Arnie Cann
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 650321 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Arnie Cann |
| PRENOMES | Arnie |
| SOBRENOME | Cann |
| ASSINATURA | CANN A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of North Carolina at Charlotte |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 41 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 233 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 41 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1975 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2017 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory
Spiritual Change (SC) is one of 5 domains of posttraumatic growth (PTG). The current Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) assesses this area of growth with only 2 items, one focusing on religiosity and the other focusing on spiritual understanding. The addition of 4 newly developed spiritual–existential change (SEC) items, creating an expanded PTGI (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory‐X), reflects a diversity of perspectives on spiritual–existential …
Core beliefs shaken by an earthquake correlate with posttraumatic growth
Posttraumatic growth (PTG), psychological growth as a result of personal struggle with trauma, is hypothesized to occur when a highly stressful life event, such as a natural disaster, forces people to reexamine their core beliefs. To the authors' knoweldge, the present study is the first investigation in Japanese people examining the role of core beliefs, intrusive rumination, and deliberate rumination in PTG. Hypotheses that the level of reexami…
Assessing humor at work
Humor at work could provide many potential benefits, but the empirical literature does not support many clear conclusions about its role. Two issues have limited the clarity of the findings. First, many studies do not consider the potential negative, as well as positive, associations with humor. Second, no available measure allows researchers to quantify the broad presence of humor in the workplace. The current research describes the development …
Cross-National and Religious Relationships With Posttraumatic Growth
Posttraumatic growth (PTG)-positive changes experienced as a result of psychological struggle with highly challenging life circumstances-generally correlates with greater religiosity and optimism, and often shows gender and cross-national differences. The current study examined the relationship of national background and religion with PTG, as well as individual differences variables (i.e., optimism, pessimism, and gender) and individuals' apprais…
Humor styles, risk perceptions, and risky behavioral choices in college students
Sense of humor has been identified as a possible factor that leads to riskier behavioral choices, which could, in turn, contribute to health problems and reduced longevity. In previous studies, sense of humor was viewed as a one-dimensional, positive personal quality: the potential impact of maladaptive styles of humor was not acknowledged. The current study assesses both adaptive and maladaptive humor styles and relates them to perceived risk, a…
The role of centrality of events in posttraumatic distress and posttraumatic growth
Disruptions to core beliefs, rumination, and finding meaning have been associated with the development of posttraumatic distress (Janoff–Bulman, 1992, 2006). These variables have also contributed to the development of posttraumatic growth, which is the experience of a positive life change as the result of a traumatic experience (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996). A new variable, centrality of event, has recently been implicated in both processes (Boals &…
Assessing posttraumatic cognitive processes
Cognitive processes in the aftermath of experiencing a major life stressor play an important role in the impact of the event on the person. Intrusive thoughts about the event are likely to be associated with continued distress, while deliberate rumination, aimed at understanding and problem-solving, should be predictive of posttraumatic growth (PTG). The Event Related Rumination Inventory (ERRI), designed to measure these two styles of rumination…
The relationship of core belief challenge, rumination, disclosure, and sociocultural elements to posttraumatic growth
The relationship of challenge to core beliefs, rumination, disclosure, and some sociocultural elements to posttraumatic growth (PTG) were explored. Participants were college students enrolled in psychology classes who reported having experienced a stressful event within the past 2 years and who completed measures in groups. Findings suggested that challenge to core beliefs was the main predictor of PTG, and that a very large proportion of the sam…
Posttraumatic growth, meaning in life, and life satisfaction in response to trauma
A model of the processes leading to posttraumatic growth and to life satisfaction following exposure to trauma was tested. Two types of repeated thought, deliberate and intrusive, posttraumatic symptoms, posttraumatic growth, and meaning in life, were assessed as predictors of general life satisfaction. Challenges to core beliefs were shown to be related to both intrusive and deliberate rumination. The two forms of rumination were in turn differe…
Exploring posttraumatic growth in Japanese youth
