Audax Mabulla
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 74282 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Audax Mabulla |
| PRENOMES | Audax |
| SOBRENOME | Mabulla |
| ASSINATURA | MABULLA A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Dar es Salaam |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9591-5497 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 96 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 961 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 96 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1996 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 16 |
The Paleoenvironment of the Ndutu Bed at Olduvai Gorge in the Context of Middle Stone Age Expansion in Eastern Africa
The study of the Eastern African archaeological record is essential for understanding the origin and evolution of the Middle Stone Age (MSA). However, Olduvai Gorge, one of the primary regions in human evolution studies, has few sites associated with the MSA. The zooarchaeological and taphonomic study of two MSA sites, Victoria Cabrera Site (VCS) and Dorothy Garrod Site (DGS), allows us to understand the dynamics of accumulation of faunal assembl…
Plant processing and foodways in the Pastoral Neolithic
Pastoralism has long been conceptualized as an animal-centered lifeway, with plants treated as marginal or ancillary resources. This is particularly true in Africa where rich ethnographic records of present-day pastoralism and scant archaeobotanical evidence have combined to create a focus on livestock in the archaeological record. This study challenges that perspective by demonstrating that plant use formed an integral component of Pastoral Neol…
Sexual Dimorphism in Facial and Body Shape and Their Relationship in Modern Humans of African, Asian, and European Descent
OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to quantify the degrees of sexual dimorphism in facial shape and nineteen body parameters across eleven living populations from three major world regions: Sub-Saharan Africa (five populations), Europe (three populations), and Asia (three populations). METHODS: The data were collected in Tanzania and Russian Federation (N = 2214 individuals, aged 16-35 years), utilizing identical methods. Facial shape was explored throu…
Detecting architectural features and stratigraphic deposits at a Pastoral Neolithic site using ground-penetrating radar
New excavations at Nasera Rock (Tanzania)
International audience
Late Pleistocene to Middle Holocene Human Occupation of Laetoli Highlands in Northern Tanzania
Early and later hominins, including A. afarensis, P. aethiopicus and early Homo sapiens , occupied the Laetoli area in northern Tanzania from the Middle Pliocene through the Mid-Late Pleistocene (from 3.6 million to two hundred thousand years ago). After this period, there is a notable absence of evidence for human activity in the area. Recent investigations in the Laetoli highlands reveal material remains from the Later Stone Age ( LSA ) includi…
Large Tool Production Sequences in FLK West (Lower Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)
Automated SEM-EDS mineralogical characterisation of archaeological pottery from Luxmanda and Mumba Rockshelter, Tanzania
Lithic technology from level 22 at Nasera (Tanzania)
Large cutting tools from SHK (Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)
Exploring the Middle Stone Age lithic technology at DGS, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Olduvai Gorge, nestled between the East African Rift Valley and the Mozambique Belt, is key to understanding human evolution. Even though extensive archaeological and palaeoanthropological findings have been unearthed here since the 1930s, the Middle Stone Age in this area has nonetheless received less attention than the Oldowan or the Acheulean. This paper presents the lithic technology analysis of Dorothy Garrod Site (DGS), a newly-documented M…
A brief summary of the history of the research of the Olduvai Bed I archeological sites and their impact on the reconstruction of early hominin lifeways
Reconstructing early human behavior through the lithic technology of DS
Conclusions
Reconstructing Olduvai
On leopards, hyenas and Greek gods
Misiam is a modern palimpsest created by the action of leopards and, to a lesser degree, hyenas found in Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania). • A recent study by Yravedra and Linares-Matás on a smaller fraction of the assemblage mischaracterizes the previous complete study. • These authors conducted research without having any of the Tanzanian permits required. • Yravedra and Linares-Matás argue that Misiam in a single depositional and resedimented assembla…
Deciphering Middle Stone Age Technological Behaviors
