Karri Silventoinen
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 75291 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Karri Silventoinen |
| PRENOMES | Karri |
| SOBRENOME | Silventoinen |
| ASSINATURA | SILVENTOINEN K |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Helsinki |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1759-3079 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 54 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 287 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 54 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Genetic contributions to the educational inequalities in coronary heart disease incidence
Background The background of educational disparities in coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is still not well understood. We used a polygenic score for education (PGS EDU ), socioeconomic indicators and indicators of CHD risk to investigate whether these disparities result from causality or are influenced by shared factors. Methods Population-based health surveys including baseline measures on cardiometabolic risk factors at 25–70 years of age (N=3…
Heterogeneous associations between early-life religious upbringing and late-life health
Religious upbringing was common in Europe during the childhood of older adults today. However, studies are still lacking on how early-life religious upbringing is associated with adult health and how this association differs in different population segments. We used cross-national data of 10,346 adults aged 50 or older in Europe. The causal forest approach was applied to capture the complex nonlinear relationships in the data and estimate the ave…
Continuous Support from the Same Public Health Nurse and Parental Perception and Use of Health Care Services
Height, social position and coronary heart disease incidence
BACKGROUND: The associations between height, socioeconomic position (SEP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence are well established, but the contribution of genetic factors to these associations is still poorly understood. We used a polygenic score (PGS) for height to shed light on these associations. METHODS: Finnish population-based health surveys in 1992-2011 (response rates 65-93%) were linked to population registers providing informati…
Changing associations of coronary heart disease incidence with current partnership status and marital history over three decades
Married men and women have better health than non-married, but little is known about how cohabitation and marital history are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and how these associations have changed over time. We analyzed these associations by fitting Cox regression models to register data covering the whole Finnish population aged 35 years or older (N = 4,415,590), who experienced 530,560 first time non-fatal or fatal CHD e…
Sustainable Working Life Patterns in a Swedish Twin Cohort
We aimed to investigate sustainable working life via age-related sequences of sickness absence (SA), disability pension (DP), unemployment (UE), premature death, and the influence of individual characteristics, accounting for familial confounding. The sample included monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) same-sexed twin pairs with register data ( n = 47,450) that were followed for 10 years in four age cohorts: 26-35 ( n = 9892), 36-45 ( n = 10,620)…
Joint associations of depression, genetic susceptibility and the area of residence for coronary heart disease incidence
BACKGROUND: Depression is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but less is known whether genetic susceptibility to CHD or regional-level social indicators modify this association. METHODS: Risk factors of CHD including a Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) were measured for 19 999 individuals residing in Finland in 1997, 2002, 2007 and 2012 (response rates 60%-75%). During the register-based follow-up until 2015, there were 1381 fatal and non-f…
Genetics of somatotype and physical fitness in children and adolescents
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the variation in somatotype, physical fitness, and their mutual associations. METHODS: Twins from 214 pairs (87 monozygotic) of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal, from 3 to 18 years of age (51% girls) were assessed in anthropometry and physical fitness tests. We estimated endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy based on anthropometric measures and physical fitnes…
Childhood adversity and trajectories of multimorbidity in mid-late life
BACKGROUND: The association between childhood adversity and an individual's health in later life has been extensively studied in Western societies; however, little is known about this association for the development of multimorbidity in China. METHODS: Three waves (2011-2012, 2013 and 2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used for adults aged 45-101 years. Multimorbidity was assessed by the summed scores of self-reporte…
Heritability and Environmental Correlation of Phase Angle with Anthropometric Measurements
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived phase angle (PhA) is a valuable parameter to assess physical health. However, the genetic and environmental aspects of PhA are not yet well understood. The present study aimed to estimate the heritability of PhA and investigate the relationships between PhA and anthropometric measurements. PhA and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were examined using multi-frequency BIA in 168 Japanese twin volunteers…
Health behaviours and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of disability pension due to different diagnoses
Job control and job demands were associated with the risk of disability pension due to musculoskeletal disorders only among those with unhealthy behaviours. Social support was a risk factor for disability pension due to mental or other diagnoses among those with healthy behaviours. Workplaces and occupational health care should acknowledge these simultaneous circumstances in order to prevent disability pension
