R V Davydov
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 777831 |
|---|---|
| NOME | R V Davydov |
| PRENOMES | R V |
| SOBRENOME | Davydov |
| ASSINATURA | DAVYDOV R V |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6580-2811 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 29 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 6 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 29 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2018 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
A Rare Apotropaic Ornament from a Tagar Burial near Mount Uytag, Khakassia
This study continues a series of publications dealing with the findings of the 2021 excavation season at a cemetery near the Uytag mountain, Republic of Khakassia. Here, we describe an excellently preserved composite apotropaic ornament from vault 5 in Tagar mound 5 at Uytag-3. The funerary rite is typical of the Late Saragash stage. Only two female skeletons had been preserved (one of them partly) on the wooden floor of the log structure. Under …
A Rare Apotropaic Ornament from a Tagar Burial near Mount Uytag, Khakassia
Статья продолжает серию публикаций, посвященных результатам раскопок 2021 г. на могильном поле у горы Уйтаг в Хакасии. В данном случае внимание сосредоточено на уникально сохранившемся амулетном наборе из склепа 5 тагарского кург. 5 памятника Уйтаг-3. Погребальный обряд типичен для позднесарагашенского времени. In situ на деревянном полу сруба сохранились только два женских костяка (один частично). Под одним из них обнаружено сложное по композици…
Geological dating of the earliest Minusinsk Depression rock art, the Maydashy site, Southern Siberia
The hypothesis of Paleolithic rock art in Siberia remains neither proven nor disproven. This research provides key evidence for a later age of the earliest known images in the Minusinsk Depression. A set of geological, geomorphological, and absolute-dating methods was utilized to reconstruct the geological history of the Maydashy rock art site (Minusinsk Depression, Southern Siberia). This research for the first time has allowed us to date the lo…
Experimental Study of Abrasives for Non-Ferrous Metal Products
The article presents the results of experiments on abrasive processing of non-ferrous metal products. The purpose of the work is to characterize and specify the signs of wear on abrasive tools made of different raw materials in order to use the obtained data in the study of archaeological material of the Paleometal era. The study is based on a experimental-traceological method. A series of 30 experiments on the design and finishing of copper and …
Raman Spectroscopy of Rock Art Paintings in the Minusinsk Basin
В статье представлены результаты определения состава красок, которыми выполнены наскальные изображения на красноцветном девонском песчанике Минусинской котловины, методом рамановской спектроскопии. Поскольку красноцветный песчаник насыщен соединениями железа, крайне затруднительно отличить компоненты красных красок на основе минерального сырья от скальной поверхности. Предложенная методика включает два этапа работ. Первый — определение состава ан…
Shell of Tritia nitida Sea Snail from a Neolithic Burial at the Ust-Aleyka-5 Flat Burial Ground, Barnaul Stretch of the Ob
В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования материалов погр. 2 памятника Усть-Алейка-5 в Верхнем Приобье. В 1982 г. было обнаружено вертикальное захоронение ребенка с богатым сопроводительным инвентарем (каменные артефакты, украшения из кости и зубов млекопитающих, раковины двустворчатых моллюсков рода Unio). Особое внимание уделено изучению уникальной для данного региона находки – раковины морского брюхоногого моллюска Tritia niti…
Raman Spectroscopy Analysis of Pigments from the Boyary I Rock Art Site, Khakassia
В статье рассматриваются ранее неизвестные крашеные рисунки на местонахождении наскального искусства Бояры I (Республика Хакасия). Особое внимание уделяется этим изображениям ввиду их локализации в той части поверхности, где, возможно, находился утраченный козырек. Появление рисунков рассматривается как один из маркеров времени его утраты. На основании стилистических особенностей изображений они предварительно отнесены к карасукской эпохе (конец …
Beads from the Burial Complexes of the Tagar Culture of the Middle Yenisei (Based on Excavation Materials from the Uytag-3 and Sagayskaya Protoka-12 Burial Grounds)