The Mumba rockshelter, located in the northwest of Lake Eyasi is key to understanding the Stone Age in East Africa. The stratigraphy of the site spans the last 130 ka BP and comprises levels from the Middle Stone Age, the Later Stone Age, the Pastoral Neolithic, and the Iron Age. In terms of the Middle Stone Age (MSA), Mumba has helped to define two lithic industries: Sanzako (130 ka BP) and Kisele (90–50 Ka BP) that characterize this techno-comp…
Biomechanical and taxonomic diversity in the Early Pleistocene in East Africa
Recent Plio-Pleistocene hominin findings have revealed the complexity of human evolutionary history and the difficulties involved in its interpretation. Moreover, the study of hominin long bone remains is particularly problematic, since it commonly depends on the analysis of fragmentary skeletal elements that in many cases are merely represented by small diaphyseal portions and appear in an isolated fashion in the fossil record. Nevertheless, the…
On time scales and “synchronic” variability in the archaeology of human origins
Hadza Landscape Burning
Respect and Care for Elders
Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации
Perception of strength, attractiveness and aggressiveness of Maasai male faces calibrated to handgrip strength
Given the high similarity between the current study findings and those previously reported from intra-population assessments of Maasai faces calibrated to HGS, we suggest that strength and aggressiveness perceptions of facial features associated with male physical strength may be universal. Attractiveness assessments of strength-related information in the faces of (very) strong men were less consistent across populations, possibly attributable to…
Searching for intra-site spatial patterns in the African Early Acheulean
Facial cues to physical strength increase attractiveness but decrease aggressiveness assessments in male Maasai of Northern Tanzania
Male physical formidability may reflect capacities to provision and protect, resource holding potential, and social status. Handgrip strength (HGS) is a robust measure of overall muscular strength and function that correlates positively with ratings of male facial attractiveness and dominance. Here, we examine strength, attractiveness, and aggressiveness assessments as a function of facial cues to HGS in a sample of male Maasai of Northern Tanzan…
The evolution of stone tool technology at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
New ages for Middle and Later Stone Age deposits at Mumba rockshelter, Tanzania
On meat eating and human evolution
Unraveling hominin behavior at another anthropogenic site from Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
Taphonomy of ungulate ribs and the consumption of meat and bone by 1.2-million-year-old hominins at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Technological strategies and the economy of raw materials in the TK (Thiongo Korongo) lower occupation, Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
New excavations at Mumba Rockshelter, Tanzania
Mumba Rockshelter in northern Tanzania presents one of the richest and most complete archaeological sequences in East Africa for the Middle Stone Age through the Iron Age. Past excavations of the shelter revealed an extremely rich lithic and faunal assemblage, but were problematic, either because of poor excavation and recording methods (in the 1930s), or because the materials were never fully studied (in the 1979/1981 excavations). In both cases…
Autochthonous anisotropy of archaeological materials by the action of water
Study of the SHK Main Site faunal assemblage, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Autochthony and orientation patterns in Olduvai Bed I
Middle Stone Age archaeology at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Did Homo erectus kill a Pelorovis herd at BK (Olduvai Gorge)? A taphonomic study of BK5
Geo-archaeological and geometrically corrected reconstruction of the 1.84 Ma FLK Zinj paleolandscape at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Pastoral Neolithic Settlement at Luxmanda, Tanzania
The later Holocene spread of pastoralism throughout eastern Africa profoundly changed socio-economic and natural landscapes. During the Pastoral Neolithic (ca. 5000–1200 B.P.), herders spread through southern Kenya and northern Tanzania—areas previously occupied only by hunter-gatherers—eventually developing the specialized forms of pastoralism that remain vital in this region today. Research on ancient pastoralism has been primarily restricted t…
A faltering origin for the Acheulean? Technological and cognitive implications from FLK West (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)
The evolution of hominin behavior during the Oldowan–Acheulean transition
Honey, Hadza, hunter-gatherers, and human evolution
Pastoral Neolithic sites on the southern Mbulu Plateau, Tanzania
As part of a larger project examining the introduction of herding into northern Tanzania, surveys and excavations were conducted at the southern edge of the Mbulu Plateau, documenting the presence of Narosura ceramics dating to the early third millennium BP, as well as a Later Stone Age occupation dated via ostrich eggshell to the tenth millennium BP. This marks the southernmost extent of the Pastoral Neolithic in eastern Africa. The paucity of s…
