Elliot A Ludvig
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 6540335 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Elliot A Ludvig |
| PRENOMES | Elliot A |
| SOBRENOME | Ludvig |
| ASSINATURA | LUDVIG E A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Warwick |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0031-6713 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 14 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 8 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 14 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2013 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
The use of AI in psychology
Psychology and AI have a long and interconnected history that dates from Turing's famous query: ‘Can machines think?’ Since that time, insights into human perception, cognition, language and intelligence have passed between these fields in both directions. Psychological phenomena have fuelled the development of AI, and in parallel, the failures/successes of AI have informed theoretical models of psychological phenomena. In the past decade, the pa…
Blocking of associative learning by explicit descriptions
People given written descriptions often learn and decide differently from those learning from experience, even in formally identical tasks. This paper presents two experiments detailing how telling participants about the value of one stimulus impacts a keystone learning effect - blocking. The paper investigates if descriptions can be used to effectively block future trial-by-trial learning. Participants were presented with coloured shape stimuli …
The Future of Decisions From Experience
In many important real-world decision domains, such as finance, the environment, and health, behavior is strongly influenced by experience. Renewed interest in studying this influence led to important advancements in the understanding of these decisions from experience (DfE) in the last 20 years. Building on this literature, we suggest ways the standard experimental design should be extended to better approach important real-world DfE. These exte…
Rare and extreme outcomes in risky choice
Many real-world decisions involving rare events also involve extreme outcomes. Despite this confluence, decisions-from-experience research has only examined the impact of rarity and extremity in isolation. With rare events, people typically choose as if they underestimate the probability of a rare outcome happening. Separately, people typically overestimate the probability of an extreme outcome happening. Here, for the first time, we examine the …
Evaluation of the ‘take time to think’ safer gambling message
In October 2021, a majority of the UK gambling industry implemented a new UK safer gambling message, ‘take time to think’, which features on gambling advertising and websites. An effective safer gambling message could plausibly affect several relevant gambling behaviours, with previous research suggesting that message effectiveness is maximised via messages that are displayed prominently immediately prior to gambling. We experimentally tested thi…
The common origin of both oversimplified and overly complex decision rules
Many deviations from rational choice imply the neglect of important evidence and suggest the use of simple heuristics. In contrast, other deviations imply sensitivity to irrelevant evidence and suggest the use of overly complex rules. The current analysis takes two steps toward identifying the conditions that trigger these contradictory deviations from efficient reasoning. The first step involves a theoretical analysis. It shows that the contradi…
Of tinfoil hats and thinking caps
Biased confabulation in risky choice
When people make risky decisions based on past experience, they must rely on memory. The nature of the memory representations that support these decisions is not yet well understood. A key question concerns the extent to which people recall specific past episodes or whether they have learned a more abstract rule from their past experience. To address this question, we examined the precision of the memories used in risky decisions-from-experience.…
Request-a-bet sports betting products indicate patterns of bettor preference and bookmaker profits
Percentage and Currency Framing of House-Edge Gambling Warning Labels
Who uses custom sports betting products
Background The expansion of online gambling in the UK has been accompanied by an increase in the number of novel betting products, particularly for soccer. The present research investigates which types of sports bettors are the most likely to use novel gambling products called ‘custom sports bets’ (CSBs), which allow gamblers to create their own unique bets.Method A large-scale, cross-sectional survey of online sports/horse racing bettors (n = 78…
Statistical risk warnings in gambling
Gambling is considered a public health issue by many researchers, similarly to alcohol or obesity. Statistical risk warnings on gambling products can be considered a public health intervention that encourages safer gambling while preserving freedom of consumer choice. Statistical risk warnings may be useful to gamblers, given that net gambling losses are the primary driver of harm and that gambling products vary greatly in the degree to which the…
Decision‐makers use social information to update their preferences but choose for others as they do for themselves
People's risky decisions are susceptible to the social context in which they take place. Across three experiments using different paradigms, we investigated the influence of three social factors upon participants' decisions: the recipient of the decision‐making outcome (self, other, or joint), the nature of the relationship with the other agent (friend, stranger, or teammate), and the type of information that participants received about others' p…
Extreme Outcomes Sway Risky Decisions from Experience
Whether buying stocks or playing the slots, people making real‐world risky decisions often rely on their experiences with the risks and rewards. These decisions, however, do not occur in isolation but are embedded in a rich context of other decisions, outcomes, and experiences. In this paper, we systematically evaluate how the local context of other rewarding outcomes alters risk preferences. Through a series of four experiments on decisions from…
Extreme Outcomes Sway Risky Decisions from Experience
Whether buying stocks or playing the slots, people making real‐world risky decisions often rely on their experiences with the risks and rewards. These decisions, however, do not occur in isolation but are embedded in a rich context of other decisions, outcomes, and experiences. In this paper, we systematically evaluate how the local context of other rewarding outcomes alters risk preferences. Through a series of four experiments on decisions from…
The common origin of both oversimplified and overly complex decision rules
Many deviations from rational choice imply the neglect of important evidence and suggest the use of simple heuristics. In contrast, other deviations imply sensitivity to irrelevant evidence and suggest the use of overly complex rules. The current analysis takes two steps toward identifying the conditions that trigger these contradictory deviations from efficient reasoning. The first step involves a theoretical analysis. It shows that the contradi…
