Deborah Oxley
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 688271 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Deborah Oxley |
| PRENOMES | Deborah |
| SOBRENOME | Oxley |
| ASSINATURA | OXLEY D |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Oxford |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6871-143X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 29 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 167 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 29 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1989 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2019 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Toddlers, teenagers, and terminal heights
Does adult stature capture conditions at birth or at some other stage in the growth cycle? Anthropometrics is lauded as a method for capturing net nutritional status over all the growing years. However, it is frequently assumed that conditions at birth were most influential. Was this true for historical populations? This article examines the heights of Flemish men born between 1800 and 1876 to tease apart which moments of growth were most sensiti…
Gender bias in nineteenth-century England
Female Heights and Economic Development
Female heights matter. They matter for girls’ and women’s health and productivity, as a measure of inequality, and—significantly—as a bridge transferring welfare across generations. This chapter examines some of the early historiography on female stature and summarizes the historical evidence. The focus then shifts to how we understand the growth of girls versus boys and the methods used to measure historical populations. The chapter then outline…
Growing Incomes, Growing People in Nineteenth‐Century T asmania
The earliest measures of well‐being for E uropeans born in the P acific region are heights and wages in T asmania. Evidence of rising stature in middle decades of the nineteenth century survives multiple checks for measurement, compositional, and selection bias. The challenge to health and stature seen in other settler societies (the ‘antebellum paradox’) is not visible here. We sketch an interpretation for the simultaneous rise of T asmanian sta…
Blood and bone
In mid-nineteenth-century Britain, a new institution emerged: the modern prison. Some prisons invested in scales. Upon entry, prisoners were measured and personal details documented. These meticulously compiled records afford a new vantage point from which we can peer into the dynamics of the household. Body measurements – height, weight, and body mass (weight adjusted for height) – connect to both patterns of consumption and health risk. Prison …
An Archaeology of Institutional Confinement
Food and Fodder
As population growth exploded over the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, how well did England’s food producers meet the challenge of feeding the people? From the mid eighteenth century, notes of concern sounded from numerous sources that food availability would not match the nutritional needs of a rapidly growing population. Thomas Malthus (1766–1834), mathematician, parson and political economist, lived through this critical period and was un…
Bringing home the bacon? Regional nutrition, stature, and gender in the industrial revolution1
The impact of changing diet and resultant nutrition on living standards over the industrial revolution has been much debated, yet existing data have enabled only general trends to be identified. We use data from Eden's survey of parishes in 1795 and the Rural Queries of 1834 to go beyond average calorie intake, instead focusing on micronutrients and quality of diet. From this we discern regional differences in diet. In 1795 these differences were…
Measuring misery
Pitted but not pitied' or, does smallpox make you small?1
This article examines three propositions put by Leunig and Voth: that smallpox reduced stature irrespective of location, that stunting was most apparent among adolescents, and that these relationships were obscured in my earlier work by small sample size. It tests these claims by re-examining the original data-including the neglected Wandsworth data set-and questioning the meaning of the chosen method of graphical representation. Furthermore, and…
Contracting Convicts
The place of penal transportation in Australia's economic history has always been controversial. Convict workers were frequently denigrated as worse than useless, yet without convicts the settlements would have lacked sufficient labour for development. In Van Diemen's Land in the 1840s, convicts constituted more than half the labour supply, and if emancipists are included it was more like three-quarters. After transportation to New South Wales wa…
Living Standards of Women in Prefamine Ireland
Living Standards of Women in Prefamine Ireland
Prefamine Irish living standards have proved enigmatic. They are intriguing because they hold the key to understanding the trajectory of economic development in the first half of the nineteenth century. They have remained elusive because of the paucity of available information. Using Australian data, this paper examines regional trends in Irish-born female convict heights, identifying divergent tendencies between west and east that left Ulster wo…
The seat of death and terror
Recent works have investigated whether smallpox stunted growth. The answer is important for disentangling the factors driving changing heights. This article outlines the disease and its history in Britain. It then introduces a new source for the study of smallpox: prisoner records. These offer rich descriptions of individuals, including a pockmarked complexion. While pockmarks were not clearly associated with stunting in Ireland or in most of Eng…