This article discusses beads as a component of the funerary inventory of the Tagar culture (8th–3rd centuries BC) in the Middle Yenisei region using the evidence from the rescue excavations which were done in 2021 at the Uitag-3 (Saragash stage, 5th–4th centuries BC) and Sagaiskaya Protoka-12 (Podgornovo stage, 7th–6th centuries BC) burial grounds in Askiz District of the Republic of Khakassia. This work provides the morphological description and…
Preliminary Field Studies Result of the Early Okunevo Period Paintings in Khakassia Republic in 2025 year
This article discusses seven painted anthropomorphic representations at the Maloarbatskaya rock art site and Malaya Syya site, belonging to the early pictorial tradition of the Okunevo culture (late 3rd–early 2nd millennium BC), which were studied in 2025 by the Khakass Team of the Minusinsk Petroglyph Expedition from the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS. All representations were masks rendered in a stylized manner in red paint. Fi…
Raman Spectroscopy Analysis of Pigments from the Boyary I Rock Art Site, Khakassia
This article describes previously unknown paintings at the Boyary I rock art site, Republic of Khakassia. They are especially important because they were situated in the part of the panel where a missing ledge could have been located. The petroglyphs could indicate the time of its disappearance. Based on stylistic features, it is possible that they date to the Karasuk period (late 2nd to early 1st millennium BC). The article presents the results …
Shell of Tritia nitida Sea Snail from a Neolithic Burial at the Ust-Aleyka-5 Flat Burial Ground, Barnaul Stretch of the Ob
We present the findings of a multidisciplinary study of burial 2 at Ust-Aleyka-5 on the Upper Ob. In 1982, an upright burial of a child with abundant funerary offerings (lithic artifacts, ornaments made of bones and teeth of mammals, shells of Unio bivalves) was unearthed. We focus on a find unique in the region—the shell of a sea snail Tritia nitida, a gastropod, which, at present, lives in the Mediterranean, Black, and Azov seas. The Raman spec…
Raman Spectroscopy of Rock Art Paintings in the Minusinsk Basin
This article presents the use of Raman spectroscopy to test the composition of paint detected in petroglyphs on old red sandstone in the Minusinsk Basin. Because this sandstone is saturated with iron compounds, it is extremely difficult to distinguish components of red paint based on mineral raw materials from those of the rock surface. We elaborated a two-stage technique. First, the composition of the rock surface was analyzed using Raman spectr…
Serial casting of medieval small forms bronze toreutics from Central Asia
The article presents the results of experimental serial casting of Medieval non-ferrous metal small forms toreutics from the Central Asian region. The aim of the study was to identify changes in the ornament when copying small forms toreutics and casting series of different items. As examples, the authors used bronze plaques from the end of the 1st millennium AD with the "fig flower" composition from the Tyukhtyat hoard (Minusinsk Basin). A total…
Small Forms Toreutics of the Late Middle Ages Period from the Minusinsk Museum Collection
The article presents the results of a study of a group of 29 small-form iron toreutics objects found in the funds of the Minusinsk Martyanov Museum. The items include: 22 belt tips with geometric compositions of triangles, three belt distributors with geometric ornaments, one movable buckle and three overlays with geometric and floral ornaments. Most of the items are covered with light-colored metal. It was found that it was silver obtained from …
Comparison of Material of Stone Axes with “Ears” from Salair and Baikal
The article presents the results of the comparative analysis of stone raw materials of two axes with “ears” that were found in the areas located at a considerable distance from each other. The one of the axes was found in the Suenga River valley inn Salair Mountains, another is from the Baikal region. The distribution area of the stone axes with “ears” stretches from the Baikal region to Western Siberia. Mineralogical analysis of the rocks from w…
New Earliest Image from Rock Art Site of Troitskaya Pisanitsa (Boyary I) in Republic of Khakassia
The Minusinsk Rock Art Research Group (IAET SB RAS) fieldwork in 2024, as in previous years, was aimed at studying and re-cataloguing of the known and well-studied earliest rock art images in the Minusinsk Basin. Despite that searching for new images was not the main purpose of the fieldwork, a new image was discovered at the Rock Art Site of Troitskaya (Boyary I) near the Troitskoye village in Bograd District, Khakassia Republic. It is the pecke…