Evaluation of the ‘take time to think’ safer gambling message
In October 2021, a majority of the UK gambling industry implemented a new UK safer gambling message, ‘take time to think’, which features on gambling advertising and websites. An effective safer gambling message could plausibly affect several relevant gambling behaviours, with previous research suggesting that message effectiveness is maximised via messages that are displayed prominently immediately prior to gambling. We experimentally tested thi…
Statistical risk warnings in gambling
Gambling is considered a public health issue by many researchers, similarly to alcohol or obesity. Statistical risk warnings on gambling products can be considered a public health intervention that encourages safer gambling while preserving freedom of consumer choice. Statistical risk warnings may be useful to gamblers, given that net gambling losses are the primary driver of harm and that gambling products vary greatly in the degree to which the…
Extreme Outcomes Sway Risky Decisions from Experience
Whether buying stocks or playing the slots, people making real‐world risky decisions often rely on their experiences with the risks and rewards. These decisions, however, do not occur in isolation but are embedded in a rich context of other decisions, outcomes, and experiences. In this paper, we systematically evaluate how the local context of other rewarding outcomes alters risk preferences. Through a series of four experiments on decisions from…
Decision‐makers use social information to update their preferences but choose for others as they do for themselves
People's risky decisions are susceptible to the social context in which they take place. Across three experiments using different paradigms, we investigated the influence of three social factors upon participants' decisions: the recipient of the decision‐making outcome (self, other, or joint), the nature of the relationship with the other agent (friend, stranger, or teammate), and the type of information that participants received about others' p…
Percentage and Currency Framing of House-Edge Gambling Warning Labels
Who uses custom sports betting products
Background The expansion of online gambling in the UK has been accompanied by an increase in the number of novel betting products, particularly for soccer. The present research investigates which types of sports bettors are the most likely to use novel gambling products called ‘custom sports bets’ (CSBs), which allow gamblers to create their own unique bets.Method A large-scale, cross-sectional survey of online sports/horse racing bettors (n = 78…
Statistical risk warnings in gambling
Gambling is considered a public health issue by many researchers, similarly to alcohol or obesity. Statistical risk warnings on gambling products can be considered a public health intervention that encourages safer gambling while preserving freedom of consumer choice. Statistical risk warnings may be useful to gamblers, given that net gambling losses are the primary driver of harm and that gambling products vary greatly in the degree to which the…
Request-a-bet sports betting products indicate patterns of bettor preference and bookmaker profits
Of tinfoil hats and thinking caps
Biased confabulation in risky choice
When people make risky decisions based on past experience, they must rely on memory. The nature of the memory representations that support these decisions is not yet well understood. A key question concerns the extent to which people recall specific past episodes or whether they have learned a more abstract rule from their past experience. To address this question, we examined the precision of the memories used in risky decisions-from-experience.…
Evaluation of the ‘take time to think’ safer gambling message
In October 2021, a majority of the UK gambling industry implemented a new UK safer gambling message, ‘take time to think’, which features on gambling advertising and websites. An effective safer gambling message could plausibly affect several relevant gambling behaviours, with previous research suggesting that message effectiveness is maximised via messages that are displayed prominently immediately prior to gambling. We experimentally tested thi…
The common origin of both oversimplified and overly complex decision rules
Many deviations from rational choice imply the neglect of important evidence and suggest the use of simple heuristics. In contrast, other deviations imply sensitivity to irrelevant evidence and suggest the use of overly complex rules. The current analysis takes two steps toward identifying the conditions that trigger these contradictory deviations from efficient reasoning. The first step involves a theoretical analysis. It shows that the contradi…
The Future of Decisions From Experience
In many important real-world decision domains, such as finance, the environment, and health, behavior is strongly influenced by experience. Renewed interest in studying this influence led to important advancements in the understanding of these decisions from experience (DfE) in the last 20 years. Building on this literature, we suggest ways the standard experimental design should be extended to better approach important real-world DfE. These exte…
Rare and extreme outcomes in risky choice
Many real-world decisions involving rare events also involve extreme outcomes. Despite this confluence, decisions-from-experience research has only examined the impact of rarity and extremity in isolation. With rare events, people typically choose as if they underestimate the probability of a rare outcome happening. Separately, people typically overestimate the probability of an extreme outcome happening. Here, for the first time, we examine the …
Blocking of associative learning by explicit descriptions
People given written descriptions often learn and decide differently from those learning from experience, even in formally identical tasks. This paper presents two experiments detailing how telling participants about the value of one stimulus impacts a keystone learning effect - blocking. The paper investigates if descriptions can be used to effectively block future trial-by-trial learning. Participants were presented with coloured shape stimuli …
The use of AI in psychology
Psychology and AI have a long and interconnected history that dates from Turing's famous query: ‘Can machines think?’ Since that time, insights into human perception, cognition, language and intelligence have passed between these fields in both directions. Psychological phenomena have fuelled the development of AI, and in parallel, the failures/successes of AI have informed theoretical models of psychological phenomena. In the past decade, the pa…
Psychology (13 obras) · Social Psychology (10 obras) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (7 obras) · Social Psychology (7 obras) · Cognitive psychology (6 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras) · Advertising (5 obras) · Business (5 obras) · Economics (5 obras) · Gambling Behavior and Treatments (5 obras)