Peter M Siavelis
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 690062 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Peter M Siavelis |
| PRENOMES | Peter M |
| SOBRENOME | Siavelis |
| ASSINATURA | SIAVELIS P M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Wake Forest University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6198-8206 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 34 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 331 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 33 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1997 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Chile's Constitutional Chaos
On 4 September 2022, Chilean voters resoundingly rejected a progressive new constitution that offered a blueprint for social democracy. Some observers argue that Chile wisely escaped a narrow brush with a brand of authoritarian leftism long dominant in Latin America. This interpretation is simplistic and obscures the wider forces of illiberalism that contributed to the constitution's defeat. With the intrusion of everyday politics into the proces…
Lessons from a Late Adopter
Many Latin American and other Global South countries adopted gender quotas during democratic transitions. What explains late-adopting cases like Chile? We analyze two instances: the 2015–2016 electoral reforms, which finally introduced a 40-percent gender quota, and the 2020–2023 constitutional process, which introduced gender parity. Using a qualitative analysis that draws on 39 elite interviews, we posit that efforts to redesign national politi…
Statement of Philosophy and Mission
An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button
Public Appointments as Informal Institutions
This paper engages existing research on informal institutions in Latin America, by analyzing informal institutions related to public appointments in Chile with particular reference to what is known as the cuoteo . We extend the analysis from the national to the regional and local levels by considering how these informal institutions shape politics. Our research reveals that the nature and function of the cuoteo change according to the level of go…
Follow the Money
We examine women’s access to campaign resources using data from all 960 candidates competing in Chile’s 2017 legislative elections. Even when controlling for district characteristics, women candidates receive less money in party transfers, bank loans, and donations; place fewer personal funds in their campaigns; and have fewer resources overall. However, previous experience and incumbency narrow the gap. When women are newcomers, gender serves as…
Chile’s Constitutional Moment
In an October 2020 referendum, nearly 80 percent of Chileans voted to start a process to write a new constitution. A special assembly with equal representation of men and women will now attempt to replace the 1980 dictatorship-era constitution. Getting to this point was a major win for workers, students, leftists, feminists, Indigenous peoples, and the poor, all of whom were involved in leading 2019’s widespread protests over social and economic …
Recipes for Political Party Success … and Failure
This essay reviews the following works:Democracy and Its Discontents in Latin America. Edited by Joe Foweraker and Dolores Trevizo. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2016. Pp. xi + 325. $82.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780190870041
Cabinets and Informal Advisory Networks in Multiparty Presidential Systems
There is virtually no literature on informal presidential advisory networks in Latin America. By employing Chile as a theoretically grounded case study, this article demonstrates that multiparty coalition management inserts unique tensions into the presidential advisory equation, and thus unique challenges for presidents in achieving their governing goals when compared to single party government. It also contributes to theory building by undersco…
Crisis of Representation in Chile? The Institutional Connection
This article analyzes the challenges to democratic representation in contemporary Chile, with an institutional focus. I argue that the post-authoritarian model of politics was deeply constrained by institutions and practices inherited by democratic authorities and reinforced by the model of transitional politics and its series of informal institutions, which first facilitated, but then hindered democratic performance. While this does not point to…
Here's the bias! A (Re-)Reassessment of the Chilean electoral system
Ni Chicha ni Limoná
Chile’s parties have been characterized as ‘European’ in their development and institutionalization, but ‘Latin American’ in their high degree of political localism. Yet the specialized literature has not tested these tendencies nor developed a theory as to how they may coexist. Using the concept of party nationalization, we establish the veracity of the claims in the literature and propose a theory of static and dynamic nationalization developme…
Seven imperatives for improving the measurement of party nationalization with Evidence from Chile