The Floating Brothel
Work and prudence
A survey of industrial households conducted in 1889–90 is used to investigate participation in self-help organisations, such as sickness and death benefit clubs and friendly societies, and to examine whether payouts were important in seeing families through earnings crises. Formal self-help has been hypothesised to underpin the male breadwinner family form, reducing the risk incumbent in reliance on one source of earnings. The results here show t…
Crust or crumb
Migration and Opportunity
Australian data can reflect on British questions, about the quality of immigrant labour, and the opportunities gained by migrating, in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Three case studies are presented. The first uses quantitative methods and convict transportation records to argue that Ireland suffered a “brain drain” when Britain industrialized, siphoning off the cream of its workers to England and some, eventually, to Australia. Dr…
Books
War and Peace in Western Australia: The Social and Political Impact of the Great War 1914–1926. By Bobbie Oliver. University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 1995. Pp. 314. $24.95 paper. Unfit for Heroes: Reconstruction and Soldier Settlement in the Empire between the Wars. By Kent Fedorowich. Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1995. Pp. xii + 243. £40.00 cloth. Disturbing the Wan Melbourne Catholics and Vietnam. By Val Noone. Spectrum, M…
Knowing Women
1. The woman at the piano: women, education and culture in the nineteenth-century frame of reference 2. The lost ladies' schools of colonial Australia 3. The keystone of the arch? Women and the universities in colonial Australia 4. Inventing the secondary school for girls: Brisbane Girls' Grammar School and Sydney Girls' High School 5. The administration of gender: the case of Victoria's lady teachers, 1850-1900 6. The everyday world of women who…
Convict Maids
1. Elizabeth: a note on data and method 2. Mercury's charges: the crimes of convict women 3. Piso's justice: Irish and English offenders 4. Economic accoutrements: the skills of convict women 5. Ireland's distant shores: working life in Ireland 6. England's castaways: working life in England 7. Colonial requirements: coerced and free immigrants 8. Misconceptions 9. Britain's loss/Australia's gain? Concluding remarks
Living Standards of Women in England and Wales, 1785-1815
Stephen Nicholas, Deborah Oxley, Living Standards of Women in England and Wales, 1785-1815: New Evidence from Newgate Prison Records, The Economic History Review, New Series, Vol. 49, No. 3 (Aug., 1996), pp. 591-599
Packing her (economic) bags
(1994). Packing her (economic) bags: Convict women workers. Australian Historical Studies: Vol. 26, No. 102, pp. 57-76
Deborah Oxley's 'Female Convicts
The living standards of women during the industrial revolution, 1795-1820
The living standards of women during the industrial revolution, 1795-1820
Measuring misery
The seat of death and terror
Recent works have investigated whether smallpox stunted growth. The answer is important for disentangling the factors driving changing heights. This article outlines the disease and its history in Britain. It then introduces a new source for the study of smallpox: prisoner records. These offer rich descriptions of individuals, including a pockmarked complexion. While pockmarks were not clearly associated with stunting in Ireland or in most of Eng…
Work and prudence
A survey of industrial households conducted in 1889–90 is used to investigate participation in self-help organisations, such as sickness and death benefit clubs and friendly societies, and to examine whether payouts were important in seeing families through earnings crises. Formal self-help has been hypothesised to underpin the male breadwinner family form, reducing the risk incumbent in reliance on one source of earnings. The results here show t…
Crust or crumb
Bringing home the bacon? Regional nutrition, stature, and gender in the industrial revolution1
The impact of changing diet and resultant nutrition on living standards over the industrial revolution has been much debated, yet existing data have enabled only general trends to be identified. We use data from Eden's survey of parishes in 1795 and the Rural Queries of 1834 to go beyond average calorie intake, instead focusing on micronutrients and quality of diet. From this we discern regional differences in diet. In 1795 these differences were…
Blood and bone
In mid-nineteenth-century Britain, a new institution emerged: the modern prison. Some prisons invested in scales. Upon entry, prisoners were measured and personal details documented. These meticulously compiled records afford a new vantage point from which we can peer into the dynamics of the household. Body measurements – height, weight, and body mass (weight adjusted for height) – connect to both patterns of consumption and health risk. Prison …
Food and Fodder
As population growth exploded over the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, how well did England’s food producers meet the challenge of feeding the people? From the mid eighteenth century, notes of concern sounded from numerous sources that food availability would not match the nutritional needs of a rapidly growing population. Thomas Malthus (1766–1834), mathematician, parson and political economist, lived through this critical period and was un…