Tacheometric Survey and 3D-Model Building of Fortification Objects in the South of Western Siberia
Purpose. The most objective planigraphy of the earthen fortifications is one of the initial conditions for the reliability of the description of these objects and the subsequent analysis of their defensive capabilities. One of the most common devices for the instrumental surveys in modern archaeological research is a total station. The purpose of the tacheometric survey was to build 3D-models of the earthern fortifications of various types (cape …
Approaches to Taxonomic Determination of Animal Images (Based on Siberian Petroglyphs)
The article discusses the possibilities of taxonomic determinations of zoomorphic rock representations and the significance of these data for further interpretations, indirect dating and other scientific tasks. In addition to the applied method of zoomorphological description on the depicted animal’s exterior features, two approaches to the analysis of proportions have been proposed. The first basic-zoological approach is focused on the animal as…
Tools Used in Tagar Rock Art
В статье представлены результаты экспериментально-трасологического исследования бронзовых и железных орудий, а также следов пикетажа на красноцветном девонском песчанике, проводившегося с целью определения технологических возможностей тагарских и тесинских металлических инструментов как орудий для создания наскальных изображений способом пикетажа и выявления артефактов, которые могли использоваться для этого. На первом этапе работ выполнен предва…
Medieval Quarry Near the Koksa Bay (Krasnoyarsk Reservoir) as the Evidence of Possible Migration of the Yenisei Kyrgyz from the Sayan Mountains to the Middle Yenisei
Purpose. The results of archaeological survey in 2021 along the western shore of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir in the Koksa Bay area are presented in the process of field research. Previously unknown cultural and historical objects were revealed – a quarry on Mount Bol’shoi Togurtag, presumably of medieval times, and mounds in the form of rounded stone objects at the foot of the mountain 1 250 m from the Koksa bay. Results. The material extracted fro…
Tools Used in Tagar Rock Art
We describe the findings of traceological analysis and experiments with bronze and iron tools used by Tagar and Tes artists. The pecking traces these tools leave on the red Devonian sandstone were examined to assess which of them could have been used in rock art production. At the first stage, a preliminary analysis of Tagar petroglyphs was carried out, and metal tools and weapons from the Martyanov Museum of Local History in Minusinsk were exami…
Reconstruction of Metalworking Techniques for Copper and Bronze of the Tagar Culture on the Basis of Experimental Traceological Analysis
The paper is devoted to the reconstruction of metalworking techniques of the Tagar archaeological culture on the basis of experimental traceological analysis. A series of experiments was carried out for comprehensive research of the rock art in Minusinsk Basin. 23 basic samples were produced and nine tools were casted, which were then treated by cold forging and locksmithing. As a result, the techniques that were used in manufacture of 62 labor i…
Earliest Rock Art in the Minusinsk Depression
Earliest Rock Art in the Minusinsk Depression: Some Cases of Data Systematization, and Experimental and Trace Studies Cultural and chronological attribution of petroglyphs from the earliest figurative stratum remains one of the current problems in the study of rock art in the Minusinsk Depression. In recent years, this area of research has been actively developing; discussions on the age of the Minusinsk and Angara styles continue, and various so…
Excavation of the Tagar Barrows at Sagayskaya Protoka 1, 2, 5 and 12
The publication presents materials from the excavations of 6 burial mounds belonging to four separate Early Iron Age burial grounds. The investigations were carried out in the Askizsky District of the Republic of Khakassia as part of rescue works in the construction site of the second railway track at the “Chartykovsky - Kamyshta” section. Most of the burials were looted in antiquity. Inlet burials related to Tesinskaya archaeological culture wer…
Excavations of the Tesin and Tashtyk Graves at the Sagayskaya Protoka 2, 5 and 8 Burial Yards