Democratic Chile
How was Chile transformed both politically and economically during the two decades of center-left coalition (Concertación) government that followed the country's return to democracy in 1990? How did the coalition manage to hold on to power for so long—but not longer? And were its policies in fact substantially different from those that preceded them? Addressing these questions, the authors of this landmark volume critically assess the successes a…
Endogenizing legislative candidate selection procedures in nascent democracies
This article contributes to filling a gap in the resurgent literature on legislative candidate selection procedures by analysing the adoption of such procedures in nascent democracies. We contend that within transitional systems distinct contexts constrain choice and bargaining for candidate selection procedures in different ways, and condition the adoption of legislative candidate selection procedures by parties. In particular we posit that the …
Enclaves de la transición y democracia chilena
algunas de las dificultades del gobierno de michelle Bachelet y la crisis más generalizada del gobierno de la concertación han estado cada vez más vinculadas a variables de liderazgo, al agotamiento de la coalición con respecto a sus ideales básicos, o a la necesidad de diversos tipos de reformas institucionales.este trabajo contempla la posibilidad de que el modelo mismo de transición, que ha sido considerado como tan exitoso, podría ser el orig…
Elite-Mass Congruence, Partidocracia and the Quality of Chilean Democracy
Though Chile is often lauded for its successful democratic transition and high quality democracy, there are increasing levels of citizen dissatisfaction with the functioning of democracy. This article asks whether this dissatisfaction is due to the lack of congruence between political elites and the mass public with respect to their orientations on political and economic issues. It provides tentative support for the proposition that there is grow…
Candidate Selection Procedures in Transitional Polities
This research note summarizes initial research from a wider project on the determinants of candidate selection procedures. It seeks to contribute to the growing literature on candidate selection by distinguishing transitional and institutionalized democracies. First, it provides a review of the existing literature, with particular emphasis placed on identifying the existing hypotheses on the determinants of candidate selection procedures. Second,…
Candidate Recruitment and Selection in Latin America
This article provides a theoretical framework for analyzing the recruitment and selection of legislative candidates in Latin America. It argues that political recruitment and candidate selection are undertheorized for Latin America yet have determinative impacts on political systems, often overriding the influence of more commonly studied institutional variables. The article elucidates a typology of legislative candidates based on the legal and p…
How New Is Bachelet's Chile
If the Bachelet government is to usher in a new, more truly representative democracy, Chile will need to leave behind not just the trappings of Pinochet's institutional legacy, but also the model of elitist politics that it spawned
Reckoning with the past
Augusto Pinochet's unexpected 1998 London arrest provided a rare opportunity for a trial of a former head of state outside his own country for crimes committed while in office. The drama and visibility of the arrest and subsequent trial also prompted a wave of scholarly research on the case and its consequences. Among a crowded field, Naomi Roht-Arriaza's book stands out for doing much more than simply recounting the Pinochet story or discussing …
Electoral Reform Doesn't Matter-or Does It
En contra de las intenciones de los ingenieros electorales en Chile, el sistema binominal ha tenidopoco impacto sobre el sistema de partidos. Pareciera entonces que el debate sobre la reforma electorales poco relevante, porque con cualquier tipo de reforma los partidos políticos simplemente adoptaránestrategias electorales para asegurar su sobrevivencia. Este artículo sostiene que es poco probableque la reforma electoral pueda transformar el sist…
Chile
Electoral System, Coalitional Disintegration, and the Future of Chile's Concertacion
While there is much disagreement concerning the political effects of Chile's two-member district binominal election system, most agree that it provides strong incentives for the formation and maintenance of coalitions. This article takes on these assumptions, contending that the electoral system's coalition-inducing tendencies are actually quite context dependent. Focusing primarily on the governing Concertación coalition and relying on analyses …
Insurance for Good Losers and the Survival of Chile's Concertacion
