Farley Grubb
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 708437 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Farley Grubb |
| PRENOMES | Farley |
| SOBRENOME | Grubb |
| ASSINATURA | GRUBB F |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Delaware |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7952-105X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 43 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 139 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1985 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Promise to Pay
A transaction-cost model of chronic specie scarcity and the evolution of monetary structures in constrained colonial economies
A transaction-cost model of monetary choice is used to justify colonists’ claims that specie money for executing within-colony trades and paying local taxes was chronically scarce in Britain’s pre-nineteenth century North American colonies. This scarcity is shown to be the result of individual rational maximizing choice behavior given the constraints imposed on the colonies by their mother country. By contrast, the conventional quantity-theory-of…
Colonial American Paper Money and the Quantity Theory of Money
The quantity theory of money is applied to the paper money regimes of seven of the nine British North American colonies south of New England. Individual colonies, and regional groupings of contiguous colonies treated as one monetary unit, are tested. Little to no statistical relationship, and little to no magnitude of influence, between the quantities of paper money in circulation and prices are found. The quantity theory of money does not explai…
Colonial Virginia's paper money regime, 1755–74
I reconstruct the data on Virginia's paper money regime using forensic accounting techniques. I correct the existing data on the amounts authorized and outstanding. In addition, I reconstruct yearly data on previously unknown aspects of Virginia's paper money regime, including printings, net new emissions, redemptions and removals, denominational structures, expected tax revenues, and specie accumulating in the treasury for paper money redemption…
Colonial New Jersey Paper Money, 1709-1775
I decompose the market value of Colonial New Jersey's paper money into its component parts, namely its real-asset present value and transaction premium. Its market value was predominately determined by its real-asset present value. I also find a small transaction premium that is positively associated with the quantity of paper money in circulation and with the land-bank method of paper money injection. This paper money was not a fiat currency. It…
Non-legal-tender paper money
In this article, Maryland's non-legal-tender paper money emissions between 1765 and 1775 are reconstructed to determine quantities outstanding and redemption dates, providing a substantial correction to the literature. Over 80 per cent of this paper money's current market value was expected real asset present value and under 20 per cent was liquidity premium. It was primarily a real barter asset and not a fiat currency. The liquidity premium was …
Colonial New Jersey's Paper Money Regime, 1709–75
Forensic accounting is used to reconstruct the data on emissions, redemptions, and bills outstanding for colonial New Jersey paper money. These components are further separated into the amounts initially legislated and the amounts actually executed. These data are substantial improvements over what currently exists in the literature. They also provide a more complete and nuanced accounting of colonial New Jersey's paper money regime than what has…
Colonial New Jersey's Paper Money Regime, 1709-1775
Forensic accounting is used to reconstruct the data on emissions, redemptions, and bills outstanding for colonial New Jersey paper money. These components are further separated into the amounts initially legislated, and the amounts actually executed. These data are substantial improvements over what currently exists in the literature. They also provide a more complete and nuanced accounting of colonial New Jersey's paper money regime than what ha…
German Immigration and Servitude in America, 1709-1920
This book provides the most comprehensive history of German migration to North America for the period 1709 to 1920 than has been done before. Employing state-of-the-art methodological and statistical techniques, the book has two objectives. First he explores how the recruitment and shipping markets for immigrants were set up, determining what the voyage was like in terms of the health outcomes for the passengers, and identifying the characteristi…
State Redemption of the Continental Dollar, 1779-90
Taxation in Colonial America
Testing for the Economic Impact of the U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution removed real and monetary trade barriers between the states. By contrast, these states when they were British colonies exercised considerable real and monetary sovereignty over their borders. Purchasing power parity is used to measure how much economic integration between the states was gained in the decades after the Constitution's adoption compared with what existed among the same locations during the late colonial period.…
The Continental Dollar
The U.S. Congress issued paper money called Continental Dollars to finance the American Revolution. The story of the Continental Dollar is familiar to all --a lot were issued and hyper-inflation ensued. However, the details of this story are less well known. Scholars even disagree over how much was issued --disagree by over 50 percent. Meaningful monetary analysis of the Continental Dollar cannot proceed given this confusion in the data. Evidence…
Babes in Bondage? Debt Shifting by German Immigrants in Early America
Data from ship manifests and servant auctions can clarify the extent to which German immigrant families in early America resorted to intra-family debt shifting by selling their children into bondage. This evidence is at odds with the standard descriptions presented in literary sources, which exaggerate and stigmatize the practice. Market competition provided German immigrant parents with a financial opportunity that colonial welfare law constrain…