Education, Other Socioeconomic Characteristics Across the Life Course, and Fertility Among Finnish Men
The level of education and other adult socioeconomic characteristics of men are known to associate with their fertility, but early-life socioeconomic characteristics may also be related. We studied how men's adult and early-life socioeconomic characteristics are associated with their eventual fertility and whether the differences therein by educational level are explained or mediated by other socioeconomic characteristics. The data on men born in…
Association between birth weight and educational attainment
BACKGROUND: There is evidence that birth weight is positively associated with education, but it remains unclear whether this association is explained by familial environmental factors, genetic factors or the intrauterine environment. We analysed the association between birth weight and educational years within twin pairs, which controls for genetic factors and the environment shared between co-twins. METHODS: The data were derived from nine twin …
Pre-existing depression predicts survival in cardiovascular disease and cancer
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found depression to be negatively associated with the prognosis of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer, but this may partly reflect reverse causality. We limited the possibility of reverse causality by measuring depression before the first diagnosis of CVD or cancer. METHODS: We used an 11% longitudinal random sample of the Finnish population aged 25 years or older who are residents of Finland for at lea…
Socioeconomic Status and Physical Functioning
This study provides no support either for the cumulative disadvantage or age-as-leveler theory. Improving financial status and accessibility of health care services, especially in lower social classes, may help to improve the overall level of physical functioning of the older adults
Early-life and adult socioeconomic determinants of myocardial infarction incidence and fatality
Association between education and future leisure-time physical inactivity
Higher education is associated with lower odds of leisure-time physical inactivity during the three-decade follow-up. The association was found after adjusting for several confounders, including familial factors. Hence, the results point to the conclusion that education has an independent role in the development of long-term physical inactivity and tailored efforts to promote physical activity among lower educated people would be needed throughou…
Children’s Anthropometrics and Later Disease Incidence
Anthropometric measures in childhood predict the risk of metabolic diseases decades later. Low birthweight and short stature are associated with higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in adulthood, supporting a hypothesis that early malnutrition has long-lasting adverse effects on metabolism. However, in industrialized countries, overnutrition has replaced undernutrition as a major childhood risk factor of metabolic disea…
Living arrangements as determinants of myocardial infarction incidence and survival
Identifying flavor preference subgroups. Genetic basis and related eating behavior traits
Association of paternal IQ in early adulthood with offspring mortality and hospital admissions for injuries
BACKGROUND: Higher intelligence (IQ) has been related to a lower risk of mortality and hospital admissions for injuries, but little is known about the effect of parental IQ on offspring outcomes. We explored associations of paternal IQ with mortality and hospitalisations for injuries from all external causes in offspring. METHODS: A cohort of 503 492 Swedish children under 5 years of age with information on paternal IQ was obtained by record link…
Sex of preceding sibling and anthropometrics of subsequent offspring at birth and in young adulthood
In many mammal species with sexual dimorphism producing sons is energetically more demanding to the mother than producing daughters. Although some studies in humans have suggested that offspring born after a brother have a smaller birth weight and adult height when compared with those born after a sister, little is known about this intergenerational cost of producing sons. We aimed to study whether the sex of preceding sibling is associated with …
Effect of family background on the educational gradient in lifetime fertility of Finnish women born 1940-50
An inverse association between education and fertility in women has been found in many societies but the causes of this association remain inadequately understood. We investigated whether observed and unobserved family-background characteristics explained educational differences in lifetime fertility among 35,212 Finnish women born in 1940-50. Poisson and logistic regression models, adjusted for measured socio-demographic family-background charac…
Age-specific fertility by educational level in the Finnish male cohort born 1940-1950
Education is positively associated with completed fertility rate (CFR) among men in Nordic countries, but the age patterns of fertility by educational level are poorly documented. Moreover, it is not known what parities contribute to the higher CFR among m
Association of height and pubertal timing with lipoprotein subclass profile
OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the relationship between growth and lipoprotein profile. We aimed to analyze common genetic and environmental factors in the association of height from late childhood to adulthood and pubertal timing with serum lipid and lipoprotein subclass profile. METHODS: A longitudinal cohort of Finnish twin pairs (FinnTwin12) was analyzed using self-reported height at 11-12, 14, 17 years and measured stature at adult age (2…
Emotional eating, depressive symptoms and self-reported food consumption. A population-based study
Gender differences in illhealth in Finland
Age-specific fertility by educational level in the Finnish male cohort born 1940-1950
