Barry R Schlenker
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 649901 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Barry R Schlenker |
| PRENOMES | Barry R |
| SOBRENOME | Schlenker |
| ASSINATURA | SCHLENKER B R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Florida |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 61 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 570 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 63 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1970 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2017 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Conflict, Power & Games
The technological revolution in the social sciences made available a set of research tools and data manipulation techniques that permit the study of complex social processes previously inaccessible or not amenable to our observational powers. One important set of tools took the generic title "experimental games," which were characterized by the interactive protagonists' pursuit of relatively well-defined goals whose achievement is dependent on th…
Ideology and Prejudice
In three studies, we tested whether prejudice derives from perceived similarities and dissimilarities in political ideologies (the value-conflict hypothesis). Across three diverse samples in Study 1, conservatives had less favorable impressions than liberals of groups that were identified as liberal (e.g., African Americans, homosexuals), but more favorable impressions than liberals of groups identified as conservative (e.g., Christian fundamenta…
Conservatives are happier than liberals, but why? Political ideology, personality, and life satisfaction
What Makes A Hero? The Impact of Integrity on Admiration and Interpersonal Judgment
Principled and expedient ideologies affect self‐regulation and guide people along divergent ethical paths. A more principled ideology, indicative of higher claimed integrity, involves a greater personal commitment to ethical beliefs, standards, and self‐schemas that facilitate positive social activities and help resist the temptation of illicit activities. Two studies showed that differences in reported integrity are related to people's preferenc…
The impact of imagined audiences on self‐appraisals
The concept of the relational self suggests that simply imagining significant others produces shifts in self‐assessments consistent with one’s roles and experiences with those others. To test relevant hypotheses, college women (from the United States) imagined a significant other as part of a visualization task. After imagining parents as compared to peers, participants described themselves as less sensual, dominant, and adventurous (Experiment 1…
A pharmacist model of perceived responsibility for drug therapy outcomes
Helping New Acquaintances Make the Right Impression
People strategically regulate information about the identities of friends to help those friends create desired impressions on audiences. Are people willing to help acquaintances manage their impressions, and if so, are such efforts moderated by the helper's own self-presentational concerns? Participants were 234 same-sex strangers who went through a structured self-disclosure procedure designed to induce psychological closeness. They later descri…
Providing and withholding impression management support for romantic partners
Carryover Effects of Feeling Socially Transparent or Impenetrable on Strategic Self-Presentation
The authors proposed that social orientations, such as feeling transparent or impenetrable, that are created in one context can carry over and interact with elements in a different context to influence strategic self-presentation. Participants in 2 experiments wrote narratives that made them feel transparent or impenetrable. Later, they believed they would discuss problems from a social intelligence test with other group members and believed they…
Strategically Controlling Information to Help Friends
The strategic control of information
The impact of perceived material wealth and perceiver personality on first impressions
The influence of cognitive load on self-presentation
Extra cognitive loads can hinder challenging self-presentations by usurping needed cognitive resources but also may sometimes improve them by shifting attention away from negative self-preoccupation. In Study 1, extraverts and introverts participated in an interview in which they presented themselves as either extraverted or introverted. Congruent self-presentations, which should be cognitively nondemanding, were unaffected by a cognitive busynes…
Beneficial impression management
It was hypothesized that people will strategically regulate information about the identities of friends to help them create desired impressions on audiences. Experiment I demonstrated that participants described a friend consistently with the qualities preferred by an attractive, opposite-sex individual but inconsistently with the qualities preferred by an unattractive, opposite-sex individual. Experiment 2 showed that a friend who had a high soc…
Depression and the explanation of events that happen to self, close others, and strangers
Depressive and nondepressive college students attributed causality for positive and negative events that happened to either themselves, a close other, or a typical student. Depressives made less optimistic attributions than nondepressives when explaining events that happened to themselves. However, depressives and nondepressives generally made similar attributions about others; both groups were optimistic when explaining events that happened to t…
Championship pressures
R. F. Baumeister and A. Steinhilber's (1984) provocative, widely accepted analysis proposed that professional sports teams play unusually badly (choke) under the pressure created by their home fans and perform poorly in decisive home games of championship series. However, a reanalysis of the data, including the results of recent championships in baseball and basketball, finds no evidence of a home-field championship choke. The home field is an ad…