Does Going Greek Impair Undergraduate Academic Performance
Controlling for SAT scores, college major, gender, and state of residence, university students were more likely to have joined a fraternity or sorority if they had come from in state and had higher verbal SAT scores, but lower math SAT scores, the opposite of what simple uncontrolled averages indicate. Controlling for the same variables, fraternity and sorority members suffered from 1 to 10 percent lower cumulative GPAs than non-Greek students. T…
Nevins Panel Discussion, 11 September 2004
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The circulating medium of exchange in colonial Pennsylvania, 1729–1775
Methodology and the Pacific Labor Trade to Queensland, Australia
Key Words: philosophy of scienceeconomic methodologyMarxist methodologyindentured servitudescientific method
The Statutory Regulation of Colonial Servitude
The Transatlantic Market for British Convict Labor
Convicts account for at least one-quarter of British migration to mid-eighteenth-century America. Their transportation to and disposal in America was essentially an experiment in privatizing post-trial criminal justice. A model of this trade is developed that yields testable implications regarding the relative distributional moments of convict auction prices, the size of shipper profits, and how convicts were selected for transportation
Withering heights
Labor, Markets, and Opportunity
Does Bound Labour Have To Be Coerced Labour
Why are some forms of bound labour more coercive than others? Specifically, why was European indentured servitude in America more coercive than craft apprenticeship or life-cycle servitude-in-husbandry, despite the close similarity and derivative nature of these institutions? Concepts recently advanced in labour economics offer some preliminary answers to these questions. This investigation is exploratory in nature and focuses on three types of v…
The Antebellum Kanawha Salt Business and Western Markets
The Disappearance of Organized Markets for European Immigrant Servants in the United States
The Transatlantic Market for British Convict Labor
Convicts account for at least one-quarter of British migration to mid-eighteenth-century America. Their transportation to and disposal in America was essentially an experiment in privatizing post-trial criminal justice. A model of this trade is developed that yields testable implications regarding the relative distributional moments of convict auction prices, the size of shipper profits, and how convicts were selected for transportation
The incidence of servitude in trans-Atlantic migration, 1771–1804
Morbidity and Mortality on the North Atlantic Passage
The effects of high migrant morbidity and mortality on international migration to the United States during the eighteenth century is examined. Estimates of voyage mortality debarkation morbidity and immediate post-voyage mortality for eighteenth-century German immigrants arriving in Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] are presented in this study. These estimates were derived from quantitative evidence in surviving passenger manifests and from the bills o…
The Market for Indentured Immigrants
Indentured servitude is modeled as a trans-Atlantic market in forward-labor contracts. The model is applied to servant-auction evidence in Philadelphia, and the determinants of contract prices are used to test the efficient-market hypothesis. While competing for servants in Europe, most of the expected price differences across servants were lost through arbitrage by recruiters
The Liverpool Emigrant Servant Trade and the Transition to Slave Labor in the Chesapeake, 1697-1707
The Auction of Redemptioner Servants, Philadelphia, 1771–1804
The redemption system transformed the American auction of immigrant servants. The potential for exploiting immigrants was created by search restrictions in the redemption auction. A model of the auction was estimated using 4,455 German and British servant contracts. Average servant compensation equaled resident free labor compensation, and the variance in servant compensation was systematically related to the variance in servant productivity, con…
The circulating medium of exchange in colonial Pennsylvania, 1729–1775
The End of European Immigrant Servitude in the United States
Europeans stopped using servitude to finance passage to America sometime in the early nineteenth century, but exactly when and why immigrant servitude disappeared is a mystery. Hypotheses abound, but no consensus has emerged nor have scholars tested hypotheses. In this study, quantitative evidence for the final sixty years of immigrant servitude establishes when and why it disappeared. Servitude did not end because of insufficient demand, legal r…
The Statutory Regulation of Colonial Servitude
Fatherless and Friendless
The incidence of fatherlessness among English emigrant servants was measured using contracts recorded in London between 1682 and 1686. This incidence was relatively high and systematically related to the servant's age, gender, county of origin, occupation, and father's occupation. Many emigrant servants were youths who had lost their fathers and lacked alternative support in England. Fatherlessness helps explain why the short-run supply of emigra…
Colonial immigrant literacy
Does Bound Labour Have To Be Coerced Labour
Why are some forms of bound labour more coercive than others? Specifically, why was European indentured servitude in America more coercive than craft apprenticeship or life-cycle servitude-in-husbandry, despite the close similarity and derivative nature of these institutions? Concepts recently advanced in labour economics offer some preliminary answers to these questions. This investigation is exploratory in nature and focuses on three types of v…