In the transition from military rule to democracy, the government of Augusto Pinochet bequeathed to Chile a unique electoral law by which all legislative seats are contested in two-member districts. A key implication of this rule is that in order to secure legislative majorities, coalitions have to put their strongest candidates in the most precarious electoral list positions. This generates a divergence of interests between coalitions and politi…
Democracy and Political Institutions in Latin America
Reforming The State: Managerial Public Administration In Latin America. Edited by Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira and Peter Spink. (Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner, 1999. Pp. 213. $55.00 cloth.) Stuffing The Ballot Box: Fraud, Electoral Reform, And Democratization In Costa Rica. By Fabrice E. Lehoucq and Iván Molina. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. 294. $60.00 cloth.) Conservative Parties, The Right, And Democracy In Latin America. Edited…
The Hidden Logic of Candidate Selection for Chilean Parliamentary Elections
The political consequences of Chile's two member district (binominal) parliamentary electoral system have been the subject of much academic and political debate.' Most analyses of the electoral formula have focused on its consequences for the country's party system.2 Nonetheless, little has been written on how the system affects parliamentary candidate selection and electoral list composition. The process of candidate selection is little understo…
Continuity and Change in the Chilean Party System
The party system consequences of Chile's “binomial” (two-member-district) legislative electoral formula have been the subject of much debate. For some analysts, the binomial system limits party system fractionalization and encourages centripetal competition, enhancing the prospects for democratic stability. Others emphasize elements of continuity within the country's historic multiparty system and contend that the electoral formula may prove dest…
Candidate Selection Procedures in Transitional Polities
This research note summarizes initial research from a wider project on the determinants of candidate selection procedures. It seeks to contribute to the growing literature on candidate selection by distinguishing transitional and institutionalized democracies. First, it provides a review of the existing literature, with particular emphasis placed on identifying the existing hypotheses on the determinants of candidate selection procedures. Second,…
Follow the Money
We examine women’s access to campaign resources using data from all 960 candidates competing in Chile’s 2017 legislative elections. Even when controlling for district characteristics, women candidates receive less money in party transfers, bank loans, and donations; place fewer personal funds in their campaigns; and have fewer resources overall. However, previous experience and incumbency narrow the gap. When women are newcomers, gender serves as…
Crisis of Representation in Chile? The Institutional Connection
This article analyzes the challenges to democratic representation in contemporary Chile, with an institutional focus. I argue that the post-authoritarian model of politics was deeply constrained by institutions and practices inherited by democratic authorities and reinforced by the model of transitional politics and its series of informal institutions, which first facilitated, but then hindered democratic performance. While this does not point to…
Seven imperatives for improving the measurement of party nationalization with Evidence from Chile
Elite-Mass Congruence, Partidocracia and the Quality of Chilean Democracy
Though Chile is often lauded for its successful democratic transition and high quality democracy, there are increasing levels of citizen dissatisfaction with the functioning of democracy. This article asks whether this dissatisfaction is due to the lack of congruence between political elites and the mass public with respect to their orientations on political and economic issues. It provides tentative support for the proposition that there is grow…
Candidate Recruitment and Selection in Latin America
This article provides a theoretical framework for analyzing the recruitment and selection of legislative candidates in Latin America. It argues that political recruitment and candidate selection are undertheorized for Latin America yet have determinative impacts on political systems, often overriding the influence of more commonly studied institutional variables. The article elucidates a typology of legislative candidates based on the legal and p…
Chile's Constitutional Chaos
On 4 September 2022, Chilean voters resoundingly rejected a progressive new constitution that offered a blueprint for social democracy. Some observers argue that Chile wisely escaped a narrow brush with a brand of authoritarian leftism long dominant in Latin America. This interpretation is simplistic and obscures the wider forces of illiberalism that contributed to the constitution's defeat. With the intrusion of everyday politics into the proces…
Enclaves de la transición y democracia chilena