Despite a growing body of literature examining posttraumatic growth (PTG; positive change resulting from the struggle with trauma) in adult populations from various cultures, the emerging research base involving youth includes few studies exploring the construct in youth from Eastern cultures. This study examined PTG and perceived growth in the absence of trauma among Japanese youth. A total of 408 youth (215 boys, 193 girls), with a mean age of …
Humor styles and relationship satisfaction in dating couples
Humor has been identified as a potentially important variable in facilitating relationship satisfaction in romantic couples. Using a measure of stable differences in how humor is expressed by individuals, the current research looks at the possibility that dating couples have similar humor styles, and at whether self-reported or perceived humor styles best predict relationship satisfaction. Individuals in a sample of 82 couples independently compl…
Positive Outcomes Following Bereavement
Recent theory and research have drawn attention to the need to better understand the positive changes, termed posttraumatic growth, that often occur in bereaved individuals; even as negative emotions related to grief persist. We describe five dimensions of posttraumatic growth and present a model for understanding how the loss of a close other can eventually lead to a recognition of important positive personal changes. Loss, especially unexpected…
A short form of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory
A short form of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-SF) is described. A sample of 1351 adults who had completed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) in previous studies provided the basis for item selection. The resulting 10-item form includes two items from each of the five subscales of the original PTGI, selected on the basis of loadings on the original factors and breadth of item content. A separate sample of 186 completed the short …
Gender Differences in Self-Reported Posttraumatic Growth
A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the direction and magnitude of gender differences in self-reported post-traumatic growth. Results from 70 studies ( N = 16,076) revealed a small to moderate gender difference ( g = .27, 95% CI = .21 -.32), with women reporting more posttraumatic growth than men. Moderator analyses were then conducted to identify possible sources of these differences. The following moderators were examined: mean age of samp…
Remembering and anticipating stressors
Participants' reports of recent stressors and anticipated stressors were predicted using a measure of sense of humor that assessed positive and negative uses of humor and measures of positive personality characteristics: optimism, hope, and happiness. The prediction was the tendency to use positive humor and/or avoid negative humor would be associated with higher levels of positive personality qualities, and that the positive personality qualitie…
The Role of Rumination in the Coexistence of Distress and Posttraumatic Growth Among Bereaved Japanese University Students
This study examined the relationships between rumination, distress and posttraumatic growth (PTG). Seventy-one bereaved Japanese university students completed the PTG Inventory, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and a rumination scale. Three models, with variables including intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, distress, and PTG, were tested using structural equation modeling. Results indicated that 1 model, which depicted recent intrusiv…
Judeo-Christian Clergy and Personal Crisis
Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth in Psychotherapy
Previous investigations of the impact of trauma-related psychotherapy on clinicians have emphasized the hazardous nature of such work. The present study is the first exploration of clinicians’ perceptions of trauma work to investigate in depth the positive consequences of working with trauma survivors. A sample of 21 psychotherapists participated in a naturalistic interview exploring the impact of trauma work with a particular focus on (a) change…
Former partners and new rivals as threats to a relationship
The overall aim of this study was to examine differences in responses to relationship infidelity when the infidelity involves a former romantic partner as opposed to a new rival. Participants indicated, for either sexual or emotional infidelity, whether they would be more upset if their partner were involved with a former partner or a new person, and whether they would be forgiving. Men and women saw the former partner as a greater threat when th…
Perceived personality associations with differences in sense of humor
Having a high sense of humor has been found to be a general social asset, but there has been no assessment of the specific qualities that are assumed to be associated with variations in sense of humor. Two studies were conducted to examine the assumptions observers would make about the personal qualities associated with varying levels of sense of humor. In the first study, participants (150 female and 86 male college students) were asked to use a…
Distress in response to relationship infidelity
According to the evolutionary model of psychology, biological influences may be a force behind many gender differences in relationship strategies and responses to relationship issues. For example, prior research has shown that males indicated more distress in relation to sexual infidelity, whereas females indicated more distress at the emotional infidelity of their partner. The current study attempted to replicate and extend this previous researc…