Pitted but not pitied' or, does smallpox make you small?1
This article examines three propositions put by Leunig and Voth: that smallpox reduced stature irrespective of location, that stunting was most apparent among adolescents, and that these relationships were obscured in my earlier work by small sample size. It tests these claims by re-examining the original data-including the neglected Wandsworth data set-and questioning the meaning of the chosen method of graphical representation. Furthermore, and…
Toddlers, teenagers, and terminal heights
Does adult stature capture conditions at birth or at some other stage in the growth cycle? Anthropometrics is lauded as a method for capturing net nutritional status over all the growing years. However, it is frequently assumed that conditions at birth were most influential. Was this true for historical populations? This article examines the heights of Flemish men born between 1800 and 1876 to tease apart which moments of growth were most sensiti…
Living Standards of Women in Prefamine Ireland
Living Standards of Women in Prefamine Ireland
Prefamine Irish living standards have proved enigmatic. They are intriguing because they hold the key to understanding the trajectory of economic development in the first half of the nineteenth century. They have remained elusive because of the paucity of available information. Using Australian data, this paper examines regional trends in Irish-born female convict heights, identifying divergent tendencies between west and east that left Ulster wo…
Migration and Opportunity
Australian data can reflect on British questions, about the quality of immigrant labour, and the opportunities gained by migrating, in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Three case studies are presented. The first uses quantitative methods and convict transportation records to argue that Ireland suffered a “brain drain” when Britain industrialized, siphoning off the cream of its workers to England and some, eventually, to Australia. Dr…
Women transported
For several decades historians have been criticising stereotyped depictions of female convicts as whores. Moving beyond such images, these historians have demonstrated that female transportees were active and resourceful in the colony. However, crumbling images and dynamic colonial roles have not yet been teamed with a thorough reassessment of the types of criminals the women were before being transported. Influential 19th century views regarding…
Living Standards of Women in England and Wales, 1785-1815
Stephen Nicholas, Deborah Oxley, Living Standards of Women in England and Wales, 1785-1815: New Evidence from Newgate Prison Records, The Economic History Review, New Series, Vol. 49, No. 3 (Aug., 1996), pp. 591-599
An Archaeology of Institutional Confinement
Deborah Oxley's 'Female Convicts
Female Convicts
Introduction Who were the female convicts? The female convicts have not been subsumed within any universal set of ‘convicts’ for two reasons. Firstly, in a patriarchal society the attributes attained by women and men frequently differ; as there were so few females among the convicts transported to New South Wales such differences are easily swamped in a statistical sample which reflects this sex imbalance, that is, in which males predominate. To …
Camden
Women transported
For several decades historians have been criticising stereotyped depictions of female convicts as whores. Moving beyond such images, these historians have demonstrated that female transportees were active and resourceful in the colony. However, crumbling images and dynamic colonial roles have not yet been teamed with a thorough reassessment of the types of criminals the women were before being transported. Influential 19th century views regarding…
Working Australia
Deborah Oxley's 'Female Convicts
The living standards of women during the industrial revolution, 1795-1820
Packing her (economic) bags
(1994). Packing her (economic) bags: Convict women workers. Australian Historical Studies: Vol. 26, No. 102, pp. 57-76
Living Standards of Women in England and Wales, 1785-1815
Stephen Nicholas, Deborah Oxley, Living Standards of Women in England and Wales, 1785-1815: New Evidence from Newgate Prison Records, The Economic History Review, New Series, Vol. 49, No. 3 (Aug., 1996), pp. 591-599
Books
War and Peace in Western Australia: The Social and Political Impact of the Great War 1914–1926. By Bobbie Oliver. University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 1995. Pp. 314. $24.95 paper. Unfit for Heroes: Reconstruction and Soldier Settlement in the Empire between the Wars. By Kent Fedorowich. Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1995. Pp. xii + 243. £40.00 cloth. Disturbing the Wan Melbourne Catholics and Vietnam. By Val Noone. Spectrum, M…
Knowing Women
1. The woman at the piano: women, education and culture in the nineteenth-century frame of reference 2. The lost ladies' schools of colonial Australia 3. The keystone of the arch? Women and the universities in colonial Australia 4. Inventing the secondary school for girls: Brisbane Girls' Grammar School and Sydney Girls' High School 5. The administration of gender: the case of Victoria's lady teachers, 1850-1900 6. The everyday world of women who…
Convict Maids