In 2021, the Sagai archaeological team of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS excavated four funerary and memorial complexes in the construction zone of the «Second track on the Chаrtykovsкy - Kamyshta stretch of the Krasnoyarsk railway». Mound 2 of the Sagayskaya protoka 2 burial ground contained 11 graves. Traces of diverse funeral rites were noted: intact corpses and partial burials of adults and infants in stone boxes and groun…
Tools Used in Tagar Rock Art
We describe the findings of traceological analysis and experiments with bronze and iron tools used by Tagar and Tes artists. The pecking traces these tools leave on the red Devonian sandstone were examined to assess which of them could have been used in rock art production. At the first stage, a preliminary analysis of Tagar petroglyphs was carried out, and metal tools and weapons from the Martyanov Museum of Local History in Minusinsk were exami…
Tesinsky Zaliv-3 Earthen Burial Ground of the Tashtyk Culture
Bronze Sagaris of the Scythian Time Warriors – a Random Find from the Ust-Koksinsky District, Altai Republic
Статья посвящена анализу бронзового чекана, обнаруженного в 2016 г. на левом берегу р. Катуни, около с. Катанда. Чекан относится к так называемому полноразмерному боевому оружию скифского времени. Подобный предмет – редкая находка на территории Горного Алтая. Это массивное изделие, длина которого составляет 20 см, оно имеет овальную, слегка приплюснутую втулку. Длинный прямой боек, овальный в сечении, короткий массивный обух – шестигранной формы.…
Technological Analysis of Turquoise Jewelry (Based on Finds from the Scythian Burial Ground of Ak-Dag I in Tyva)
Purpose. The article presents results of studying the elemental composition and manufacturing technology of turquoise jewelry found in barrow 1 of the Ak-Dag I burial ground of the early Scythian time. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to determine the elemental composition of the mineral. The presence and ratio of the number of elements in the table indicates that the items are made of turquoise. The…
Reconstruction of Metalworking Techniques for Copper and Bronze of the Tagar Culture on the Basis of Experimental Traceological Analysis
The paper is devoted to the reconstruction of metalworking techniques of the Tagar archaeological culture on the basis of experimental traceological analysis. A series of experiments was carried out for comprehensive research of the rock art in Minusinsk Basin. 23 basic samples were produced and nine tools were casted, which were then treated by cold forging and locksmithing. As a result, the techniques that were used in manufacture of 62 labor i…
Earliest Rock Art in the Minusinsk Depression
Earliest Rock Art in the Minusinsk Depression: Some Cases of Data Systematization, and Experimental and Trace Studies Cultural and chronological attribution of petroglyphs from the earliest figurative stratum remains one of the current problems in the study of rock art in the Minusinsk Depression. In recent years, this area of research has been actively developing; discussions on the age of the Minusinsk and Angara styles continue, and various so…
Excavation of the Tagar Barrows at Sagayskaya Protoka 1, 2, 5 and 12
The publication presents materials from the excavations of 6 burial mounds belonging to four separate Early Iron Age burial grounds. The investigations were carried out in the Askizsky District of the Republic of Khakassia as part of rescue works in the construction site of the second railway track at the “Chartykovsky - Kamyshta” section. Most of the burials were looted in antiquity. Inlet burials related to Tesinskaya archaeological culture wer…
Excavations of the Tesin and Tashtyk Graves at the Sagayskaya Protoka 2, 5 and 8 Burial Yards
In 2021, the Sagai archaeological team of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS excavated four funerary and memorial complexes in the construction zone of the «Second track on the Chаrtykovsкy - Kamyshta stretch of the Krasnoyarsk railway». Mound 2 of the Sagayskaya protoka 2 burial ground contained 11 graves. Traces of diverse funeral rites were noted: intact corpses and partial burials of adults and infants in stone boxes and groun…
Preliminary Results of Rescue Excavations of Late Bronze Age Burial Sites at the Burial Grounds of Sagayskaya Protoka 7 and Askiz 17 in the Askiz District of the Republic of Khakassia
