrounding vegetation to investigate (a) their compositional similarity, (b) the association between their diversity chara…
Towards quantifying changes in forest cover in the Araucaria forest-grassland mosaic in southern Brazil
Quantitative estimates of past vegetation cover are needed both regionally so human-landscape interactions can be better understood, and globally to evaluate the effects of changing vegetation cover on the climate system. Models reducing the bias in the pollen representation of vegetation cover have been developed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, while experience applying them in other parts of the world is limited. The Arauca…
Late-Holocene vegetation dynamics and disturbance regimes in north Patagonia Argentina (40°S)
Natural disturbance processes such as volcanic eruptions, fire and human activities are important vegetation drivers in north Patagonia. Here, we tested the impact of volcanic ash fall and fire on vegetation composition analysing two sediment records, Lake Avutarda and Lake Bruja, located in the forest-steppe transition at 40°S. In addition, our analysis provides the first account on the history of Nothofagus alpina at its eastern distribution li…
The impact of recent land-use change in the Araucaria araucana forest in northern Patagonia
Land-use change in the form of extensive Pinus plantations is currently altering the natural vegetation cover at the forest–steppe ecotone in northern Patagonia. Providing recommendations for conservation efforts, with respect to this recent and earlier land-use changes, requires a longer time perspective. Using pollen analysis, we investigated to what degree the colonization of the area by Euro-American settlers changed the forest composition an…
A new modern pollen dataset describing the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
To improve our understanding of the Atlantic Forest responses to climate changes in space and time, it is essential to explore how the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest is structured as observed in modern pollen assemblages and which climate parameters determine these patterns. In this context, we compiled 196 modern pollen samples including 125 from the Atlantic Forest biome and assigned each sample to one or more eco-physiognomies. We identified s…
The Neotoma Paleoecology Database, a multiproxy, international, community-curated data resource
The Neotoma Paleoecology Database is a community-curated data resource that supports interdisciplinary global change research by enabling broad-scale studies of taxon and community diversity, distributions, and dynamics during the large environmental changes of the past. By consolidating many kinds of data into a common repository, Neotoma lowers costs of paleodata management, makes paleoecological data openly available, and offers a high-quality…
Late-glacial and Holocene European pollen data
The European Pollen Database (EPD) is a community effort to archive and make available pollen sequences from across the European continent. Pollen sequences provide records that may be used to infer past vegetation and vegetation change. We present here maps based on 828 sites from the EPD giving an overview of changes in postglacial pollen assemblages in Europe over the past 15,000 years. The maps show the distribution and abundance of 54 differ…
Notes on the postglacial spread of abundant European tree taxa
Differentiating vegetation types from eastern South American ecosystems based on modern and subfossil pollen samples
Pollen‐based quantitative reconstructions of Holocene regional vegetation cover (plant‐functional types and land‐cover types) in Europe suitable for climate modelling
We present quantitative reconstructions of regional vegetation cover in north‐western Europe, western Europe north of the Alps, and eastern Europe for five time windows in the Holocene [around 6k, 3k, 0.5k, 0.2k, and 0.05k calendar years before present ( bp )] at a 1° × 1° spatial scale with the objective of producing vegetation descriptions suitable for climate modelling. The REVEALS model was applied on 636 pollen records from lakes and bogs to…
Contemporaneousness of Trackway Construction and Environmental Change
Tree rings provide not only a precise dating tool, but also contain information on environmental change. The well replicated tree ring record of northwest Germany therefore provides environmental implications with immanent, absolute and precise dating from 6703 BC to 931 AD. This offers the opportunity to investigate the environmental context of archaeological finds, if they, too, are dated by dendrochronology. We investigated 13 peat-preserved t…
Trees tracking a warmer climate
Palaeoecological records provide a rich source of information to explore how plant distribution ranges respond to climate changes, but their use is complicated by the fact that, especially when based on pollen data, they are often spatially too inaccurate to reliably determine past range limits. To solve this problem, we focus on hazel ( Corylus avellana), a tree species with large and heavy fruits (nuts), which provide firm evidence of the local…
Palynological richness and evenness
Exploring the requirement for anthropogenic disturbance to assist the stand-scale expansion of Fagus sylvatica L. outside southern Scandinavia