Where is the home choke
Lab and field data did not support the home-choke hypothesis as it was articulated by R. F. Baumeister and A. Steinhilber (1984). Home teams do not perform poorly in key games. Furthermore, evidence favors a darker form of choking (social pressure plus self-doubts), not the kinder form (disruptive fantasies of success in front of a supportive audience) that explicitly distinguished the home choke. R. F. Baumeister's (1995) reply clouded the conce…
The triangle model of responsibility
Responsibility acts as a psychological adhesive that connects an actor to an event and to relevant prescriptions that should govern conduct. People are held responsible to the extent that (a) a clear, well-defined set of prescriptions is applicable to an event (prescription-event link); (b) the actor is perceived to be bound by the prescriptions by virtue of his or her identity (prescription-identity link); and (c) the actor is connected to the e…
The Impact of Self‐Presentations on Self‐Beliefs
To examine the impact of self‐presentations on private self‐appraisals, subjects were induced to characterize themselves positively or negatively during a face‐to‐face interview, during a written interview, or on a private questionnaire. As hypothesized, subjects high in Social Identity (the tendency to root identity in social sources of experience) shifted their self‐appraisals in the direction of their positive or negative role after a face‐to‐…
Interpersonal Processes Involving Impression Regulation and Management
INTRODUCTION .. .. .. .. 134 Regulating Impressions: Na ture and Scope 135 Impression Regulation: Restrictive and Expansive Positions .. 136 WHAT MOTIVATES IMPRESSION REGULATION? 138 Self-Glo rifica tion 138 Self-Consistency. 140 Self-Authentication: The Quest for Accuracy .. . 141 What Is a Desirable Iden tity? .. 142 FRONTSTAGE AND BACKSTAGE: AUDIENCES AND PUBLICITY .... 152 Audiences 155 Are Some People Oblivio us to Social Pressures? ' ,,. 15…
Self‐Consciousness and Strategic Self‐Presentation
People who are publicly self‐conscious have been characterized as being especially concerned about their social identities and oriented toward gaining approval and avoiding disapproval. In two experiments, it was found that “pure publics” (i.e., those high in public and low in private self‐consciousness) were the most concerned about matching their deeds and words. These subjects presented themselves to a partner consistently with their publicly …
Impact of self-presentations on private self-beliefs
Self-presentations are more likely to be internalized when they can be justified as representative of self. As predicted, when the behavior fell in their latitude of acceptance rather than rejection. Ss with strong prior self-beliefs (defined by self-perceived behavioral variability on the trait dimension) took greater responsibility for their self-presentations, viewed them as more justifiable, and changed their later self-appraisals more. In co…
Self-serving attributions in social context
This study examined the attributions of Ss high (HSEs) and low (LSEs) in self-esteem in contexts where; a) they were low or high in the motivation to make a positive impression on an audience; b) the audience was perceived as supportive or critical; c) Ss' accounts were public or private, and; d) Ss had succeeded or failed on a previous task
Self-consciousness and self-presentation
Privately self-conscious people may resist social pressures because (a) they tune out the social matrix and express their beliefs irrespective of how they make them appear to an audience (the social obliviousness hypothesis) or (b) they prefer to create an identity of being autonomous and will monitor and control their self-presentations to construct this image for audiences (the autonomous identity hypothesis). The results of three studies suppo…
The Self and Social Life
Interpersonal Processes Involving Impression Regulation and Management
INTRODUCTION .. .. .. .. 134 Regulating Impressions: Na ture and Scope 135 Impression Regulation: Restrictive and Expansive Positions .. 136 WHAT MOTIVATES IMPRESSION REGULATION? 138 Self-Glo rifica tion 138 Self-Consistency. 140 Self-Authentication: The Quest for Accuracy .. . 141 What Is a Desirable Iden tity? .. 142 FRONTSTAGE AND BACKSTAGE: AUDIENCES AND PUBLICITY .... 152 Audiences 155 Are Some People Oblivio us to Social Pressures? ' ,,. 15…
Cognitive dissonance
Children's reactions to apologies
Audiences' reactions to self-enhancing, self-denigrating, and accurate self-presentations
The Use of Apologies in Social Predicaments
AUTHOR Darby, Bruce W.: Schlenker, Barry R. TITLE The Use of Apologies in Social Predicaments. SPONS AGENCY National Inst. of Mental Health (DHEw), Rockville, Md.: National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. POE DATE Sep 80 GRANT NIMH-K02-MH00183: NSF-BNS-77-08182 NOTE 11p.: Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association (88th, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, September 1-5, 1980) . Best copy available
Self-presentation
The manner in which an individual's self-perceptions affect related self-presentations was investigated. One hundred and twenty subjects believed that they would participate in a group task where their individual performance would either be known to the group or be completely anonymous. On the basis of bogus feedback from prior tests, subjects expected to perform either extremely well or very poorly on the group task; control groups received no s…
Conservatives are happier than liberals, but why? Political ideology, personality, and life satisfaction
Social psychology and science