algunas de las dificultades del gobierno de michelle Bachelet y la crisis más generalizada del gobierno de la concertación han estado cada vez más vinculadas a variables de liderazgo, al agotamiento de la coalición con respecto a sus ideales básicos, o a la necesidad de diversos tipos de reformas institucionales.este trabajo contempla la posibilidad de que el modelo mismo de transición, que ha sido considerado como tan exitoso, podría ser el orig…
Here's the bias! A (Re-)Reassessment of the Chilean electoral system
Disconnected Fire Alarms and Ineffective Police Patrols
In many Latin American countries, corruption and administrative inefficiency have emerged as significant threats to democracy and governability. This case study employs McCubbins and Schwartz's U.S.-centered model of "fire alarm" and "police patrol" oversight to analyze how effectively Chile's Congress has conducted its oversight functions. Chile's experience with authoritarian rule, the weakening of Congress, and changes in the relationships bet…
Sistema electoral, desintegración de coaliciones y democracia en Chile
Aunque existe bastante desacuerdo respecto a los efectos políticos que tiene el sistema electoral binominal en Chile, muchos concuerdan en que éste proporciona fuertes incentivos para la formación y la permanencia de las coaliciones de gobierno.Este artículo cuestiona estos supuestos, sosteniendo que la capacidad del sistema electoral para inducir la formación de coaliciones depende en la realidad del contexto.Basándose en un análisis de niveles …
Ni Chicha ni Limoná
Chile’s parties have been characterized as ‘European’ in their development and institutionalization, but ‘Latin American’ in their high degree of political localism. Yet the specialized literature has not tested these tendencies nor developed a theory as to how they may coexist. Using the concept of party nationalization, we establish the veracity of the claims in the literature and propose a theory of static and dynamic nationalization developme…
Lessons from a Late Adopter
Many Latin American and other Global South countries adopted gender quotas during democratic transitions. What explains late-adopting cases like Chile? We analyze two instances: the 2015–2016 electoral reforms, which finally introduced a 40-percent gender quota, and the 2020–2023 constitutional process, which introduced gender parity. Using a qualitative analysis that draws on 39 elite interviews, we posit that efforts to redesign national politi…
Cabinets and Informal Advisory Networks in Multiparty Presidential Systems
There is virtually no literature on informal presidential advisory networks in Latin America. By employing Chile as a theoretically grounded case study, this article demonstrates that multiparty coalition management inserts unique tensions into the presidential advisory equation, and thus unique challenges for presidents in achieving their governing goals when compared to single party government. It also contributes to theory building by undersco…
Endogenizing legislative candidate selection procedures in nascent democracies
This article contributes to filling a gap in the resurgent literature on legislative candidate selection procedures by analysing the adoption of such procedures in nascent democracies. We contend that within transitional systems distinct contexts constrain choice and bargaining for candidate selection procedures in different ways, and condition the adoption of legislative candidate selection procedures by parties. In particular we posit that the …
Insurance for Good Losers and the Survival of Chile's Concertacion
In the transition from military rule to democracy, the government of Augusto Pinochet bequeathed to Chile a unique electoral law by which all legislative seats are contested in two-member districts. A key implication of this rule is that in order to secure legislative majorities, coalitions have to put their strongest candidates in the most precarious electoral list positions. This generates a divergence of interests between coalitions and politi…
Coalitions, Voters and Party System Transformation in Post‐authoritarian Chile
With The Inauguration Of The Socialist President, Ricardo Lagos, in March 2000 it would appear that the Chilean party system had come full circle since the 1973 coup that unseated the last Socialist President, Salvador Allende. Despite the Chilean military's efforts to eradicate the left during its almost seventeen years in power, a Socialist assumed the presidency only a dozen years after the electoral defeat of the military regime in 1988. In o…
Public Appointments as Informal Institutions
This paper engages existing research on informal institutions in Latin America, by analyzing informal institutions related to public appointments in Chile with particular reference to what is known as the cuoteo . We extend the analysis from the national to the regional and local levels by considering how these informal institutions shape politics. Our research reveals that the nature and function of the cuoteo change according to the level of go…
Electoral Reform Doesn't Matter-or Does It