This paper presents a pollen and charcoal record from a forest hollow located in northern Germany. The initial stand-scale colonization and subsequent expansion of the species Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) is examined and compared with examples from southern Scandinavia. In the early Holocene, a diverse forest stand is present. The recording of Fagus sylvatica in nine contiguous samples over the time period 8600–7950 cal. yr BP, constrained by…
Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe
The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many of them have been submitted to the European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for the construction of increasingly precise maps of Holocene vegetation change across the continent. Chronological information in the EPD has been expressed in uncalibrated radiocarbon years, and most chronologies to date are based on this time scale. Here we …
The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project
Patterns of European vegetation changes over the last 15,000 years based on the European Pollen Database with new chronologies
Evaluating the effect of flowering age and forest structure on pollen productivity estimates
Pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) are indispensable prerequisites for quantitative vegetation reconstructions. Estimates from different European regions show a large variability and it is uncertain whether this reflects regional differences in climate and soil or is brought about by different assessments of vegetation abundance. Forests represent a particular problem as they consist of several layers of vegetation and many tree species only st…
Holocene land-cover reconstructions for studies on land cover-climate feedbacks
The major objectives of this paper are: (1) to review the pros and cons of the scenarios of past anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) developed during the last ten years, (2) to discuss issues related to pollen-based reconstruction of the past land-cover and introduce a new method, REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites), to infer long-term records of past land-cover from pollen data, (3) to present a new project (…
The effect of climate conditions on inter-annual flowering variability monitored by pollen traps below the canopy in Draved Forest, Denmark
Since 1967 annual pollen deposition has been monitored in the semi-natural mixed deciduous woodland Draved Forest by the Geological Survey of Denmark. In this paper, we analyse the variability in pollen accumulation rates for the eight most common deciduous trees, and their relationships to monthly temperature and precipitation. High summer temperatures in the year before flowering have a positive effect on pollen deposition for several species. …
From early pollen trapping experiments to the Pollen Monitoring Programme
Pollen monitoring has become a standard investigation method for researchers in several disciplines; among them are Quaternary palynologists, who conduct experiments in order to gain insights that will help to interpret the content of pollen in sediments. A review of the literature shows how these experiments diversified during the 1920s and 1930s with an array of different research questions, ranging from pollination biology to hay fever studies…
Towards quantitative palynology
The name Sheila Hicks is for many palaeoecologists connected with pollen trapping and absolute pollen deposition, and it is therefore an enormous pleasure to dedicate this special issue of Vegetation History and Archaeobotany to Sheila Hicks on the occasion of her retirement from Oulu University. Over the years Sheila’s enthusiasm for pollen trapping has inspired many graduate students as well as junior and senior colleagues and friends. Sheila s…
Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe
The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many of them have been submitted to the European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for the construction of increasingly precise maps of Holocene vegetation change across the continent. Chronological information in the EPD has been expressed in uncalibrated radiocarbon years, and most chronologies to date are based on this time scale. Here we …
Comparing pollen spectra from modified Tauber traps and moss samples
This paper compares pollen spectra derived from modified Tauber traps and moss samples from a selection of woodland types from Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Georgia, Greece, Poland, Switzerland and Wales. The study examines the representation of individual taxa in the two sampling media and aims to ascertain the duration of pollen deposition captured by a moss. The latter aim was pursued through the calculation of dissimilarity indexes to assess …
The European Pollen Database
Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially extensive data available for the reconstruction of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge of past land-cover is becoming increasingly important to evaluate the present trends in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The European Pollen Database (EPD) was established in the late 1980s and developed in the early 1990s to provide a structure for archiving, exchanging, and analysing Quaternary polle…
