Philip G Zimbardo
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 658131 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Philip G Zimbardo |
| PRENOMES | Philip G |
| SOBRENOME | Zimbardo |
| ASSINATURA | ZIMBARDO P G |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Stanford University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 62 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 811 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 62 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1957 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
A Time to Get Vaccinated? The Role of Time Perspective, Consideration of Future Consequences, Conspiracy Beliefs, Religious Faith, Gender, and Race on Intention to Vaccinate for Covid-19 in the United…
The present study examined the predictability of Time Perspective (TP) tendencies (i.e., Past Positive, Past Negative, Present Hedonistic, Present Fatalistic, and Future), the Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) profile, the Consideration of Future Consequences-Immediate (CFC-I) factor, the Consideration of Future Consequences-Future (CFC-F) factor, conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 being a hoax, religious faith, gender, and race on COVID-19 vaccinat…
Society divided
Fear is one of the strongest motivators. It induces and seals the borderlines between nations, society groups, races, religions, but also family members, students, kids in the neighborhood. We can differ in many things, even strongly conflicting yet with no violence, but when fear appears, especially enforced by lack of responsibility conviction, conflicts turn, step by step into spiral we call “Lucifer Effect”. Politicians who pursue more contro…
New perspectives on time perspective and temporal focus
How Orwell’s 1984 has influenced Rev. Jim Jones to dominate and then destroy his followers
How Compulsive Buying Is Influenced by Time Perspective—Cross-Cultural Evidence from Germany, Ukraine, and China
Heroism Research
Heroism as an expression of self-actualization and a pinnacle social state is of fundamental interest to humanistic psychology and the field more broadly. This review places the growing discussion on heroic action in a humanistic perspective, as heroism aligns with ethical self-actualization in its highest form, personal meaning making, and social good, and can also involve profound existential costs. This review is organized in four major sectio…
The process of desistance among core ex-gang members
Research has established robust links between gang membership, delinquency, violence and victimization. Yet studies examining the process of gang desistance in general and that of core gang members in particular, are quite rare. The current study aims to identify factors associated with desistance of core gang members as well as describe the nature of the process that these "formers" have undergone. Thirty-nine core ex-gang members (80% males and…
Carrying on Kurt Lewin's Legacy in Many Current Domains Lewin Award 2015
It is a great honor for me to receive this honor in the name of my professional model and idol, Kurt Lewin. I want to begin by sharing some of his unique history, which may not be widely known. Then, I will outline some of my research programs that were influenced by Lewin's pioneering thinking, experiments, and social applications. Part of my generalist orientation also comes from appreciation of the breadth of his interests. I shall describe my…
Culture, militarism, and America’s heroic future
This paper critically reflects back on culture, militarism, and the heroic. We see a need for greater attention to militarism, as well as re-evaluation of the heroic, on the part of cultural researchers. The heroic involves not just extraordinary physical action, but also acting with moral courage to end injustices, to support human rights, and the development of society to becoming a full or “actualized” democracy. This necessarily requires the …
Jacob Max Rabbie (1927–2013)
Jacob Max Rabbie, an internationally renowned social psychologist and a founding member of the European Association of Social Psychology (EASP), died on June 29, 2013. Jaap was born in Haarlem, the Netherlands, on October 4, 1927. Jaap studied social psychology at the University of Amsterdam and became the face of Dutch social psychology. His later research focused on aggression between individuals and groups, his early work attempted to isolate …
A Global Look at Time
In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries ( N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-fact…
Transformational Teaching
Heroism
Heroism represents the ideal of citizens transforming civic virtue into the highest form of civic action, accepting either physical peril or social sacrifice. While implicit theories of heroism abound, surprisingly little theoretical or empirical work has been done to better understand the phenomenon. Toward this goal, we summarize our efforts to systematically develop a taxonomy of heroic subtypes as a starting point for theory building. Next we…