En contra de las intenciones de los ingenieros electorales en Chile, el sistema binominal ha tenidopoco impacto sobre el sistema de partidos. Pareciera entonces que el debate sobre la reforma electorales poco relevante, porque con cualquier tipo de reforma los partidos políticos simplemente adoptaránestrategias electorales para asegurar su sobrevivencia. Este artículo sostiene que es poco probableque la reforma electoral pueda transformar el sist…
Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America
Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America
Continuity and Change in the Chilean Party System
The party system consequences of Chile's “binomial” (two-member-district) legislative electoral formula have been the subject of much debate. For some analysts, the binomial system limits party system fractionalization and encourages centripetal competition, enhancing the prospects for democratic stability. Others emphasize elements of continuity within the country's historic multiparty system and contend that the electoral formula may prove dest…
Apsa Hosts Civic Educators from Eastern Europe during Spring 1998
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button
Disconnected Fire Alarms and Ineffective Police Patrols
In many Latin American countries, corruption and administrative inefficiency have emerged as significant threats to democracy and governability. This case study employs McCubbins and Schwartz's U.S.-centered model of "fire alarm" and "police patrol" oversight to analyze how effectively Chile's Congress has conducted its oversight functions. Chile's experience with authoritarian rule, the weakening of Congress, and changes in the relationships bet…
Democratic Institutional Design
Coalitions, Voters and Party System Transformation in Post‐authoritarian Chile
With The Inauguration Of The Socialist President, Ricardo Lagos, in March 2000 it would appear that the Chilean party system had come full circle since the 1973 coup that unseated the last Socialist President, Salvador Allende. Despite the Chilean military's efforts to eradicate the left during its almost seventeen years in power, a Socialist assumed the presidency only a dozen years after the electoral defeat of the military regime in 1988. In o…
The Hidden Logic of Candidate Selection for Chilean Parliamentary Elections
The political consequences of Chile's two member district (binominal) parliamentary electoral system have been the subject of much academic and political debate.' Most analyses of the electoral formula have focused on its consequences for the country's party system.2 Nonetheless, little has been written on how the system affects parliamentary candidate selection and electoral list composition. The process of candidate selection is little understo…
Economic Reforms in Chile
Democracy and Political Institutions in Latin America
Reforming The State: Managerial Public Administration In Latin America. Edited by Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira and Peter Spink. (Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner, 1999. Pp. 213. $55.00 cloth.) Stuffing The Ballot Box: Fraud, Electoral Reform, And Democratization In Costa Rica. By Fabrice E. Lehoucq and Iván Molina. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. 294. $60.00 cloth.) Conservative Parties, The Right, And Democracy In Latin America. Edited…
Sistema electoral, desintegración de coaliciones y democracia en Chile
Aunque existe bastante desacuerdo respecto a los efectos políticos que tiene el sistema electoral binominal en Chile, muchos concuerdan en que éste proporciona fuertes incentivos para la formación y la permanencia de las coaliciones de gobierno.Este artículo cuestiona estos supuestos, sosteniendo que la capacidad del sistema electoral para inducir la formación de coaliciones depende en la realidad del contexto.Basándose en un análisis de niveles …
Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America
Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America
Chile
Electoral System, Coalitional Disintegration, and the Future of Chile's Concertacion
While there is much disagreement concerning the political effects of Chile's two-member district binominal election system, most agree that it provides strong incentives for the formation and maintenance of coalitions. This article takes on these assumptions, contending that the electoral system's coalition-inducing tendencies are actually quite context dependent. Focusing primarily on the governing Concertación coalition and relying on analyses …
Insurance for Good Losers and the Survival of Chile's Concertacion
In the transition from military rule to democracy, the government of Augusto Pinochet bequeathed to Chile a unique electoral law by which all legislative seats are contested in two-member districts. A key implication of this rule is that in order to secure legislative majorities, coalitions have to put their strongest candidates in the most precarious electoral list positions. This generates a divergence of interests between coalitions and politi…
Reckoning with the past