The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project
Annual pollen traps reveal the complexity of climatic control on pollen productivity in Europe and the Caucasus
Annual PAR (pollen accumulation rates; grains cm−2 year−1) were studied with modified Tauber traps situated in ten regions, in Poland (Roztocze), the Czech Republic (two regions in Krkonoše, two in Šumava), Switzerland (4 regions in the Alps), and Georgia (Lagodekhi). The time-series are 10–16 years long, all ending in 2007. We calculated correlations between pollen data and climate. Pollen data are PAR summarized per region (4–7 traps selected p…
Evaluating the effect of flowering age and forest structure on pollen productivity estimates
Pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) are indispensable prerequisites for quantitative vegetation reconstructions. Estimates from different European regions show a large variability and it is uncertain whether this reflects regional differences in climate and soil or is brought about by different assessments of vegetation abundance. Forests represent a particular problem as they consist of several layers of vegetation and many tree species only st…
Holocene dynamics of the southern boreal forest in Sweden
Holocene vegetation dynamics in the ecotone between the boreo-nemoral and boreal forest were reconstructed from sediment cores of two small lakes using pollen and macrofossil analyses. Competition, migration and changing climate parameters determine species dynamics in the ecotone. The spread of Picea abies was the most important event in the vegetation history of the region, probably shaping the present distribution limits of Corylus avellana, T…
Holocene forest development in the central Scandes Mountains, Sweden
Palynological richness and evenness
Variation in annual pollen accumulation rates of Fagus along a N–S transect in Europe based on pollen traps
Annual pollen-accumulation rates (PAR) of Fagus (beech) obtained within the framework of the Pollen Monitoring Programme (PMP) were analyzed in pollen traps along a N–S transect from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea in different European vegetation units. The study regions are situated in the lowlands of northern Poland, the uplands of SE Poland, the Czech Krkonoše Mts, the Czech Šumava Mts, the Swiss Jura Mts, the Swiss Alps, the Bulgarian Rila M…
Calibrated pollen accumulation rates as a basis for quantitative tree biomass reconstructions
Recent investigations show that the pollen accumulation rate (PAR) of the common tree taxa is directly related to the biomass and, by inference, to the population size of the taxa around the study site. Fossil PAR records preserved in lakes provide therefore a potential proxy for quantitative biomass and population reconstructions. We use the high-resolution PAR records obtained from two accurately dated lake sediment cores in Finland to generate…
Trees tracking a warmer climate
Palaeoecological records provide a rich source of information to explore how plant distribution ranges respond to climate changes, but their use is complicated by the fact that, especially when based on pollen data, they are often spatially too inaccurate to reliably determine past range limits. To solve this problem, we focus on hazel ( Corylus avellana), a tree species with large and heavy fruits (nuts), which provide firm evidence of the local…
From early pollen trapping experiments to the Pollen Monitoring Programme
Pollen monitoring has become a standard investigation method for researchers in several disciplines; among them are Quaternary palynologists, who conduct experiments in order to gain insights that will help to interpret the content of pollen in sediments. A review of the literature shows how these experiments diversified during the 1920s and 1930s with an array of different research questions, ranging from pollination biology to hay fever studies…
Testing the potential of pollen assemblages to capture composition, diversity and ecological gradients of surrounding vegetation in two biogeographical regions of southeastern Europe
Due to the complex relationship between pollen and vegetation, it is not yet clear how pollen diagrams may be interpreted with respect to changes in floristic diversity and only a few studies have hitherto investigated this problem. We compare pollen assemblages from moss samples in two southeastern European forests with the surrounding vegetation to investigate (a) their compositional similarity, (b) the association between their diversity chara…
The effect of climate conditions on inter-annual flowering variability monitored by pollen traps below the canopy in Draved Forest, Denmark
Since 1967 annual pollen deposition has been monitored in the semi-natural mixed deciduous woodland Draved Forest by the Geological Survey of Denmark. In this paper, we analyse the variability in pollen accumulation rates for the eight most common deciduous trees, and their relationships to monthly temperature and precipitation. High summer temperatures in the year before flowering have a positive effect on pollen deposition for several species. …
Dendroecological investigations at Venner Moor (northwest Germany) document climate-driven woodland dynamics and mire development in the period 2450—2050 BC