Education is positively associated with completed fertility rate (CFR) among men in Nordic countries, but the age patterns of fertility by educational level are poorly documented. Moreover, it is not known what parities contribute to the higher CFR among m
Eating styles, self-control and obesity indicators. The moderating role of obesity status and dieting history on restrained eating
Widening or narrowing inequalities in health? Comparing Britain and Finland from the 1980s to the 1990s
This paper sheds light on the debate about whether class inequalities have given way to new divisions by employment status, by comparing changes in health inequalities among British and Finnish men and women between 1986 and 1994. Britain experienced high unemployment in the 1980s whereas Finland experienced a sudden increase of unemployment in the early 1990s. We examine how these contrasting labour market situations have influenced changes in h…
Education, Other Socioeconomic Characteristics Across the Life Course, and Fertility Among Finnish Men
The level of education and other adult socioeconomic characteristics of men are known to associate with their fertility, but early-life socioeconomic characteristics may also be related. We studied how men's adult and early-life socioeconomic characteristics are associated with their eventual fertility and whether the differences therein by educational level are explained or mediated by other socioeconomic characteristics. The data on men born in…
Educational Differences in Completed Fertility
Despite the large body of research on educational differences in fertility, how genetic and environmental influences may contribute to educational differences in completed fertility is not well understood. This study examines the association between educational level and completed fertility in a sample of Finnish male and female twins born between 1950 and 1957 with register-based fertility follow-up until 2009. The results show that poorly educa…
Health inequalities by education and age in four Nordic countries, 1986 and 1994
Study objective: To compare the age pattern of educational health inequalities in four Nordic countries in the mid-1980s and the mid-1990s. Design: Cross sectional interview surveys at two points of time. Setting: Data on self reported limiting longstanding illness, and perceived health were collected from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden in 1986/87 and in 1994/95. Participants: Representative samples of the non-institutionalised population a…
Effect of family background on the educational gradient in lifetime fertility of Finnish women born 1940-50
An inverse association between education and fertility in women has been found in many societies but the causes of this association remain inadequately understood. We investigated whether observed and unobserved family-background characteristics explained educational differences in lifetime fertility among 35,212 Finnish women born in 1940-50. Poisson and logistic regression models, adjusted for measured socio-demographic family-background charac…
The association between height and birth order
BACKGROUND: Birth order is associated with outcomes such as birth weight and adult socioeconomic position (SEP), but little is known about the association with adult height. This potential birth order-height association is important because height predicts health, and because the association may help explain population-level height trends. We studied the birth order-height association and whether it varies by family characteristics or birth cohor…
Identifying flavor preference subgroups. Genetic basis and related eating behavior traits
Relative Weight and Income at Different Levels of Socioeconomic Status
Objectives. We examined the association of relative weight with individual income at different levels of socioeconomic status among gainfully employed Finnish women and men. Methods. We used a population-based survey including 2068 women and 2314 men with linked income data from a taxation register. Regression analysis was used to calculate mean income levels within educational and occupational groups. Results. Compared with their normal-weight c…
Living arrangements as determinants of myocardial infarction incidence and survival
Association between intelligence and type-specific stroke
BACKGROUND: Inverse associations between IQ and stroke have been reported in a few studies, but none have investigated subtypes of stroke, nor have they studied fatal and non-fatal stroke separately. Stroke is a heterogenic disease and strength of associations with IQ and putative causal pathways cannot be assumed to be identical for different subtypes. METHODS: IQ was measured for 1.1 million Swedish men, born 1951 to 1976. Data from several nat…
The Myth of Gender Differences in Health
The orthodoxy that 'women are sicker, but men die quicker' has increasingly been questioned. This study examines gender differences in ill-health by adult age groups in Britain and Finland. This is done by including in the analysis employment status and other determinants of gender differences in perceived health and limiting long-standing illness. Comparable representative surveys from both countries in 1994 were analysed using logistic regressi…
Genetic contribution to sour taste preference
Association between offspring intelligence and parental mortality
BACKGROUND: An inverse association of IQ with mortality has been observed in previous studies. Analyses of associations between offspring's IQ and parental mortality in biological and non-biological family relations may shed light on genetic and environmental influences. METHODS: In a target cohort of 1,235,375 Swedish men, 931,825 (75%) men had complete data on all variables used. IQ of offspring was measured at age 18 and mothers and father wer…
Early-life and adult socioeconomic determinants of myocardial infarction incidence and fatality
Sex of preceding sibling and anthropometrics of subsequent offspring at birth and in young adulthood