Augusto Pinochet's unexpected 1998 London arrest provided a rare opportunity for a trial of a former head of state outside his own country for crimes committed while in office. The drama and visibility of the arrest and subsequent trial also prompted a wave of scholarly research on the case and its consequences. Among a crowded field, Naomi Roht-Arriaza's book stands out for doing much more than simply recounting the Pinochet story or discussing …
Electoral Reform Doesn't Matter-or Does It
En contra de las intenciones de los ingenieros electorales en Chile, el sistema binominal ha tenidopoco impacto sobre el sistema de partidos. Pareciera entonces que el debate sobre la reforma electorales poco relevante, porque con cualquier tipo de reforma los partidos políticos simplemente adoptaránestrategias electorales para asegurar su sobrevivencia. Este artículo sostiene que es poco probableque la reforma electoral pueda transformar el sist…
How New Is Bachelet's Chile
If the Bachelet government is to usher in a new, more truly representative democracy, Chile will need to leave behind not just the trappings of Pinochet's institutional legacy, but also the model of elitist politics that it spawned
Candidate Selection Procedures in Transitional Polities
This research note summarizes initial research from a wider project on the determinants of candidate selection procedures. It seeks to contribute to the growing literature on candidate selection by distinguishing transitional and institutionalized democracies. First, it provides a review of the existing literature, with particular emphasis placed on identifying the existing hypotheses on the determinants of candidate selection procedures. Second,…
Candidate Recruitment and Selection in Latin America
This article provides a theoretical framework for analyzing the recruitment and selection of legislative candidates in Latin America. It argues that political recruitment and candidate selection are undertheorized for Latin America yet have determinative impacts on political systems, often overriding the influence of more commonly studied institutional variables. The article elucidates a typology of legislative candidates based on the legal and p…
Enclaves de la transición y democracia chilena
algunas de las dificultades del gobierno de michelle Bachelet y la crisis más generalizada del gobierno de la concertación han estado cada vez más vinculadas a variables de liderazgo, al agotamiento de la coalición con respecto a sus ideales básicos, o a la necesidad de diversos tipos de reformas institucionales.este trabajo contempla la posibilidad de que el modelo mismo de transición, que ha sido considerado como tan exitoso, podría ser el orig…
Elite-Mass Congruence, Partidocracia and the Quality of Chilean Democracy
Though Chile is often lauded for its successful democratic transition and high quality democracy, there are increasing levels of citizen dissatisfaction with the functioning of democracy. This article asks whether this dissatisfaction is due to the lack of congruence between political elites and the mass public with respect to their orientations on political and economic issues. It provides tentative support for the proposition that there is grow…
Endogenizing legislative candidate selection procedures in nascent democracies
This article contributes to filling a gap in the resurgent literature on legislative candidate selection procedures by analysing the adoption of such procedures in nascent democracies. We contend that within transitional systems distinct contexts constrain choice and bargaining for candidate selection procedures in different ways, and condition the adoption of legislative candidate selection procedures by parties. In particular we posit that the …
Democratic Chile
How was Chile transformed both politically and economically during the two decades of center-left coalition (Concertación) government that followed the country's return to democracy in 1990? How did the coalition manage to hold on to power for so long—but not longer? And were its policies in fact substantially different from those that preceded them? Addressing these questions, the authors of this landmark volume critically assess the successes a…
Ni Chicha ni Limoná
Chile’s parties have been characterized as ‘European’ in their development and institutionalization, but ‘Latin American’ in their high degree of political localism. Yet the specialized literature has not tested these tendencies nor developed a theory as to how they may coexist. Using the concept of party nationalization, we establish the veracity of the claims in the literature and propose a theory of static and dynamic nationalization developme…
Seven imperatives for improving the measurement of party nationalization with Evidence from Chile
Here's the bias! A (Re-)Reassessment of the Chilean electoral system
Political science (34 obras) · Politics (26 obras) · Law (23 obras) · Democracy (22 obras) · Politics and Society in Latin America (18 obras) · Political and Social Dynamics in Chile and Latin America (17 obras) · Sociology (16 obras) · Political economy (15 obras) · Law (14 obras) · Economics (11 obras)