Matthew C Freeman
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 73092 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Matthew C Freeman |
| PRENOMES | Matthew C |
| SOBRENOME | Freeman |
| ASSINATURA | FREEMAN M C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Emory University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1517-2572 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 55 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 52 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 55 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2006 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Variability of enteric pathogen infections by season and meteorological conditions in a low-income, urban setting in Mozambique
Enteric pathogen transmission is influenced by seasonality and meteorological conditions, yet pathogen-specific dynamics are not well understood. We investigated the relationships between (1) season, (2) heavy rainfall events, and (3) temperature and enteric pathogen infections among 12-month-old children in a low-income, urban setting. We analyzed household data and stool samples from 630 participants enrolled in the PAASIM Study in Beira, Mozam…
Ghya Bharaari Ekatra’
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is experienced by one-fourth of women in India and associated with poor mental, physical, sexual and reproductive health. Ghya Bharaari Ekatra (GBE) is an evidence-based, theory-driven, culturally tailored, dyadic intervention, developed and piloted for the primary prevention of IPV among newly-married, low-income couples residing in urban slums in Maharashtra, India. GBE is delivered over six weekly sessions by a …
Measuring Quality of Life to Promote Healthy Ageing and Integrated Care
Background: Internationally high numbers of people who are ageing experience chronic health conditions, which impacts on quality of life (QoL) and demands across the health system. Improving and maintaining QoL is the ultimate aim of healthcare by the World Health Organization (WHO), especially care for people living with chronic conditions and multi-morbidities. The most suitable QoL instruments for adults with chronic health conditions is unkno…
A critical review on measurement tools of urban household and community resilience to disasters and environmental shocks and stressors among low- and middle-income countries
Behavioural factors influencing hand hygiene practices across domestic, institutional and public community settings
INTRODUCTION: This systematic review sought to understand barriers and enablers to hand hygiene in community settings. METHODS: Eligible studies addressed hand hygiene in a community setting, included a qualitative component, and were published in English between 1 January 1980 and 29 March 2023. Studies were excluded if in healthcare settings or were animal research. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Global Health, Cochrane Lib…
We have the evidence but governments must now build the systems to deliver on hand hygiene
Featured VideoDisclaimer: this video summarises a scientific article published by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ)
Minimum material requirements for hand hygiene in community settings
BACKGROUND: This systematic review assessed the minimum requirements necessary to create an enabling environment for sustained hand hygiene practices: quantity of water and soap, and number, spacing, location, and design of hand hygiene facilities. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Global Health, Cochrane Library, Global Index Medicus, Scopus, PAIS Index, WHO IRIS, UN Digital Library and World Bank eLibrary, and consult…
Efficacy and effectiveness of hand hygiene-related practices used in community settings for removal of organisms from hands
Background This systematic review collected and synthesised evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of commonly used hand hygiene materials and methods for removing or inactivating pathogens on hands in community settings. The evidence was generated to support the development of the WHO Guidelines for Hand Hygiene in Community Settings. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Global Health, Cochrane Library, Global Index Me…
Effectiveness of measures taken by governments to support hand hygiene in community settings
INTRODUCTION: This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the implementation of government measures that support equitable and sustained hand hygiene practices in community settings. METHODS: We systematically searched 12 databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Global Health, Cochrane Library, Global Index Medicus, Scopus, PAIS Index, WHO IRIS, UN Digital Library and World Bank eLibrary for peer-reviewed and grey li…
Interventions to improve hand hygiene in community settings
INTRODUCTION: This systematic review identified and examined the theories, barriers and enablers, behaviour change techniques (BCTs), and design features of interventions that have been leveraged to improve and sustain hand hygiene in community settings. It was conducted to support the development of the WHO Guidelines for Hand Hygiene in Community Settings. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Global Health, Cochrane Libr…
Surveillance via wastewater monitoring and nasal self-collection of specimens (The SWANSS Study)
Given the political, structural, and organizational factors in a jail setting, innovations such as NST and WBS require a rigorous implementation strategy supported by ongoing engagement and collaboration with a multitude of stakeholders
Water, sanitation and hygiene (Wash)
Despite some progress, universal access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) by 2030—a remit of Sustainable Development Goal 6—remains a distant prospect in many countries. Policy-makers and implementers of the WASH sector are challenged to track a new path. This research aimed to identify core orienting themes of the sector, as legacies of past processes, which can provide insights for its future. We reviewed global policy, science and p…