Excellently preserved subfossil pine and oak tree remains from the bottom layer of raised bog peat were dendroecologically investigated at Venner Moor (northwest Germany). Tree-ring analyses were combined with observations of stem and root morphology, preservation state, mineral soil relief, peat stratigraphy and pollen analysis to reconstruct in great detail environmental changes leading to the start of the raised bog formation. Hydrology was id…
Contemporaneousness of Trackway Construction and Environmental Change
Tree rings provide not only a precise dating tool, but also contain information on environmental change. The well replicated tree ring record of northwest Germany therefore provides environmental implications with immanent, absolute and precise dating from 6703 BC to 931 AD. This offers the opportunity to investigate the environmental context of archaeological finds, if they, too, are dated by dendrochronology. We investigated 13 peat-preserved t…
Towards quantitative palynology
The name Sheila Hicks is for many palaeoecologists connected with pollen trapping and absolute pollen deposition, and it is therefore an enormous pleasure to dedicate this special issue of Vegetation History and Archaeobotany to Sheila Hicks on the occasion of her retirement from Oulu University. Over the years Sheila’s enthusiasm for pollen trapping has inspired many graduate students as well as junior and senior colleagues and friends. Sheila s…
Unlocking the wealth of Dutch pollen data for future research and education
Nearly 100 years ago, scientists started analysing fossil pollen and spores in the Netherlands. Since then, an enormous number of fossil pollen datasets have been generated by several researchers at different research institutes. Until recently, most pollen data from the Netherlands was not publicly available. With this communication we like to advertise that this situation has changed and present progress on the Dutch pollen database project. Th…
Towards quantifying changes in forest cover in the Araucaria forest-grassland mosaic in southern Brazil
Quantitative estimates of past vegetation cover are needed both regionally so human-landscape interactions can be better understood, and globally to evaluate the effects of changing vegetation cover on the climate system. Models reducing the bias in the pollen representation of vegetation cover have been developed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, while experience applying them in other parts of the world is limited. The Arauca…
A new modern pollen dataset describing the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
To improve our understanding of the Atlantic Forest responses to climate changes in space and time, it is essential to explore how the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest is structured as observed in modern pollen assemblages and which climate parameters determine these patterns. In this context, we compiled 196 modern pollen samples including 125 from the Atlantic Forest biome and assigned each sample to one or more eco-physiognomies. We identified s…
Notes on the postglacial spread of abundant European tree taxa
Differentiating vegetation types from eastern South American ecosystems based on modern and subfossil pollen samples
Integrated varve and pollen-based temperature reconstruction from Finland
A detailed understanding of decadal to millennial-scale climate changes requires seasonal-scale (summer-winter) reconstructions of past precipitation and temperature fluctuations. Comparing seasonally resolved varve records with pollen-based sum of growing degree-days (GDD) reconstructions from Lake Nautajärvi, we examined the intra-annual nature of climate variability in central southern Finland during the Holocene. The organic varve record and …
Revisiting pollen accumulation rates from Swedish lake sediments
Early hope that the estimation of pollen accumulation-rates (PAR) from lake sediments would permit the quantitative reconstruction of past vegetational composition abated when results from several experiments uncovered the problems of the method. A review of monitoring experiments, mainly conducted between 1960 and 1980, shows that basin size, transport of pollen with flowing water and sediment redeposition and focusing are the most important fac…
The Holocene spread of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Fennoscandia and adjacent areas
Aim The Holocene spread of Picea abies in Fennoscandia is well established from many sites and thus provides an opportunity for detailed study of the dynamics of tree spread and population expansion. Early‐ and mid‐Holocene macrofossil evidence for presence of P. abies in Fennoscandia has questioned traditional interpretations of the timing and direction of its spread. This paper aims to determine when, from where and by which pathways P. abies s…
Holocene dynamics of the southern boreal forest in Sweden
Holocene vegetation dynamics in the ecotone between the boreo-nemoral and boreal forest were reconstructed from sediment cores of two small lakes using pollen and macrofossil analyses. Competition, migration and changing climate parameters determine species dynamics in the ecotone. The spread of Picea abies was the most important event in the vegetation history of the region, probably shaping the present distribution limits of Corylus avellana, T…