The larger mammal palimpsest from TK (Thiongo Korongo), Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental framework of FLK North archaeological site, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Sex Differences in Hadza Dental Wear Patterns
New Dates for Kansyore and Pastoral Neolithic Ceramics in the Eyasi Basin, Tanzania
This paper presents and contextualizes two radiocarbon dates directly obtained from Kansyore and Savanna Pastoral Neolithic (Narosura) ceramic sherds from sites near Lake Eyasi in Tanzania. The dates improve upon those obtained during prior research, which were compromised by problematic samples and stratigraphic disturbance. This underscores the importance of direct dating on diagnostic ceramics in areas with poor site integrity. The Eyasi Basin…
What comes after the Developed Oldowan B debate? Techno-economic data from SHK main site (Middle Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)
Hunting and Foraging in the Eyasi Basin, Northern Tanzania
Strategy for Cultural Heritage Management (CHM) in Africa
Gendered movement ecology and landscape use in Hadza hunter-gatherers
Understanding how gendered economic roles structure space use is critical to evolutionary models of foraging behaviour, social organization and cognition. Here, we examine hunter-gatherer spatial behaviour on a very large scale, using GPS devices worn by Hadza foragers to record 2,078 person-days of movement. Theory in movement ecology suggests that the density and mobility of targeted foods should predict spatial behaviour and that strong gender…
Tanzania's endangered heritage
Olduvai Gorge
Strategy for Cultural Heritage Management (CHM) in Africa
The Rock Art of Mara Region, Tanzania
The archaeology of the Middle Pleistocene deposits of Lake Eyasi, Tanzania
Ongoing archaeological research at North Lake Eyasi has produced a wealth of information, including a new hominid fossil and several archaeological sites dating to the end of the Middle Pleistocene. One of the sites (WB9) has been excavated and has produced evidence of multiple processes in its formation, including evidence of functional associations of stone tools and faunal remains which are scarce for this time period. The stone tool industry …
Hunting and Foraging in the Eyasi Basin, Northern Tanzania
New excavations at Mumba Rockshelter, Tanzania
Mumba Rockshelter in northern Tanzania presents one of the richest and most complete archaeological sequences in East Africa for the Middle Stone Age through the Iron Age. Past excavations of the shelter revealed an extremely rich lithic and faunal assemblage, but were problematic, either because of poor excavation and recording methods (in the 1930s), or because the materials were never fully studied (in the 1979/1981 excavations). In both cases…
The Middle to Later Stone Age Technological Transition in East Africa. New Data from Mumba Rockshelter Bed V (Tanzania) and their Implications for the Origin of Modern Human Behavior
Recent re-excavation of Mumba Rockshelter unearthed an unbiased lithic sample from Bed V. Technological analysis has permitted a reinterpretation of the so-called Mumba Industry, a transitional industry between Middle and Later Stone Ages originally defined by Mehlman (1989). Our data confirm Mehlman’s observation that the “evolutionary” markers in Mumba Bed V are basically typological. However, our study differs from his in that we classify all …
Were Olduvai Hominins making butchering tools or battering tools? Analysis of a recently excavated lithic assemblage from BK (Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)
Unraveling hominin behavior at another anthropogenic site from Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
New insights into hominin lithic activities at FLK North Bed I, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Recent work at FLK North (FLK N) has unearthed a new archaeological assemblage recovered with precise control of its stratigraphic position. In the present work, the technological study of the new lithic sample is described. The results show the co-occurrence in the same site of different technological behaviors. At FLK N, hominins were involved in both percussion/battering activities and through freehand and bipolar knapping, in core reduction. …
Paleoenvironmental and paleoecological reconstruction of a freshwater oasis in savannah grassland at FLK North, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
The records of early hominins are commonly localized both temporally and spatially even in archaeologically rich basins like Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. The FLK North site was discovered in 1960, but the reason for the exact location of this dense concentration of fossils and stone tools on a lake-margin flat has not been explained. We present new geological and geochemical information from six excavations in upper Bed I, which revealed up to 1.4-m-…