A correlational test of the relationship between posttraumatic growth, religion, and cognitive processing
The present study examined the degree to which event related rumination, a quest orientation to religion, and religious involvement is related to posttraumatic growth. Fifty‐four young adults, selected based on prescreening for experience of a traumatic event, completed a measure of event related ruminations, the Quest Scale, an index of religious participation, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. The three subscales of the Quest Scale, the t…
Exposure to humor before and after an unpleasant stimulus
The roles of humor and sense of humor in responses to stressors
Sense of humor and a humorous external event were evaluated as possible factors affecting individuals' emotional responses to a stressor. Participants' anxiety and affective state were assessed prior to and after observing a stress-arousing segment from a movie. Following this stressor, participants received a treatment which involved viewing either a humorous videotape, a nonhumorous videotape, or waiting without distraction, before providing aj…
Social Reactions to Attempted Suicide
The effects of gender of subject, gender of suicide attempter, and physical attractiveness of attempter on justification, emotional adjustment, and liking were investigated in this study. One hundred forty-eight male and female undergraduates (average age = 21.93 years) read a brief case history describing an individual who attempted suicide one week ago. Two-thirds of the subjects also received a photograPh. Subjects were randomly assigned to on…
Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth in Psychotherapy
Previous investigations of the impact of trauma-related psychotherapy on clinicians have emphasized the hazardous nature of such work. The present study is the first exploration of clinicians’ perceptions of trauma work to investigate in depth the positive consequences of working with trauma survivors. A sample of 21 psychotherapists participated in a naturalistic interview exploring the impact of trauma work with a particular focus on (a) change…
Gender Differences in Self-Reported Posttraumatic Growth
A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the direction and magnitude of gender differences in self-reported post-traumatic growth. Results from 70 studies ( N = 16,076) revealed a small to moderate gender difference ( g = .27, 95% CI = .21 -.32), with women reporting more posttraumatic growth than men. Moderator analyses were then conducted to identify possible sources of these differences. The following moderators were examined: mean age of samp…
Attributing Responsibility to the Victim of Rape
Information regarding a rape victim's past sexual behaviors was presented to college students in specially constructed newspaper stories describing testimony at the trial. In two conditions the sexual experience information was explicit, indicating an active or an inactive past. In three other conditions no explicit information was presented, but the reason was varied: The victim refused to testify, the judge refused to allow testimony, or no men…
Children's perceptions of occupational sex stereotypes
Distress in response to relationship infidelity
According to the evolutionary model of psychology, biological influences may be a force behind many gender differences in relationship strategies and responses to relationship issues. For example, prior research has shown that males indicated more distress in relation to sexual infidelity, whereas females indicated more distress at the emotional infidelity of their partner. The current study attempted to replicate and extend this previous researc…
Gender stereotypes and dimensions of effective leader behavior
Humor styles and relationship satisfaction in dating couples
Humor has been identified as a potentially important variable in facilitating relationship satisfaction in romantic couples. Using a measure of stable differences in how humor is expressed by individuals, the current research looks at the possibility that dating couples have similar humor styles, and at whether self-reported or perceived humor styles best predict relationship satisfaction. Individuals in a sample of 82 couples independently compl…
Sex stereotypes and the leadership role
Perceived personality associations with differences in sense of humor
Having a high sense of humor has been found to be a general social asset, but there has been no assessment of the specific qualities that are assumed to be associated with variations in sense of humor. Two studies were conducted to examine the assumptions observers would make about the personal qualities associated with varying levels of sense of humor. In the first study, participants (150 female and 86 male college students) were asked to use a…
On the role of humor appreciation in interpersonal attraction
Sex stereotype impacts on competence ratings by children
Effects of initial request size and timing of a second request on compliance