German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820
German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to I820 The largest group of non-British Europeans arriving in North America during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were Germans. Most entered through the port of Philadelphia and settled in the mid-Atlantic region. From 1730 to 1760, German immigrants represented 20 to 30 percent of the population growth in the middle colonies. Pennsylvanians of German ancestry accounted for 50 to 60 percent of Pe…
Redemptioner Immigration to Pennsylvania
The evolution from indentured to redemptioner servitude as a means of financing immigration to late eighteenth-century Pennsylvania is documented. The compensating differences between methods are used to explain contract choice. The rate of return to shipping redemptioners is estimated and compared with the default rate needed to make it a competitive return. The expected incidence of defaults and the implications for risk pooling among families …
Colonial New Jersey's Paper Money Regime, 1709–75
Forensic accounting is used to reconstruct the data on emissions, redemptions, and bills outstanding for colonial New Jersey paper money. These components are further separated into the amounts initially legislated and the amounts actually executed. These data are substantial improvements over what currently exists in the literature. They also provide a more complete and nuanced accounting of colonial New Jersey's paper money regime than what has…
Testing for the Economic Impact of the U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution removed real and monetary trade barriers between the states. By contrast, these states when they were British colonies exercised considerable real and monetary sovereignty over their borders. Purchasing power parity is used to measure how much economic integration between the states was gained in the decades after the Constitution's adoption compared with what existed among the same locations during the late colonial period.…
Colonial labor markets and the length of indenture
Immigrant Servant Labor
Farley Grubb, Immigrant Servant Labor: Their Occupational and Geographic Distribution in the Late Eighteenth-Century Mid-Atlantic Economy, Social Science History, Vol. 9, No. 3 (Summer, 1985), pp. 249-275
Colonial Virginia's paper money regime, 1755–74
I reconstruct the data on Virginia's paper money regime using forensic accounting techniques. I correct the existing data on the amounts authorized and outstanding. In addition, I reconstruct yearly data on previously unknown aspects of Virginia's paper money regime, including printings, net new emissions, redemptions and removals, denominational structures, expected tax revenues, and specie accumulating in the treasury for paper money redemption…
Colonial New Jersey Paper Money, 1709-1775
I decompose the market value of Colonial New Jersey's paper money into its component parts, namely its real-asset present value and transaction premium. Its market value was predominately determined by its real-asset present value. I also find a small transaction premium that is positively associated with the quantity of paper money in circulation and with the land-bank method of paper money injection. This paper money was not a fiat currency. It…
Non-legal-tender paper money
In this article, Maryland's non-legal-tender paper money emissions between 1765 and 1775 are reconstructed to determine quantities outstanding and redemption dates, providing a substantial correction to the literature. Over 80 per cent of this paper money's current market value was expected real asset present value and under 20 per cent was liquidity premium. It was primarily a real barter asset and not a fiat currency. The liquidity premium was …
Taxation in Colonial America
The Continental Dollar
The U.S. Congress issued paper money called Continental Dollars to finance the American Revolution. The story of the Continental Dollar is familiar to all --a lot were issued and hyper-inflation ensued. However, the details of this story are less well known. Scholars even disagree over how much was issued --disagree by over 50 percent. Meaningful monetary analysis of the Continental Dollar cannot proceed given this confusion in the data. Evidence…
Does Going Greek Impair Undergraduate Academic Performance
Controlling for SAT scores, college major, gender, and state of residence, university students were more likely to have joined a fraternity or sorority if they had come from in state and had higher verbal SAT scores, but lower math SAT scores, the opposite of what simple uncontrolled averages indicate. Controlling for the same variables, fraternity and sorority members suffered from 1 to 10 percent lower cumulative GPAs than non-Greek students. T…
Methodology and the Pacific Labor Trade to Queensland, Australia
Key Words: philosophy of scienceeconomic methodologyMarxist methodologyindentured servitudescientific method
Immigrant Servant Labor
Farley Grubb, Immigrant Servant Labor: Their Occupational and Geographic Distribution in the Late Eighteenth-Century Mid-Atlantic Economy, Social Science History, Vol. 9, No. 3 (Summer, 1985), pp. 249-275
Immigrant Servant Labor
Contract Labor played a critical role both in financing European trans-Atlantic migration and in providing a hirable labor force to work the estates of the New World. During the seventeenth century at least three-quarters of the Chesapeake colonists arrived under some form of short term contract (Walsh, 1977: 111). By the American Revolution, a majority of English, German, and southern Irish emigrants still used servant contracts to finance their…
The Market for Indentured Immigrants
Indentured servitude is modeled as a trans-Atlantic market in forward-labor contracts. The model is applied to servant-auction evidence in Philadelphia, and the determinants of contract prices are used to test the efficient-market hypothesis. While competing for servants in Europe, most of the expected price differences across servants were lost through arbitrage by recruiters