The publication contains materials from the three Late Bronze mounds. They are located in close proximity to the railway and highway, which affected the shape of the mounds and stone structures. Four graves were discovered in the excavation area of mound 2 at the Sagayskaya protoka 7 burial ground. Grave 1 with ceramic vessels and bronze items provided the greatest amount of finds: temple rings, two finger rings, small buttons that adorned the fu…
Tools Used in Tagar Rock Art
В статье представлены результаты экспериментально-трасологического исследования бронзовых и железных орудий, а также следов пикетажа на красноцветном девонском песчанике, проводившегося с целью определения технологических возможностей тагарских и тесинских металлических инструментов как орудий для создания наскальных изображений способом пикетажа и выявления артефактов, которые могли использоваться для этого. На первом этапе работ выполнен предва…
Medieval Quarry Near the Koksa Bay (Krasnoyarsk Reservoir) as the Evidence of Possible Migration of the Yenisei Kyrgyz from the Sayan Mountains to the Middle Yenisei
Purpose. The results of archaeological survey in 2021 along the western shore of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir in the Koksa Bay area are presented in the process of field research. Previously unknown cultural and historical objects were revealed – a quarry on Mount Bol’shoi Togurtag, presumably of medieval times, and mounds in the form of rounded stone objects at the foot of the mountain 1 250 m from the Koksa bay. Results. The material extracted fro…
Tools Used in Tagar Rock Art
We describe the findings of traceological analysis and experiments with bronze and iron tools used by Tagar and Tes artists. The pecking traces these tools leave on the red Devonian sandstone were examined to assess which of them could have been used in rock art production. At the first stage, a preliminary analysis of Tagar petroglyphs was carried out, and metal tools and weapons from the Martyanov Museum of Local History in Minusinsk were exami…
Approaches to Taxonomic Determination of Animal Images (Based on Siberian Petroglyphs)
The article discusses the possibilities of taxonomic determinations of zoomorphic rock representations and the significance of these data for further interpretations, indirect dating and other scientific tasks. In addition to the applied method of zoomorphological description on the depicted animal’s exterior features, two approaches to the analysis of proportions have been proposed. The first basic-zoological approach is focused on the animal as…
Small Forms Toreutics of the Late Middle Ages Period from the Minusinsk Museum Collection
The article presents the results of a study of a group of 29 small-form iron toreutics objects found in the funds of the Minusinsk Martyanov Museum. The items include: 22 belt tips with geometric compositions of triangles, three belt distributors with geometric ornaments, one movable buckle and three overlays with geometric and floral ornaments. Most of the items are covered with light-colored metal. It was found that it was silver obtained from …
Comparison of Material of Stone Axes with “Ears” from Salair and Baikal
The article presents the results of the comparative analysis of stone raw materials of two axes with “ears” that were found in the areas located at a considerable distance from each other. The one of the axes was found in the Suenga River valley inn Salair Mountains, another is from the Baikal region. The distribution area of the stone axes with “ears” stretches from the Baikal region to Western Siberia. Mineralogical analysis of the rocks from w…
New Earliest Image from Rock Art Site of Troitskaya Pisanitsa (Boyary I) in Republic of Khakassia
The Minusinsk Rock Art Research Group (IAET SB RAS) fieldwork in 2024, as in previous years, was aimed at studying and re-cataloguing of the known and well-studied earliest rock art images in the Minusinsk Basin. Despite that searching for new images was not the main purpose of the fieldwork, a new image was discovered at the Rock Art Site of Troitskaya (Boyary I) near the Troitskoye village in Bograd District, Khakassia Republic. It is the pecke…
Tacheometric Survey and 3D-Model Building of Fortification Objects in the South of Western Siberia
Purpose. The most objective planigraphy of the earthen fortifications is one of the initial conditions for the reliability of the description of these objects and the subsequent analysis of their defensive capabilities. One of the most common devices for the instrumental surveys in modern archaeological research is a total station. The purpose of the tacheometric survey was to build 3D-models of the earthern fortifications of various types (cape …