A field experiment tested four separate procedures for influencing compliance to the second of two requests. Two factors--size of initial request and timing of the second request--were included in a 2 X 2 factorial design. Subjects were induced either to comply with a small initial request or to refuse a large initial request. They then received a moderate request either immediately (no delay) or 7--10 days later (delay). Compliance to the second…
The Role of Rumination in the Coexistence of Distress and Posttraumatic Growth Among Bereaved Japanese University Students
This study examined the relationships between rumination, distress and posttraumatic growth (PTG). Seventy-one bereaved Japanese university students completed the PTG Inventory, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and a rumination scale. Three models, with variables including intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, distress, and PTG, were tested using structural equation modeling. Results indicated that 1 model, which depicted recent intrusiv…
The roles of humor and sense of humor in responses to stressors
Sense of humor and a humorous external event were evaluated as possible factors affecting individuals' emotional responses to a stressor. Participants' anxiety and affective state were assessed prior to and after observing a stress-arousing segment from a movie. Following this stressor, participants received a treatment which involved viewing either a humorous videotape, a nonhumorous videotape, or waiting without distraction, before providing aj…
Children's perceptions of relative competence in sex-typed occupations
Assessing humor at work
Humor at work could provide many potential benefits, but the empirical literature does not support many clear conclusions about its role. Two issues have limited the clarity of the findings. First, many studies do not consider the potential negative, as well as positive, associations with humor. Second, no available measure allows researchers to quantify the broad presence of humor in the workplace. The current research describes the development …
Exposure to humor before and after an unpleasant stimulus
Remembering and anticipating stressors
Participants' reports of recent stressors and anticipated stressors were predicted using a measure of sense of humor that assessed positive and negative uses of humor and measures of positive personality characteristics: optimism, hope, and happiness. The prediction was the tendency to use positive humor and/or avoid negative humor would be associated with higher levels of positive personality qualities, and that the positive personality qualitie…
Rape
Cross-National and Religious Relationships With Posttraumatic Growth
Posttraumatic growth (PTG)-positive changes experienced as a result of psychological struggle with highly challenging life circumstances-generally correlates with greater religiosity and optimism, and often shows gender and cross-national differences. The current study examined the relationship of national background and religion with PTG, as well as individual differences variables (i.e., optimism, pessimism, and gender) and individuals' apprais…
Humor styles, risk perceptions, and risky behavioral choices in college students
Sense of humor has been identified as a possible factor that leads to riskier behavioral choices, which could, in turn, contribute to health problems and reduced longevity. In previous studies, sense of humor was viewed as a one-dimensional, positive personal quality: the potential impact of maladaptive styles of humor was not acknowledged. The current study assesses both adaptive and maladaptive humor styles and relates them to perceived risk, a…
Evaluative expectations and the gender schema
Implications of sex and gender differences for self
Children's assumptions about the generalizability of sex-typed abilities
Predictions of own and other's conformity 1
Effects of initial request size and timing of a second request on compliance
A field experiment tested four separate procedures for influencing compliance to the second of two requests. Two factors--size of initial request and timing of the second request--were included in a 2 X 2 factorial design. Subjects were induced either to comply with a small initial request or to refuse a large initial request. They then received a moderate request either immediately (no delay) or 7--10 days later (delay). Compliance to the second…
Effect of perceived motivation on the assignment of blame and punishment to rapists by female respondents
This study examined the assignment of blame in rape episodes by female observers. When the rapist's behavior was described as caused by intrapsychic, as compared with organic factors, greater blame was assigned to the rapist. A greater degree of causal attribution to factors external to the rapist occurred with organic, as compared with intrapsychic, causation. Ratings of the severity of punishment deserved by the rapist differed significantly as…
Attributing Responsibility to the Victim of Rape
Information regarding a rape victim's past sexual behaviors was presented to college students in specially constructed newspaper stories describing testimony at the trial. In two conditions the sexual experience information was explicit, indicating an active or an inactive past. In three other conditions no explicit information was presented, but the reason was varied: The victim refused to testify, the judge refused to allow testimony, or no men…
Children's perceptions of occupational sex stereotypes
Rape
How Current Users of Public Transit Determine its Attractiveness to Others