Fun and Games
The validity of gaming techniques has come under increasing attack in recent years The present article examines claims for and criticisms of the use of games in the study of conflict. Gaming proponents have cited four major functions of games: (a) an analogy, or model, of actual conflict situations, (b) a heuristic device to provide new ways of thinking, (c) a device to separate rational solutions to conflict from those affected by psychological …
On the ethics of psychological research
Compliance to Threats as a Function of the Wording of the Threat and the Exploitativeness of the Threatener
Impact of self-presentations on private self-beliefs
Self-presentations are more likely to be internalized when they can be justified as representative of self. As predicted, when the behavior fell in their latitude of acceptance rather than rejection. Ss with strong prior self-beliefs (defined by self-perceived behavioral variability on the trait dimension) took greater responsibility for their self-presentations, viewed them as more justifiable, and changed their later self-appraisals more. In co…
The effects of personality and situational variables on behavioral trust
Egocentrism in groups
Strategically Controlling Information to Help Friends
The impact of perceived material wealth and perceiver personality on first impressions
Self-serving attributions in social context
This study examined the attributions of Ss high (HSEs) and low (LSEs) in self-esteem in contexts where; a) they were low or high in the motivation to make a positive impression on an audience; b) the audience was perceived as supportive or critical; c) Ss' accounts were public or private, and; d) Ss had succeeded or failed on a previous task
Self-consciousness and self-presentation
Privately self-conscious people may resist social pressures because (a) they tune out the social matrix and express their beliefs irrespective of how they make them appear to an audience (the social obliviousness hypothesis) or (b) they prefer to create an identity of being autonomous and will monitor and control their self-presentations to construct this image for audiences (the autonomous identity hypothesis). The results of three studies suppo…
Cooperators and Competitors in Conflict
Kelley and Stahelski's “triangle model” describes differences in the perceptions and behaviors of cooperative versus competitive personality types and has important implications for theories of social influence and conflict. However, the generality of the model has been seriously questioned, data exist that seem to contradict some of its basic predictions, and the findings can be “conceptualized in terms of an alternative information-processing a…
The influence of cognitive load on self-presentation
Extra cognitive loads can hinder challenging self-presentations by usurping needed cognitive resources but also may sometimes improve them by shifting attention away from negative self-preoccupation. In Study 1, extraverts and introverts participated in an interview in which they presented themselves as either extraverted or introverted. Congruent self-presentations, which should be cognitively nondemanding, were unaffected by a cognitive busynes…
Beneficial impression management
It was hypothesized that people will strategically regulate information about the identities of friends to help them create desired impressions on audiences. Experiment I demonstrated that participants described a friend consistently with the qualities preferred by an attractive, opposite-sex individual but inconsistently with the qualities preferred by an unattractive, opposite-sex individual. Experiment 2 showed that a friend who had a high soc…
Egotism in Group Members
Rowland S. Miller, Barry R. Schlenker, Egotism in Group Members: Public and Private Attributions of Responsibility for Group Performance, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 48, No. 1 (Mar., 1985), pp. 85-89
Self-Esteem and Group Performance as Determinants of Egocentric Perceptions in Cooperative Groups
Forty-eight male subjects who had previously completed Berger's selfacceptance (self-esteem) scale worked on problem-solving tasks in four person groups. After completion of the tasks, bogus feedback was provided which indicated that the group as a whole had done very well, very poorly, or average. No feedback was provided about the quality of individual performances. As predicted, perceptions of personal responsibility for the group's performanc…
Social Anxiety and Communication about the Self
The reciprocal relationship between social anxiety and the communication of information about the self is examined. Social anxiety appears to arise from people's concerns about the impressions others are forming of them. Specifically, it is proposed that social anxiety occurs when people are motivated to create a desired impression on audiences but doubt they will do so. High social anxiety, in turn, is associated with qualitative and quantitativ…
Power, Influence, and Behavioral Compliance
Social psychologists have traditionally been concerned with problems of social conflict, power, influence, and persuasion. Yet, when one looks for systematic theory and evidence regarding the determinants of behavioral compliance to rules, norms, or influence attempts, few prescriptions can be garnered by the practical man of affairs for developing policy in matters of law and order. In a day when shouts of black power, student protests, and anti…
Compliance to Threats as a Function of the Wording of the Threat and the Exploitativeness of the Threatener
Power, Influence, and Behavioral Compliance
Social psychologists have traditionally been concerned with problems of social conflict, power, influence, and persuasion. Yet, when one looks for systematic theory and evidence regarding the determinants of behavioral compliance to rules, norms, or influence attempts, few prescriptions can be garnered by the practical man of affairs for developing policy in matters of law and order. In a day when shouts of black power, student protests, and anti…