Time perspective, emotional intelligence and discounting of delayed awards
Although the tendency to delay gratification is by definition the core feature of twoincreasingly popular-within the scope of individual differences at least-constructs: emotional intelligence (EI) and time perspective (TP), the role of the latter two in its development has never been investigated before. Moreover, none of existing research reports consider mutual relationships between EI and TP. Our research investigated relationships between TP…
After years of media coverage, can one more video report trigger heuristic judgments? A national study of American terrorism risk perceptions
Terrorists seek to elevate the perceived risk of terrorism by exploiting common psychological reactions to threats that capture media attention. Two heuristics or ‘mental shortcuts’ have been proposed to account for the effects of media reports of terrorism on risk perceptions: one emphasizing cognitive factors, the Availability Heuristic, the other emphasizing emotional factors, the Affect Heuristic. This study examines these heuristics in a nat…
Psychology
The Time Paradox
Corporate funding and conflicts of interest
A presidential task force on external funding was established by the American Psychological Association (APA) in 2003 to review APA policies, procedures, and practices regarding the acceptance of funding and support from private corporations for educational and training programs; continuing education offerings; research projects; publications; advertising; scientific and professional meetings and conferences; and consulting, practice, and advocac…
Balancing Time Perspective in Pursuit of Optimal Functioning
This chapter contains sections titled: Measurement of Time Perspective Time Perspective Profiles and Findings from Time Perspective Research Balanced Time Perspective Time Perspective and Well-Being Critiques and Future Research Directions Applications of Time Perspective Conclusion
A Study of Prisoners and Guards in a Simulated Prison
Personalizing Politics
Modern politics become personalized as individual characteristics of voters and candidates assume greater importance in political discourse. Although personalities of candidates capture center stage and become the focus of voters' preferences, individual characteristics of voters, such as their traits and values, become decisive for political choice. The authors' findings reveal that people vote for candidates whose personality traits are in acco…
Does Psychology make a significant difference in our lives
The intellectual tension between the virtues of basic versus applied research that characterized an earlier era of psychology is being replaced by an appreciation of creative applications of all research essential to improving the quality of human life. Psychologists are positioned to "give psychology away" to all those who can benefit from our wisdom. Psychologists were not there 35 years ago when American Psychological Association (APA) Preside…
The president's address
This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (autho…
Personalities of politicians and voters
A rare collection of personality assessments from 103 Italian politicians revealed predictable patterns of contrasts and similarities with personality dimensions from a large normative sample (N = 4,578). Three modal personality characteristics distinguished politicians, with their significantly higher levels of Energy, Agreeableness, and Social Desirability, from the general public. Comparability between politicians and the public existed on dim…
Testing Zimbardo's Stanford Time Perspective Inventory (STPI) - Short Form
In the present study the psychometric properties of the Stanford Time Perspective Inventory (STPI - short version) are assessed in an Italian sample. Factorial analysis of STPI items was performed on 1507 respondents (965 women and 542 men). Results showed a clear correspondence between factorial components and a priori hypothesized dimensions by evidencing three factors (Future, Hedonistic Present, Fatalistic Present). Italian translation of the…
Putting time in perspective
Personalizing Politics
Modern politics become personalized as individual characteristics of voters and candidates assume greater importance in political discourse. Although personalities of candidates capture center stage and become the focus of voters' preferences, individual characteristics of voters, such as their traits and values, become decisive for political choice. The authors' findings reveal that people vote for candidates whose personality traits are in acco…
Who's Smoking, Drinking, and Using Drugs? Time Perspective as a Predictor of Substance Use
Two studies examined whether those identified as having a more present time perspective (PTP) are more likely to report using alcohol, drugs, and tobacco. In Study 1, across 2,627 participants from 15 samples, we found that PTP, as assessed by the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, was related to more frequent self-reported alcohol, drug, and tobacco use (Substance Use scale: average r = .34, p <.001). Future time perspective (FTP) was negative…