Holocene forest development in the central Scandes Mountains, Sweden
The use of modelling and simulation approach in reconstructing past landscapes from fossil pollen data
Integrated varve and pollen-based temperature reconstruction from Finland
A detailed understanding of decadal to millennial-scale climate changes requires seasonal-scale (summer-winter) reconstructions of past precipitation and temperature fluctuations. Comparing seasonally resolved varve records with pollen-based sum of growing degree-days (GDD) reconstructions from Lake Nautajärvi, we examined the intra-annual nature of climate variability in central southern Finland during the Holocene. The organic varve record and …
Revisiting pollen accumulation rates from Swedish lake sediments
Early hope that the estimation of pollen accumulation-rates (PAR) from lake sediments would permit the quantitative reconstruction of past vegetational composition abated when results from several experiments uncovered the problems of the method. A review of monitoring experiments, mainly conducted between 1960 and 1980, shows that basin size, transport of pollen with flowing water and sediment redeposition and focusing are the most important fac…
Dendroecological investigations at Venner Moor (northwest Germany) document climate-driven woodland dynamics and mire development in the period 2450—2050 BC
Excellently preserved subfossil pine and oak tree remains from the bottom layer of raised bog peat were dendroecologically investigated at Venner Moor (northwest Germany). Tree-ring analyses were combined with observations of stem and root morphology, preservation state, mineral soil relief, peat stratigraphy and pollen analysis to reconstruct in great detail environmental changes leading to the start of the raised bog formation. Hydrology was id…
Calibrated pollen accumulation rates as a basis for quantitative tree biomass reconstructions
Recent investigations show that the pollen accumulation rate (PAR) of the common tree taxa is directly related to the biomass and, by inference, to the population size of the taxa around the study site. Fossil PAR records preserved in lakes provide therefore a potential proxy for quantitative biomass and population reconstructions. We use the high-resolution PAR records obtained from two accurately dated lake sediment cores in Finland to generate…
The European Pollen Database
Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially extensive data available for the reconstruction of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge of past land-cover is becoming increasingly important to evaluate the present trends in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The European Pollen Database (EPD) was established in the late 1980s and developed in the early 1990s to provide a structure for archiving, exchanging, and analysing Quaternary polle…
Holocene land-cover reconstructions for studies on land cover-climate feedbacks
The major objectives of this paper are: (1) to review the pros and cons of the scenarios of past anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) developed during the last ten years, (2) to discuss issues related to pollen-based reconstruction of the past land-cover and introduce a new method, REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites), to infer long-term records of past land-cover from pollen data, (3) to present a new project (…
The effect of climate conditions on inter-annual flowering variability monitored by pollen traps below the canopy in Draved Forest, Denmark
Since 1967 annual pollen deposition has been monitored in the semi-natural mixed deciduous woodland Draved Forest by the Geological Survey of Denmark. In this paper, we analyse the variability in pollen accumulation rates for the eight most common deciduous trees, and their relationships to monthly temperature and precipitation. High summer temperatures in the year before flowering have a positive effect on pollen deposition for several species. …
From early pollen trapping experiments to the Pollen Monitoring Programme
Pollen monitoring has become a standard investigation method for researchers in several disciplines; among them are Quaternary palynologists, who conduct experiments in order to gain insights that will help to interpret the content of pollen in sediments. A review of the literature shows how these experiments diversified during the 1920s and 1930s with an array of different research questions, ranging from pollination biology to hay fever studies…
Towards quantitative palynology
The name Sheila Hicks is for many palaeoecologists connected with pollen trapping and absolute pollen deposition, and it is therefore an enormous pleasure to dedicate this special issue of Vegetation History and Archaeobotany to Sheila Hicks on the occasion of her retirement from Oulu University. Over the years Sheila’s enthusiasm for pollen trapping has inspired many graduate students as well as junior and senior colleagues and friends. Sheila s…
Variation in annual pollen accumulation rates of Fagus along a N–S transect in Europe based on pollen traps