Previous research has indicated that individuals prefer to engage in behavior with similar others. From this it was hypothesized that the reported willingness to ride a city bus would be influenced by the perceived similarity between an individual and other riders. Two descriptions of bus riders were developed, one based on demographic information provided by 51 students waiting in line to purchase parking decals and the other based on their ster…
Children's perceptions of relative competence in sex-typed occupations
Sex stereotype impacts on competence ratings by children
Children's assumptions about the generalizability of sex-typed abilities
Sex stereotypes and the leadership role
Gender stereotypes and dimensions of effective leader behavior
Evaluative expectations and the gender schema
The Effect of Cause of Death on Responses to the Bereaved
This study investigated the impact of cause of death on responses to a bereaved individual. Sixty participants (30 men and 30 women) listened to an audiotape of a recently bereaved widow. There were three versions of the tape, each identical except for the stated cause of death: suicide, accident, or heart attack. Participants listened and responded to three segments of the tape. Results indicated that respondents were more anxious after the inte…
Implications of sex and gender differences for self
On the role of humor appreciation in interpersonal attraction
Social Reactions to Attempted Suicide
The effects of gender of subject, gender of suicide attempter, and physical attractiveness of attempter on justification, emotional adjustment, and liking were investigated in this study. One hundred forty-eight male and female undergraduates (average age = 21.93 years) read a brief case history describing an individual who attempted suicide one week ago. Two-thirds of the subjects also received a photograPh. Subjects were randomly assigned to on…
The roles of humor and sense of humor in responses to stressors
Sense of humor and a humorous external event were evaluated as possible factors affecting individuals' emotional responses to a stressor. Participants' anxiety and affective state were assessed prior to and after observing a stress-arousing segment from a movie. Following this stressor, participants received a treatment which involved viewing either a humorous videotape, a nonhumorous videotape, or waiting without distraction, before providing aj…
A correlational test of the relationship between posttraumatic growth, religion, and cognitive processing
The present study examined the degree to which event related rumination, a quest orientation to religion, and religious involvement is related to posttraumatic growth. Fifty‐four young adults, selected based on prescreening for experience of a traumatic event, completed a measure of event related ruminations, the Quest Scale, an index of religious participation, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. The three subscales of the Quest Scale, the t…
Exposure to humor before and after an unpleasant stimulus
Perceived personality associations with differences in sense of humor
Having a high sense of humor has been found to be a general social asset, but there has been no assessment of the specific qualities that are assumed to be associated with variations in sense of humor. Two studies were conducted to examine the assumptions observers would make about the personal qualities associated with varying levels of sense of humor. In the first study, participants (150 female and 86 male college students) were asked to use a…
Distress in response to relationship infidelity
According to the evolutionary model of psychology, biological influences may be a force behind many gender differences in relationship strategies and responses to relationship issues. For example, prior research has shown that males indicated more distress in relation to sexual infidelity, whereas females indicated more distress at the emotional infidelity of their partner. The current study attempted to replicate and extend this previous researc…
Former partners and new rivals as threats to a relationship
The overall aim of this study was to examine differences in responses to relationship infidelity when the infidelity involves a former romantic partner as opposed to a new rival. Participants indicated, for either sexual or emotional infidelity, whether they would be more upset if their partner were involved with a former partner or a new person, and whether they would be forgiving. Men and women saw the former partner as a greater threat when th…
Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth in Psychotherapy
Previous investigations of the impact of trauma-related psychotherapy on clinicians have emphasized the hazardous nature of such work. The present study is the first exploration of clinicians’ perceptions of trauma work to investigate in depth the positive consequences of working with trauma survivors. A sample of 21 psychotherapists participated in a naturalistic interview exploring the impact of trauma work with a particular focus on (a) change…
Judeo-Christian Clergy and Personal Crisis
Psychology (40 obras) · Social Psychology (28 obras) · Developmental psychology (23 obras) · Social Psychology (22 obras) · Clinical Psychology (20 obras) · Posttraumatic growth (15 obras) · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research (14 obras) · Clinical Psychology (12 obras) · Psychiatry (12 obras) · Cognition (8 obras)