Personality Profiles and Political Parties
This paper explores relationships between basic personality profiles of voters and their political party preferences. The Italian political system has moved recently from previously extreme, ideologically distinctive parties to form complex coalitions varying around more centrist orientations. Significant evidence was found for the utility of the Five‐Factor Model of Personality in distinguishing between voters' expressed preferences, even given …
"The Psychological Impact of Viewing the Film "JFK
Oliver Stone's controversial film, JFK induced an array of psychological sequelae in an educated, politically diverse audience seeing the film under natural circumstances. Fifty-three adults were surveyed as they entered a theater to see the film, while another 54 respondents answered the same questions as they exited from seeing the film. The film significantly aroused anger and changed beliefs toward accepting the broad conspiracy hypothesis of…
Involvement and communication discrepancy as determinants of opinion conformity
When Parsimony Subdues Distinctiveness
Voters develop uniquely simplified perceptions of political candidates’ personalities during election campaigns. In an earlier study, voters described their own personalities, and also those of celebrities, using the same five factors typical of the Big Five model of personality. In contrast, the appraisal of political candidates’ personalities by voters in both Italy and the United States was reduced to only a few factors. The present research e…
Personalities of politicians and voters
A rare collection of personality assessments from 103 Italian politicians revealed predictable patterns of contrasts and similarities with personality dimensions from a large normative sample (N = 4,578). Three modal personality characteristics distinguished politicians, with their significantly higher levels of Energy, Agreeableness, and Social Desirability, from the general public. Comparability between politicians and the public existed on dim…
Toward an attribution therapy
The effect of effort and improvisation on self-persuasion produced by role-playing
Anxiety, fear, and social isolation
Testing Zimbardo's Stanford Time Perspective Inventory (STPI) - Short Form
In the present study the psychometric properties of the Stanford Time Perspective Inventory (STPI - short version) are assessed in an Italian sample. Factorial analysis of STPI items was performed on 1507 respondents (965 women and 542 men). Results showed a clear correspondence between factorial components and a priori hypothesized dimensions by evidencing three factors (Future, Hedonistic Present, Fatalistic Present). Italian translation of the…
Time perspective, emotional intelligence and discounting of delayed awards
Although the tendency to delay gratification is by definition the core feature of twoincreasingly popular-within the scope of individual differences at least-constructs: emotional intelligence (EI) and time perspective (TP), the role of the latter two in its development has never been investigated before. Moreover, none of existing research reports consider mutual relationships between EI and TP. Our research investigated relationships between TP…
Constructing Time After Death
This article reports on an `extraordinary' time perspective, one that partitions the future into pre- and post-death time frames. Based on data from 1235 individuals, the `transcendental-future' extends from the point of imagined death of the physical body to infinity, yet may influence present behavior. Related to numerous psychological variables, the transcendental-future is a component of, but not synonymous with, many religious beliefs. From …
A Global Look at Time
In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries ( N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-fact…
Affective consequences of inadequately explained physiological arousal
Does Psychology make a significant difference in our lives
The intellectual tension between the virtues of basic versus applied research that characterized an earlier era of psychology is being replaced by an appreciation of creative applications of all research essential to improving the quality of human life. Psychologists are positioned to "give psychology away" to all those who can benefit from our wisdom. Psychologists were not there 35 years ago when American Psychological Association (APA) Preside…
Modifying shyness-related social behavior through symptom misattribution
An experimental misattribution paradigm proved to be a significant intervention treatment of altering social participation among dispositionally shy women. When specific arousal symptoms previously associated with their social anxiety were misattributed to a nonpsychological source, high-frequency noise, these extremely shy women behaved as if they were not shy. Their verbal fluency and interactional assertiveness resembled that of not-shy compar…