Annual pollen-accumulation rates (PAR) of Fagus (beech) obtained within the framework of the Pollen Monitoring Programme (PMP) were analyzed in pollen traps along a N–S transect from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea in different European vegetation units. The study regions are situated in the lowlands of northern Poland, the uplands of SE Poland, the Czech Krkonoše Mts, the Czech Šumava Mts, the Swiss Jura Mts, the Swiss Alps, the Bulgarian Rila M…
Annual pollen traps reveal the complexity of climatic control on pollen productivity in Europe and the Caucasus
Annual PAR (pollen accumulation rates; grains cm−2 year−1) were studied with modified Tauber traps situated in ten regions, in Poland (Roztocze), the Czech Republic (two regions in Krkonoše, two in Šumava), Switzerland (4 regions in the Alps), and Georgia (Lagodekhi). The time-series are 10–16 years long, all ending in 2007. We calculated correlations between pollen data and climate. Pollen data are PAR summarized per region (4–7 traps selected p…
Comparing pollen spectra from modified Tauber traps and moss samples
This paper compares pollen spectra derived from modified Tauber traps and moss samples from a selection of woodland types from Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Georgia, Greece, Poland, Switzerland and Wales. The study examines the representation of individual taxa in the two sampling media and aims to ascertain the duration of pollen deposition captured by a moss. The latter aim was pursued through the calculation of dissimilarity indexes to assess …
Patterns of European vegetation changes over the last 15,000 years based on the European Pollen Database with new chronologies
Evaluating the effect of flowering age and forest structure on pollen productivity estimates
Pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) are indispensable prerequisites for quantitative vegetation reconstructions. Estimates from different European regions show a large variability and it is uncertain whether this reflects regional differences in climate and soil or is brought about by different assessments of vegetation abundance. Forests represent a particular problem as they consist of several layers of vegetation and many tree species only st…
Exploring the requirement for anthropogenic disturbance to assist the stand-scale expansion of Fagus sylvatica L. outside southern Scandinavia
This paper presents a pollen and charcoal record from a forest hollow located in northern Germany. The initial stand-scale colonization and subsequent expansion of the species Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) is examined and compared with examples from southern Scandinavia. In the early Holocene, a diverse forest stand is present. The recording of Fagus sylvatica in nine contiguous samples over the time period 8600–7950 cal. yr BP, constrained by…
Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe
The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many of them have been submitted to the European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for the construction of increasingly precise maps of Holocene vegetation change across the continent. Chronological information in the EPD has been expressed in uncalibrated radiocarbon years, and most chronologies to date are based on this time scale. Here we …
The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project
Trees tracking a warmer climate
Palaeoecological records provide a rich source of information to explore how plant distribution ranges respond to climate changes, but their use is complicated by the fact that, especially when based on pollen data, they are often spatially too inaccurate to reliably determine past range limits. To solve this problem, we focus on hazel ( Corylus avellana), a tree species with large and heavy fruits (nuts), which provide firm evidence of the local…
Palynological richness and evenness
Pollen‐based quantitative reconstructions of Holocene regional vegetation cover (plant‐functional types and land‐cover types) in Europe suitable for climate modelling
We present quantitative reconstructions of regional vegetation cover in north‐western Europe, western Europe north of the Alps, and eastern Europe for five time windows in the Holocene [around 6k, 3k, 0.5k, 0.2k, and 0.05k calendar years before present ( bp )] at a 1° × 1° spatial scale with the objective of producing vegetation descriptions suitable for climate modelling. The REVEALS model was applied on 636 pollen records from lakes and bogs to…
Contemporaneousness of Trackway Construction and Environmental Change
Tree rings provide not only a precise dating tool, but also contain information on environmental change. The well replicated tree ring record of northwest Germany therefore provides environmental implications with immanent, absolute and precise dating from 6703 BC to 931 AD. This offers the opportunity to investigate the environmental context of archaeological finds, if they, too, are dated by dendrochronology. We investigated 13 peat-preserved t…
Geography (32 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (30 obras) · Biology (29 obras) · Ecology (28 obras) · Pollen (27 obras) · Physical geography (26 obras) · Geology (17 obras) · Tree-ring climate responses (17 obras) · Environmental Science (16 obras) · Lichen and fungal ecology (16 obras)