In many mammal species with sexual dimorphism producing sons is energetically more demanding to the mother than producing daughters. Although some studies in humans have suggested that offspring born after a brother have a smaller birth weight and adult height when compared with those born after a sister, little is known about this intergenerational cost of producing sons. We aimed to study whether the sex of preceding sibling is associated with …
Pleasantness of the Odor of Androstenone as a Function of Sexual Intercourse Experience in Women and Men
Associations between IQ and cigarette smoking among Swedish male twins
Heterogeneous associations between early-life religious upbringing and late-life health
Religious upbringing was common in Europe during the childhood of older adults today. However, studies are still lacking on how early-life religious upbringing is associated with adult health and how this association differs in different population segments. We used cross-national data of 10,346 adults aged 50 or older in Europe. The causal forest approach was applied to capture the complex nonlinear relationships in the data and estimate the ave…
Association between birth weight and educational attainment
BACKGROUND: There is evidence that birth weight is positively associated with education, but it remains unclear whether this association is explained by familial environmental factors, genetic factors or the intrauterine environment. We analysed the association between birth weight and educational years within twin pairs, which controls for genetic factors and the environment shared between co-twins. METHODS: The data were derived from nine twin …
Socioeconomic Status and Physical Functioning
This study provides no support either for the cumulative disadvantage or age-as-leveler theory. Improving financial status and accessibility of health care services, especially in lower social classes, may help to improve the overall level of physical functioning of the older adults
Association of paternal IQ in early adulthood with offspring mortality and hospital admissions for injuries
BACKGROUND: Higher intelligence (IQ) has been related to a lower risk of mortality and hospital admissions for injuries, but little is known about the effect of parental IQ on offspring outcomes. We explored associations of paternal IQ with mortality and hospitalisations for injuries from all external causes in offspring. METHODS: A cohort of 503 492 Swedish children under 5 years of age with information on paternal IQ was obtained by record link…
Gender differences in illhealth in Finland
Widening or narrowing inequalities in health? Comparing Britain and Finland from the 1980s to the 1990s
This paper sheds light on the debate about whether class inequalities have given way to new divisions by employment status, by comparing changes in health inequalities among British and Finnish men and women between 1986 and 1994. Britain experienced high unemployment in the 1980s whereas Finland experienced a sudden increase of unemployment in the early 1990s. We examine how these contrasting labour market situations have influenced changes in h…
The Myth of Gender Differences in Health
The orthodoxy that 'women are sicker, but men die quicker' has increasingly been questioned. This study examines gender differences in ill-health by adult age groups in Britain and Finland. This is done by including in the analysis employment status and other determinants of gender differences in perceived health and limiting long-standing illness. Comparable representative surveys from both countries in 1994 were analysed using logistic regressi…
Health inequalities by education and age in four Nordic countries, 1986 and 1994
Study objective: To compare the age pattern of educational health inequalities in four Nordic countries in the mid-1980s and the mid-1990s. Design: Cross sectional interview surveys at two points of time. Setting: Data on self reported limiting longstanding illness, and perceived health were collected from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden in 1986/87 and in 1994/95. Participants: Representative samples of the non-institutionalised population a…
Determinants of Variation in Adult Body Height
Final body height is achieved as the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this article is to review past studies on body height that have followed different scientific traditions. In modern Western societies, about 20% of variation in body height is due to environmental variation. In poorer environments, this proportion is probably larger, with lower heritability of body height as well as larger socioeconomic b…
Heritability of Adult Body Height
A major component of variation in body height is due to genetic differences, but environmental factors have a substantial contributory effect. In this study we aimed to analyse whether the genetic architecture of body height varies between affluent western societies. We analysed twin data from eight countries comprising 30,111 complete twin pairs by using the univariate genetic model of the Mx statistical package. Body height and zygosity were se…
Assortative mating by body height and BMI
Assortative mating by body height and weight is well established in various populations, but its causal mechanisms remain poorly understood. We analyzed the effect of phenotypic assortment and social homogamy on spousal correlations for body height and body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ). Our data derived from a questionnaire administered to the adult Finnish Twin Cohort in 1990 (response rate 77%) yielding results from 922 monozygotic and 1,697 dizyg…
Heritability of body height and educational attainment in an international context
We studied the effect of genetic and environmental factors on the association between self‐reported height and education in Minnesota and Finland. Our data included 1,598 twin pairs in Minnesota and 5,454 twin pairs in Finland born between 1936 and 1955. Correlations between education and height were found in Minnesota (r = 0.09 in men and 0.11 in women) and in Finland (r = 0.17 and 0.14, respectively) after adjustment for age. This trait correla…