The role of Zambia’s expansive Inter-agency Coordinating Committee (ICC) in supporting evidence-based vaccine and health sector programming
New vaccines, technologies, and regulations, alongside increased demand for vaccines, all require prioritization and coordination from key players within the vaccine sector. Inter-agency Coordinating Committees (ICC) support decision-making and coordination at the national-level and act as key drivers for sustainable improvements in vaccination programming. We utilized a previous qualitative case study, which investigated critical success factors…
Multilevel factors drive child exposure to enteric pathogens in animal feces
Exposure to animal feces and associated enteric pathogens poses significant risks to child health. However, public health strategies to mitigate enteric infections among children largely aim to reduce exposure to human feces, overlooking transmission pathways related to animal feces. In this study we examine if and how children are exposed to enteric pathogens in animal feces in northwestern coastal Ecuador. We conducted qualitative interviews wi…
The development and validation of a survey to measure fecal-oral child exposure to zoonotic enteropathogens
Child exposure to animal feces and associated enteropathogens contribute to a significant burden of disease in low- and middle-income countries. However, there are no standardized, validated survey-based approaches to enable accurate assessment of child exposure to zoonotic enteropathogens. We developed and validated a survey-based measure of exposure, the fecal-oral child exposure to zoonotic enteropathogens Index (the FECEZ Enteropathogens Inde…
Effectiveness of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and handwashing with soap on risk of diarrhoeal disease in children in low-income and middle-income settings
The impact of a demand-side sanitation and hygiene promotion intervention on sustained behavior change and health in Amhara, Ethiopia
Behaviors related to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are key drivers of infectious disease transmission, and experiences of WASH are potential influencers of mental well-being. Important knowledge gaps exist related to the content and delivery of effective WASH programs and their associated health impacts, particularly within the contexts of government programs implemented at scale. We developed and tested a demand-side intervention called …
Determinants of food preparation and hygiene practices among caregivers of children under two in Western Kenya
Food hygiene is an underexplored, but potentially critical, behavior to mitigate fecal pathogen exposure for young children. Our study revealed several knowledge and opportunity barriers that could be integrated into interventions to enhance food hygiene
Addressing disruptions in childhood routine immunisation services during the Covid-19 pandemic
box RI emerged as one the most disrupted health services in early-2020 to mid-2020,1 a global systems shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. In May 2020, an estimated 80 million children were thought to be affected by interrupted vaccination services and campaigns,2 and over 60% of 105 countries reported at least partial RI disruptions to WHO.1 If left unaddressed, these disruptions are poised to halt or even reverse decades of global progr…
Health spending and vaccination coverage in low-income countries
INTRODUCTION: Routine immunisation is a cost-effective way to save lives and protect people from disease. Some low-income countries (LIC) achieved remarkable success in childhood immunisation. Yet, previous studies comparing the relationship between economic growth and health spending with vaccination coverage have been limited. We investigated these relationships among LIC to understand what financial changes lead to childhood immunisation chang…
Learning from Exemplars in Global Health
To minimise these negative indirect effects, countries will need to consider all domains of health systems, including demand, supply, resources and social determinants. To this end, learning from countries that have improved health outcomes amid other crises could provide helpful strategies. Some of the strategies used by these positive outlier countries include clear national leadership, datadriven targeting, community-focused health services an…
A framework for identifying and learning from countries that demonstrated exemplary performance in improving health outcomes and systems
This paper introduces a framework for conducting and disseminating mixed methods research on positive outlier countries that successfully improved their health outcomes and systems. We provide guidance on identifying exemplar countries, assembling multidisciplinary teams, collecting and synthesising pre-existing evidence, undertaking qualitative and quantitative analyses, and preparing dissemination products for various target audiences. Through …
Impact of a demand-side integrated Wash and nutrition community-based care group intervention on behavioural change
INTRODUCTION: Growth shortfalls and diarrhoeal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income settings. Due to the multifaceted causes of undernutrition and the identified limitations of siloed nutrition programmes, improving the delivery of integrated water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) and nutrition programming could improve child health. METHODS: We conducted a cluster randomised trial in western Kenya to assess the impac…
How Do Rural Ethiopians Rate the Severity of Water Insecurity Scale Items? Implications for Water Insecurity Measurement and Interventions
Recently developed scales aim to advance understanding of household water insecurity and inform interventions to address this critical global problem. The relative severity of items included in household water insecurity scales has been established as an inverse of the proportion of the population that reports experiencing the item. Here, we assess subjective perceptions of scale item severity among people who experience household water insecurit…