The incidence of servitude in trans-Atlantic migration, 1771–1804
Redemptioner Immigration to Pennsylvania
The evolution from indentured to redemptioner servitude as a means of financing immigration to late eighteenth-century Pennsylvania is documented. The compensating differences between methods are used to explain contract choice. The rate of return to shipping redemptioners is estimated and compared with the default rate needed to make it a competitive return. The expected incidence of defaults and the implications for risk pooling among families …
Colonial immigrant literacy
Colonial labor markets and the length of indenture
Morbidity and Mortality on the North Atlantic Passage
The effects of high migrant morbidity and mortality on international migration to the United States during the eighteenth century is examined. Estimates of voyage mortality debarkation morbidity and immediate post-voyage mortality for eighteenth-century German immigrants arriving in Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] are presented in this study. These estimates were derived from quantitative evidence in surviving passenger manifests and from the bills o…
The Auction of Redemptioner Servants, Philadelphia, 1771–1804
The redemption system transformed the American auction of immigrant servants. The potential for exploiting immigrants was created by search restrictions in the redemption auction. A model of the auction was estimated using 4,455 German and British servant contracts. Average servant compensation equaled resident free labor compensation, and the variance in servant compensation was systematically related to the variance in servant productivity, con…
The Reliability of U.S. Immigration Statistics
German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820
German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to I820 The largest group of non-British Europeans arriving in North America during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were Germans. Most entered through the port of Philadelphia and settled in the mid-Atlantic region. From 1730 to 1760, German immigrants represented 20 to 30 percent of the population growth in the middle colonies. Pennsylvanians of German ancestry accounted for 50 to 60 percent of Pe…
Laboring in Colonial America
Fatherless and Friendless
The incidence of fatherlessness among English emigrant servants was measured using contracts recorded in London between 1682 and 1686. This incidence was relatively high and systematically related to the servant's age, gender, county of origin, occupation, and father's occupation. Many emigrant servants were youths who had lost their fathers and lacked alternative support in England. Fatherlessness helps explain why the short-run supply of emigra…
Educational Choice in the Era Before Free Public Schooling
Education clauses in 3,478 immigrant servant contracts are used to measure the incidence of schooling versus informal instruction by location, age, and sex. The proportion of servants receiving education was high, over 20 percent being taught outside of schools. Education expanded between 1770 and 1800 through a net increase in schooling rather than because of a substitution of schooling for informal instruction. In the 1770s formal schooling in …
The Pre-Industrial Consumer in England and America
Pre-industrial consumer: Part I: Demand: Household production in early modern England Household production in colonial America Changes in consumer demand Part II: Trends in consumption and standards of living: Food consumption, new commodities, and the transformation in diet Housing, consumer durables, and the domestic environment Part III: Distribution: Hierarchically structured demand and distribution The rise of the English country shop Coloni…
The Antebellum Kanawha Salt Business and Western Markets
The Disappearance of Organized Markets for European Immigrant Servants in the United States
The End of European Immigrant Servitude in the United States
Europeans stopped using servitude to finance passage to America sometime in the early nineteenth century, but exactly when and why immigrant servitude disappeared is a mystery. Hypotheses abound, but no consensus has emerged nor have scholars tested hypotheses. In this study, quantitative evidence for the final sixty years of immigrant servitude establishes when and why it disappeared. Servitude did not end because of insufficient demand, legal r…
The Liverpool Emigrant Servant Trade and the Transition to Slave Labor in the Chesapeake, 1697-1707
Palatines, Liberty, and Property
Does Bound Labour Have To Be Coerced Labour
Why are some forms of bound labour more coercive than others? Specifically, why was European indentured servitude in America more coercive than craft apprenticeship or life-cycle servitude-in-husbandry, despite the close similarity and derivative nature of these institutions? Concepts recently advanced in labour economics offer some preliminary answers to these questions. This investigation is exploratory in nature and focuses on three types of v…
Labor, Markets, and Opportunity
Withering heights
The Statutory Regulation of Colonial Servitude
The Transatlantic Market for British Convict Labor
Convicts account for at least one-quarter of British migration to mid-eighteenth-century America. Their transportation to and disposal in America was essentially an experiment in privatizing post-trial criminal justice. A model of this trade is developed that yields testable implications regarding the relative distributional moments of convict auction prices, the size of shipper profits, and how convicts were selected for transportation
Economics (31 obras) · Political science (29 obras) · Law (25 obras) · Historical Economic and Social Studies (22 obras) · Law (19 obras) · Immigration (15 obras) · Colonialism (14 obras) · History (14 obras) · Colonialism, slavery, and trade (13 obras) · Demographic economics (13 obras)