Relative Weight and Income at Different Levels of Socioeconomic Status
Objectives. We examined the association of relative weight with individual income at different levels of socioeconomic status among gainfully employed Finnish women and men. Methods. We used a population-based survey including 2068 women and 2314 men with linked income data from a taxation register. Regression analysis was used to calculate mean income levels within educational and occupational groups. Results. Compared with their normal-weight c…
Genetic regulation of growth from birth to 18 years of age
Growth is a complex process, and only little is known on the genetic regulation of it. We analyzed the effect of genetic and environmental factors on growth in a longitudinal Swedish cohort of 231 monozygotic and 144 dizygotic twin pairs born 1973–1979 with length or height measured annually from birth to age 18. The data were analyzed by two different multivariate variance component models for twin data using the Mx statistical package. At birth…
Genetic and environmental influences on pubertal timing assessed by height growth
Secular trends towards earlier puberty, possibly caused by new environmental triggers, provide a basis for periodic evaluation of the influence and interaction of genetic and environmental effects on pubertal timing. In such studies, a practical marker that reflects timing of puberty in both genders needs to be used. We investigated genetic and environmental influences on pubertal timing by using change in the relative height between early and la…
Association between offspring intelligence and parental mortality
BACKGROUND: An inverse association of IQ with mortality has been observed in previous studies. Analyses of associations between offspring's IQ and parental mortality in biological and non-biological family relations may shed light on genetic and environmental influences. METHODS: In a target cohort of 1,235,375 Swedish men, 931,825 (75%) men had complete data on all variables used. IQ of offspring was measured at age 18 and mothers and father wer…
Eating styles, self-control and obesity indicators. The moderating role of obesity status and dieting history on restrained eating
Trends in the association between height and socioeconomic indicators in France, 1970–2003
Sense of coherence and intentions to retire early among Finnish women and men
Unhealthy employees with low SOC and low education were in the greatest risk to have reported intentions to retire early. SOC had an independent effect on intentions to retire early, and a strong SOC may have a potential to prevent early retirement in groups otherwise at risk. An important challenge would be to target the resources of SOC to the most vulnerable and design appropriate interventions in order to strengthen the level of SOC and hence…
Emotional eating, depressive symptoms and self-reported food consumption. A population-based study
Food neophobia in young adults. Genetic architecture and relation to personality, BMI, and pleasantness and use frequency of foods
Association between intelligence and type-specific stroke
BACKGROUND: Inverse associations between IQ and stroke have been reported in a few studies, but none have investigated subtypes of stroke, nor have they studied fatal and non-fatal stroke separately. Stroke is a heterogenic disease and strength of associations with IQ and putative causal pathways cannot be assumed to be identical for different subtypes. METHODS: IQ was measured for 1.1 million Swedish men, born 1951 to 1976. Data from several nat…
Associations between IQ and cigarette smoking among Swedish male twins
Genetics of head circumference in infancy
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown strong genetic influence to head circumference (HC), but still little is known on the development of genetic etiology of HC in infancy, especially in non-Caucasian populations. Thus, we decided to analyze the genetics of HC growth in Japanese infants. METHODS: Longitudinal measures of HC were available from birth to 13 months of age in 206 monozygotic and 156 dizygotic complete twin pairs. Genetic modeling …
Genetic and environmental influences on growth from late childhood to adulthood
Objectives: Human growth is a complex process that remains insufficiently understood. We aimed to analyze genetic and environmental influences on growth from late childhood to early adulthood. Methods: Two cohorts of monozygotic and dizygotic (same sex and opposite sex) Finnish twin pairs were studied longitudinally using self‐reported height at 11–12, 14, and 17 years and adult age (FinnTwin12) and at 16, 17, and 18years and adult age (FinnTwin1…
Genetics of pre-pubertal growth
Growth from early to late childhood is largely regulated by the same set of genes. However, also environmental factors shared by co-twins are important for growth. Identifying specific environmental factors affecting growth has potentially important public health implications, even in an affluent society such as Japan
Associations of mortality with own height using son's height as an instrumental variable
Height is associated with mortality from many diseases, but it remains unclear whether the association is causal or due to confounding by social factors, genetic pleiotropy,(1) or existing ill-health. The authors investigated whether the association of height with mortality is causal by using a son's height as an instrumental variable (IV) for parents' height among the parents of a cohort of 1,036,963 Swedish men born between 1951 and 1980 who ha…
Genetic contribution to sour taste preference
Pleasantness of the Odor of Androstenone as a Function of Sexual Intercourse Experience in Women and Men
Medicine (42 obras) · Demography (40 obras) · Population (37 obras) · Psychology (24 obras) · Environmental health (22 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (20 obras) · Biology (18 obras) · Socioeconomic status (18 obras) · Internal Medicine (17 obras) · Gerontology (16 obras)