After years of media coverage, can one more video report trigger heuristic judgments? A national study of American terrorism risk perceptions
Terrorists seek to elevate the perceived risk of terrorism by exploiting common psychological reactions to threats that capture media attention. Two heuristics or ‘mental shortcuts’ have been proposed to account for the effects of media reports of terrorism on risk perceptions: one emphasizing cognitive factors, the Availability Heuristic, the other emphasizing emotional factors, the Affect Heuristic. This study examines these heuristics in a nat…
"On "Obedience to authority
Verbal Ambiguity and Judgmental Distortion
New perspectives on time perspective and temporal focus
Corporate funding and conflicts of interest
A presidential task force on external funding was established by the American Psychological Association (APA) in 2003 to review APA policies, procedures, and practices regarding the acceptance of funding and support from private corporations for educational and training programs; continuing education offerings; research projects; publications; advertising; scientific and professional meetings and conferences; and consulting, practice, and advocac…
Experimental modification of the relationship between effort, attitude, and behavior
How Orwell’s 1984 has influenced Rev. Jim Jones to dominate and then destroy his followers
Effects of "Free-Environment" Rearing Upon Exploratory Behavior
Effects of “Free-Environment” Rearing upon Exploratory Behavior
Verbal Ambiguity and Judgmental Distortion
Verbal Ambiguity and Judgmental Distortion
Involvement and communication discrepancy as determinants of opinion conformity
Anxiety, fear, and social isolation
The role of anxiety and defensiveness in children's verbal behavior1
Emotional comparison and self-esteem as determinants of affiliation1
Relationship between projective and direct measures of fear arousal
Communicator effectiveness in producing public conformity and private attitude change 1
The effect of effort and improvisation on self-persuasion produced by role-playing
Statement by SPSSI on current IQ controversy
Racial factors in intelligence—A rebuttal
Toward an attribution therapy
No Dissonance for Machiavellians
Experimental modification of the relationship between effort, attitude, and behavior
Feedback from our readers
Influencing Attitudes and Changing Behavior
"On "Obedience to authority
Affective consequences of inadequately explained physiological arousal
Modifying shyness-related social behavior through symptom misattribution
An experimental misattribution paradigm proved to be a significant intervention treatment of altering social participation among dispositionally shy women. When specific arousal symptoms previously associated with their social anxiety were misattributed to a nonpsychological source, high-frequency noise, these extremely shy women behaved as if they were not shy. Their verbal fluency and interactional assertiveness resembled that of not-shy compar…
On the degree of stability of measured hypnotizability over a 25-year period
Conducted a longitudinal study of hypnotizability, as measured by the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form A, that yielded a relatively high degree of stability in hypnotic responsiveness over repeated testings spanning a 25-year period. The 50 Ss were retested in 1985, after tests when they were students, between 1958-1962 and again in 1970. The statistically significant stability coefficients were .64 (10-year retest), .82 (15-year rete…
"The Psychological Impact of Viewing the Film "JFK
Oliver Stone's controversial film, JFK induced an array of psychological sequelae in an educated, politically diverse audience seeing the film under natural circumstances. Fifty-three adults were surveyed as they entered a theater to see the film, while another 54 respondents answered the same questions as they exited from seeing the film. The film significantly aroused anger and changed beliefs toward accepting the broad conspiracy hypothesis of…
Present time perspective as a predictor of risky driving
This research introduces a new individual difference variable, time perspective, as an important predictor of risky driving. Across three separate replications, with 2863 participants, present time perspective is significantly correlated with reported risky driving behaviors. Its effect is greater than, and independent of, the negative correlations between future time perspective and risky driving. Additionally, males are more present-oriented an…
Similarities and Differences between Dreaming and Waking Cognition
Psychology (55 obras) · Social Psychology (38 obras) · Political science (25 obras) · Social Psychology (24 obras) · Sociology (17 obras) · Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research (14 obras) · Developmental psychology (12 obras) · Law (12 obras) · Optimism, Hope, and Well-being (10 obras) · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction (10 obras)