A spring and wooded habitat at FLK Zinj and their relevance to origins of human behavior
The 1959 discovery of the hominin fossil Zinjanthropus boisei brought the world's attention to the rich records at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. Subsequent excavations of archaeological level 22 (FLK Zinj) Bed I uncovered remains of Homo habilis and a high-density collection of fossils and Oldowan stone tools. The occurrence of this unusual collection of bones and tools at this specific location has been controversial for decades. We present paleoecol…
Disentangling hominin and carnivore activities near a spring at FLK North (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)
FLK North is one of the densest concentrations of fossils found in Olduvai Gorge. A recent taphonomic re-evaluation of the collection excavated by Leakey at the site suggests that it was a palimpsest in which most of the animals were accumulated and modified by carnivores. The lithic tools therefore seem to have an independent depositional history from most of the fauna. The present study, based on new excavations, expands the evidence supporting…
New excavations at the FLK Zinjanthropus site and its surrounding landscape and their behavioral implications
Renewed excavations at FLK Zinj and its surrounding landscape have yielded valuable information regarding its paleoecological situation and the prehistoric behavioral function of the site. The density of materials at the main cluster of the site excavated by Leakey contrasts with the bone and lithic scatters surrounding the site. The location of FLK Zinj, situated a few hundred meters away from a freshwater spring, would have enabled hominins acc…
Paleoecology and hominin behavior during Bed I at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
Was FLK North levels 1–2 a classic “living floor” of Oldowan hominins or a taphonomically complex palimpsest dominated by large carnivore feeding behavior?
From excavation at FLK North levels 1–2 in 1960–1962, Mary Leakey reported approximately 1200 Oldowan artifacts and 3300 large mammal fossils as a hominin “living floor”. Preliminary taphonomic analysis by Bunn seemed supportive, based on the presence of some cut-marked bones, the concentration of several dozen bovid individuals, and the relative abundance of limbs and mandibles over other axial elements. Recent taphonomic analysis of Leakey's en…
Phytoliths infer locally dense and heterogeneous paleovegetation at FLK North and surrounding localities during upper Bed I time, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
The phytolith content of 10 samples collected immediately under Tuff IF (~ 1.785 Ma) at FLK N and other surrounding localities (~ 2 km2) provides a direct botanical evidence for woody vegetation in the eastern margin of Olduvai Gorge during uppermost Bed I time. Observation and counting of 143 phytolith types (5 to >150 μ) reveal dense but heterogeneous woody cover (~ 40–90%) of unidentified trees and/or shrubs and palms associated to the freshwa…
Sex differences in 2D
This study was conducted on children and adolescents from the three tribal cultures from Northern Tanzania: the Hadza, the Datoga and the Iraqw. The comparative data on aggression and conflict management skills were measured at Endomaga Boarding School, Lake Eyasi, Mangola in Northern Tanzania, in 2005‐2006. The final sample included 219 children, ranging from 7 to 20 years of age. No sex differences were found in self‐ratings or frequency of occ…
Geochemical and Mineralogic Characterization of Middle Stone Age Tools of Laetoli, Tanzania, and Comparisons with Possible Source Materials
Hunter-Gatherer Energetics and Human Obesity
Western lifestyles differ markedly from those of our hunter-gatherer ancestors, and these differences in diet and activity level are often implicated in the global obesity pandemic. However, few physiological data for hunter-gatherer populations are available to test these models of obesity. In this study, we used the doubly-labeled water method to measure total daily energy expenditure (kCal/day) in Hadza hunter-gatherers to test whether forager…
Autochthony and orientation patterns in Olduvai Bed I
Taphonomy of ungulate ribs and the consumption of meat and bone by 1.2-million-year-old hominins at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Sex Differences in Hadza Dental Wear Patterns
New ages for Middle and Later Stone Age deposits at Mumba rockshelter, Tanzania
Geography (77 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (72 obras) · Archaeology (70 obras) · Geology (47 obras) · Olduvai Gorge (46 obras) · Tanzania (38 obras) · Paleontology (37 obras) · Pleistocene (36 obras) · Biology (34 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (28 obras)