Cognitive dissonance
Interpersonal Attraction and the Exercise of Coercive and Reward Power
Impression management revisited
The effects of personality and situational variables on behavioral trust
Social psychology and science
Compliance to Threats as a Function of Source Attractiveness and Esteem
The relationships of liking and respect for a source and compliance to his threats were examined in two studies. In Experiment I, subjects were induced to have high or low attraction for a confederate who subsequently was the source of intermittent threats in the context of a mixed motive game. The confederate punished noncompliance to threats either 10 or 90 percent of the time. It was found that compliance was high and unaffected by probability…
Liking for a Group Following an Initiation
Self-presentation
The manner in which an individual's self-perceptions affect related self-presentations was investigated. One hundred and twenty subjects believed that they would participate in a group task where their individual performance would either be known to the group or be completely anonymous. On the basis of bogus feedback from prior tests, subjects expected to perform either extremely well or very poorly on the group task; control groups received no s…
Attraction and expectations of harm and benefits
Reactions following counterattitudinal behavior which produces positive consequences
Conflict, Power, and Games
Reactions to Coercive and Reward Power
Self-Esteem and Group Performance as Determinants of Egocentric Perceptions in Cooperative Groups
Forty-eight male subjects who had previously completed Berger's selfacceptance (self-esteem) scale worked on problem-solving tasks in four person groups. After completion of the tasks, bogus feedback was provided which indicated that the group as a whole had done very well, very poorly, or average. No feedback was provided about the quality of individual performances. As predicted, perceptions of personal responsibility for the group's performanc…
Group cultures and individual values
Attributing the causes of group performance
A new wideband beam steering architecture for a receiver and transmitter is proposed. In this new interpolation based beam steering architecture (IBA), the number of true time delays can be dramatically reduced to 3 for a 2-dimensionaI array and 2 for a linear array independent of the number of array elements. While in conventional phased arrays, the number of phase shifters or time delays equals the number of antenna elements. This is achieved b…
Group Cohesiveness as a Determinant of Egocentric Perceptions in Cooperative Groups
It has been consistently found that members of cooperative groups claim greater personal responsibility for their group's performance after a group success rather than failure. However, when high group cohesiveness is present, norms and interpersonal bonds may exist that mitigate against taking high personal credit for success and low blame for failure. Hence, it was hypothesized that in high cohesive groups, there would be little or no relations…
On the ethics of psychological research
Attitude change and responsibility avoidance as modes of dilemma resolution in forced-compliance situations
Egocentrism in groups
Cooperators and Competitors in Conflict
Kelley and Stahelski's “triangle model” describes differences in the perceptions and behaviors of cooperative versus competitive personality types and has important implications for theories of social influence and conflict. However, the generality of the model has been seriously questioned, data exist that seem to contradict some of its basic predictions, and the findings can be “conceptualized in terms of an alternative information-processing a…
Fun and Games
The validity of gaming techniques has come under increasing attack in recent years The present article examines claims for and criticisms of the use of games in the study of conflict. Gaming proponents have cited four major functions of games: (a) an analogy, or model, of actual conflict situations, (b) a heuristic device to provide new ways of thinking, (c) a device to separate rational solutions to conflict from those affected by psychological …
Group performance and interpersonal evaluations as determinants of egotistical attributions in groups 1
A bstract Group members often try to claim personal credit for the successes of their group while avoiding blame for group failures. Two experiments examined the effects of evaluations from their fellows on such egotism in groups. In Experiment 1, 96 subjects participated in four‐person, problem‐solving groups, and, after completing the group tasks, rated the competency and worth of each of the other group members. Subjects then received bogus wr…
Self-Presentations of Attitudes Following Commitment to Proattitudinal Behavior
Attitude statements present a particular image of the respondent to onlookers and can be tactically used for self-presentational purposes. The present study investigated the relationship between variables relevant to self-presentation and attitude statements following proattitudinal actions. Under conditions of high or low decision freedom, female subjects committed themselves to argue for a proattitudinal issue. The experimenter described the is…
Psychology (58 obras) · Social Psychology (55 obras) · Social Psychology (40 obras) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (33 obras) · Perception (13 obras) · Impression management (12 obras) · Cultural Differences and Values (11 obras) · Media Influence and Health (11 obras) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (10 obras) · Computer Science (10 obras)