The Sustainability and Scalability of Private Sector Sanitation Delivery in Urban Informal Settlement Schools
There are considerable challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals' target of universal access to basic sanitation in schools. Schools require safe, clean, and sex-segregated facilities for a large number of students. Robust and affordable solutions are needed to address the economic, spatial, social, institutional, and political factors which contribute to poor sanitary conditions in informal settlements. In 2015, we undertook a ra…
Sanitation-related psychosocial stress
While sanitation interventions have focused primarily on child health, women's unique health risks from inadequate sanitation are gaining recognition as a priority issue. This study examines the range of sanitation-related psychosocial stressors during routine sanitation practices in Odisha, India. Between August 2013 and March 2014, we conducted in-depth interviews with 56 women in four life stages: adolescent, newly married, pregnant and establ…
Water, sanitation, and primary school attendance
Physical, Social, and Political Inequities Constraining Girls’ Menstrual Management at Schools in Informal Settlements of Nairobi, Kenya
Access to adequate water and sanitation is limited in informal settlements, contributing to girls' challenges managing menstruation at school, especially when they cannot access materials to absorb menstrual blood and appropriate facilities for hygiene. This study documents differences between girls' experience of menstruation at public schools (where the Kenyan government provides menstrual pads) and private schools (where pads are not provided)…
Cholera control and anti-Haitian stigma in the Dominican Republic
As cholera spread from Haiti to the Dominican Republic, Haitian migrants, a largely undocumented and stigmatized population in Dominican society, became a focus of public health concern. Concurrent to the epidemic, the Dominican legislature enacted new documentation requirements. This paper presents findings from an ethnographic study of anti-Haitian stigma in the Dominican Republic from June to August 2012. Eight focus group discussions (FGDs) w…
Beyond the Millennium Development Goals
Over 1 billion people lack access to improved water sources and 2.6 billion lack access to appropriate sanitation, greatly contributing to the global burden of disease. The international community has committed to reducing by half the proportion of the world's population lacking access to water and sanitation as a part of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). However, the disease burden due to poor access, is borne primarily by the poorest cou…
Assessing the impact of a school‐based water treatment, hygiene and sanitation programme on pupil absence in Nyanza Province, Kenya
Objectives There has been increased attention to access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) at schools in developing countries, but a dearth of empirical studies on the impact. We conducted a cluster‐randomized trial of school‐based WASH on pupil absence in Nyanza Province, Kenya, from 2007 to 2008. Methods Public primary schools nested in three geographical strata were randomly assigned and allocated to one of three study arms [water treatme…
Water, sanitation, and primary school attendance
Policy and provision of Wash in schools for children with disabilities
There is a growing body of evidence on the correlation between improving access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in schools and positive health and educational outcomes for students. Similar evidence on the impact of school WASH facilities on health, enrolment and absence for children with disabilities is not available. The limited data have revealed that children with disabilities are burdened by poor WASH in schools access, and even prev…
Digital Diversity Dialogues
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection
Systematic review
Effectiveness of a rural sanitation programme on diarrhoea, soil-transmitted helminth infection, and child malnutrition in Odisha, India
BACKGROUND: A third of the 2·5 billion people worldwide without access to improved sanitation live in India, as do two-thirds of the 1·1 billion practising open defecation and a quarter of the 1·5 million who die annually from diarrhoeal diseases. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of a rural sanitation intervention, within the context of the Government of India's Total Sanitation Campaign, to prevent diarrhoea, soil-transmitted helminth infect…
Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low‐ and middle‐income settings
Systematic review
Measuring the Safety of Excreta Disposal Behavior in India with the New Safe San Index
Methods to assess household excreta disposal practices are critical for informing public health outcomes of efforts to improve sanitation in developing countries. We present a new metric, the Safe San Index (SSI), to quantify the hygienic safety of a household's defecation and human feces disposal practices in India, where behavioral outcomes from on-going public expenditures to construct household sanitation facilities and eliminate open defecat…
Factors Associated With Pupil Toilet Use in Kenyan Primary Schools
The purpose of this study was to quantify how school sanitation conditions are associated with pupils' use of sanitation facilities. We conducted a longitudinal assessment in 60 primary schools in Nyanza Province, Kenya, using structured observations to measure facility conditions and pupils' use at specific facilities. We used multivariable mixed regression models to characterize how pupil to toilet ratio was associated with toilet use at the sc…
The Impact of School Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions on the Health of Younger Siblings of Pupils
Objectives. We examined the impact of school water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions on diarrhea-related outcomes among younger siblings of school-going children. Methods. We conducted a cluster-randomized trial among 185 schools in Kenya from 2007 to 2009. We assigned schools to 1 of 2 study groups according to water availability. Multilevel logistic regression models, adjusted for baseline measures, assessed differences between inte…