1. Elizabeth: a note on data and method 2. Mercury's charges: the crimes of convict women 3. Piso's justice: Irish and English offenders 4. Economic accoutrements: the skills of convict women 5. Ireland's distant shores: working life in Ireland 6. England's castaways: working life in England 7. Colonial requirements: coerced and free immigrants 8. Misconceptions 9. Britain's loss/Australia's gain? Concluding remarks
Migration and Opportunity
Australian data can reflect on British questions, about the quality of immigrant labour, and the opportunities gained by migrating, in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Three case studies are presented. The first uses quantitative methods and convict transportation records to argue that Ireland suffered a “brain drain” when Britain industrialized, siphoning off the cream of its workers to England and some, eventually, to Australia. Dr…
Crust or crumb
Work and prudence
A survey of industrial households conducted in 1889–90 is used to investigate participation in self-help organisations, such as sickness and death benefit clubs and friendly societies, and to examine whether payouts were important in seeing families through earnings crises. Formal self-help has been hypothesised to underpin the male breadwinner family form, reducing the risk incumbent in reliance on one source of earnings. The results here show t…
The Floating Brothel
The seat of death and terror
Recent works have investigated whether smallpox stunted growth. The answer is important for disentangling the factors driving changing heights. This article outlines the disease and its history in Britain. It then introduces a new source for the study of smallpox: prisoner records. These offer rich descriptions of individuals, including a pockmarked complexion. While pockmarks were not clearly associated with stunting in Ireland or in most of Eng…
Living Standards of Women in Prefamine Ireland
Living Standards of Women in Prefamine Ireland
Prefamine Irish living standards have proved enigmatic. They are intriguing because they hold the key to understanding the trajectory of economic development in the first half of the nineteenth century. They have remained elusive because of the paucity of available information. Using Australian data, this paper examines regional trends in Irish-born female convict heights, identifying divergent tendencies between west and east that left Ulster wo…
Contracting Convicts
The place of penal transportation in Australia's economic history has always been controversial. Convict workers were frequently denigrated as worse than useless, yet without convicts the settlements would have lacked sufficient labour for development. In Van Diemen's Land in the 1840s, convicts constituted more than half the labour supply, and if emancipists are included it was more like three-quarters. After transportation to New South Wales wa…
Pitted but not pitied' or, does smallpox make you small?1
This article examines three propositions put by Leunig and Voth: that smallpox reduced stature irrespective of location, that stunting was most apparent among adolescents, and that these relationships were obscured in my earlier work by small sample size. It tests these claims by re-examining the original data-including the neglected Wandsworth data set-and questioning the meaning of the chosen method of graphical representation. Furthermore, and…
Measuring misery
Bringing home the bacon? Regional nutrition, stature, and gender in the industrial revolution1
The impact of changing diet and resultant nutrition on living standards over the industrial revolution has been much debated, yet existing data have enabled only general trends to be identified. We use data from Eden's survey of parishes in 1795 and the Rural Queries of 1834 to go beyond average calorie intake, instead focusing on micronutrients and quality of diet. From this we discern regional differences in diet. In 1795 these differences were…
Food and Fodder
As population growth exploded over the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, how well did England’s food producers meet the challenge of feeding the people? From the mid eighteenth century, notes of concern sounded from numerous sources that food availability would not match the nutritional needs of a rapidly growing population. Thomas Malthus (1766–1834), mathematician, parson and political economist, lived through this critical period and was un…
Female Heights and Economic Development
Female heights matter. They matter for girls’ and women’s health and productivity, as a measure of inequality, and—significantly—as a bridge transferring welfare across generations. This chapter examines some of the early historiography on female stature and summarizes the historical evidence. The focus then shifts to how we understand the growth of girls versus boys and the methods used to measure historical populations. The chapter then outline…
Growing Incomes, Growing People in Nineteenth‐Century T asmania
The earliest measures of well‐being for E uropeans born in the P acific region are heights and wages in T asmania. Evidence of rising stature in middle decades of the nineteenth century survives multiple checks for measurement, compositional, and selection bias. The challenge to health and stature seen in other settler societies (the ‘antebellum paradox’) is not visible here. We sketch an interpretation for the simultaneous rise of T asmanian sta…
Historical Economic and Social Studies (16 obras) · Sociology (16 obras) · Political science (15 obras) · History (14 obras) · Law (12 obras) · Australian History and Society (10 obras) · Economics (10 obras) · Geography (9 obras) · Demography (8 obras) · Demographic economics (7 obras)