Sanitation-related psychosocial stress
While sanitation interventions have focused primarily on child health, women's unique health risks from inadequate sanitation are gaining recognition as a priority issue. This study examines the range of sanitation-related psychosocial stressors during routine sanitation practices in Odisha, India. Between August 2013 and March 2014, we conducted in-depth interviews with 56 women in four life stages: adolescent, newly married, pregnant and establ…
Prechewing infant food, consumption of sweets and dairy and not breastfeeding are associated with increased diarrhoea risk of 10‐month‐old infants in the United States
Prechewing of food by caregivers is a common infant feeding practice both globally and in the United States, where the highest rates of the practice are found among African-Americans and Alaska Natives. The objective of this study was to determine if prechewing of infant food is associated with increased diarrhoea prevalence of 10-month-old infants in the United States. The study used cross-sectional data from the Infant Feeding Practices Study I…
The Life-Cycle Costs of School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Access in Kenyan Primary Schools
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) programs in schools can increase the health, dignity and comfort of students and teachers. Understanding the costs of WASH facilities and services in schools is one essential piece for policy makers to utilize when budgeting for schools and helping to make WASH programs more sustainable. In this study we collected data from NGO and government offices, local hardware shops and 89 rural primary schools across th…
Comparing Sanitation Delivery Modalities in Urban Informal Settlement Schools
The provision of safely managed sanitation in informal settlements is a challenge, especially in schools that require durable, clean, sex-segregated facilities for a large number of children. In informal settlements in Nairobi, school sanitation facilities demand considerable capital costs, yet are prone to breakage and often unhygienic. The private sector may be able to provide quality facilities and services to schools at lower costs as an alte…
The impact of sanitation on infectious disease and nutritional status
Open defecation explains differences in nutritional status between Bengali and tribal children in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh
Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT); height-for-age z-scores (HAZ); Nutrition Surveillance Project (NSP); World Health Organization (WHO)
Physical, Social, and Political Inequities Constraining Girls’ Menstrual Management at Schools in Informal Settlements of Nairobi, Kenya
Access to adequate water and sanitation is limited in informal settlements, contributing to girls' challenges managing menstruation at school, especially when they cannot access materials to absorb menstrual blood and appropriate facilities for hygiene. This study documents differences between girls' experience of menstruation at public schools (where the Kenyan government provides menstrual pads) and private schools (where pads are not provided)…
Impact of drinking water, sanitation and handwashing with soap on childhood diarrhoeal disease
Collective Efficacy
Impact evaluations of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions have demonstrated lower than expected health gains, in some cases due to low uptake and sustained adoption of interventions at a community level. These findings represent common challenges for public health and development programmes relying on collective action. One possible explanation may be low collective efficacy (CE)-perceptions regarding a group's ability to execute actions…
Design, Intervention Fidelity, and Behavioral Outcomes of a School-Based Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Cluster-Randomized Trial in Laos
Evidence of the impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in schools (WinS) interventions on pupil absence and health is mixed. Few WinS evaluations rigorously report on output and outcome measures that allow for comparisons of effectiveness between interventions to be made, or for an understanding of why programs succeed. The Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Health and Education in Laotian Primary Schools (WASH HELPS) study was a randomi…
Development and Application of Novel Caregiver Hygiene Behavior Measures Relating to Food Preparation, Handwashing, and Play Environments in Rural Kenya
Exposure to fecal pathogens results in both acute and chronic sequalae in young children. Diarrhea causes nearly 20% of all under-five mortality, while even sub-clinical enteric infections may lead to growth shortfalls. Stunting affects nearly 165 million children globally and results in lifelong and intergenerational effects for the world's poorest populations. Caregiver hygiene behaviors, such as those surrounding handwashing and food preparati…
The implications of three major new trials for the effect of water, sanitation and hygiene on childhood diarrhea and stunting
BACKGROUND: Three large new trials of unprecedented scale and cost, which included novel factorial designs, have found no effect of basic water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions on childhood stunting, and only mixed effects on childhood diarrhea. Arriving at the inception of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, and the bold new target of safely managed water, sanitation and hygiene for all by 2030, these results warrant t…
Medicine (36 obras) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (32 obras) · Environmental health (31 obras) · Sanitation (24 obras) · Hygiene (23 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (19 obras) · Public health (19 obras) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (17 obras) · Economic growth (15 obras) · Nursing (15 obras)