Geological dating of the earliest Minusinsk Depression rock art, the Maydashy site, Southern Siberia
The hypothesis of Paleolithic rock art in Siberia remains neither proven nor disproven. This research provides key evidence for a later age of the earliest known images in the Minusinsk Depression. A set of geological, geomorphological, and absolute-dating methods was utilized to reconstruct the geological history of the Maydashy rock art site (Minusinsk Depression, Southern Siberia). This research for the first time has allowed us to date the lo…
Experimental Study of Abrasives for Non-Ferrous Metal Products
The article presents the results of experiments on abrasive processing of non-ferrous metal products. The purpose of the work is to characterize and specify the signs of wear on abrasive tools made of different raw materials in order to use the obtained data in the study of archaeological material of the Paleometal era. The study is based on a experimental-traceological method. A series of 30 experiments on the design and finishing of copper and …
Raman Spectroscopy of Rock Art Paintings in the Minusinsk Basin
В статье представлены результаты определения состава красок, которыми выполнены наскальные изображения на красноцветном девонском песчанике Минусинской котловины, методом рамановской спектроскопии. Поскольку красноцветный песчаник насыщен соединениями железа, крайне затруднительно отличить компоненты красных красок на основе минерального сырья от скальной поверхности. Предложенная методика включает два этапа работ. Первый — определение состава ан…
Shell of Tritia nitida Sea Snail from a Neolithic Burial at the Ust-Aleyka-5 Flat Burial Ground, Barnaul Stretch of the Ob
В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования материалов погр. 2 памятника Усть-Алейка-5 в Верхнем Приобье. В 1982 г. было обнаружено вертикальное захоронение ребенка с богатым сопроводительным инвентарем (каменные артефакты, украшения из кости и зубов млекопитающих, раковины двустворчатых моллюсков рода Unio). Особое внимание уделено изучению уникальной для данного региона находки – раковины морского брюхоногого моллюска Tritia niti…
Raman Spectroscopy Analysis of Pigments from the Boyary I Rock Art Site, Khakassia
В статье рассматриваются ранее неизвестные крашеные рисунки на местонахождении наскального искусства Бояры I (Республика Хакасия). Особое внимание уделяется этим изображениям ввиду их локализации в той части поверхности, где, возможно, находился утраченный козырек. Появление рисунков рассматривается как один из маркеров времени его утраты. На основании стилистических особенностей изображений они предварительно отнесены к карасукской эпохе (конец …
Beads from the Burial Complexes of the Tagar Culture of the Middle Yenisei (Based on Excavation Materials from the Uytag-3 and Sagayskaya Protoka-12 Burial Grounds)
This article discusses beads as a component of the funerary inventory of the Tagar culture (8th–3rd centuries BC) in the Middle Yenisei region using the evidence from the rescue excavations which were done in 2021 at the Uitag-3 (Saragash stage, 5th–4th centuries BC) and Sagaiskaya Protoka-12 (Podgornovo stage, 7th–6th centuries BC) burial grounds in Askiz District of the Republic of Khakassia. This work provides the morphological description and…
Preliminary Field Studies Result of the Early Okunevo Period Paintings in Khakassia Republic in 2025 year
This article discusses seven painted anthropomorphic representations at the Maloarbatskaya rock art site and Malaya Syya site, belonging to the early pictorial tradition of the Okunevo culture (late 3rd–early 2nd millennium BC), which were studied in 2025 by the Khakass Team of the Minusinsk Petroglyph Expedition from the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS. All representations were masks rendered in a stylized manner in red paint. Fi…
Raman Spectroscopy Analysis of Pigments from the Boyary I Rock Art Site, Khakassia
This article describes previously unknown paintings at the Boyary I rock art site, Republic of Khakassia. They are especially important because they were situated in the part of the panel where a missing ledge could have been located. The petroglyphs could indicate the time of its disappearance. Based on stylistic features, it is possible that they date to the Karasuk period (late 2nd to early 1st millennium BC). The article presents the results …
Shell of Tritia nitida Sea Snail from a Neolithic Burial at the Ust-Aleyka-5 Flat Burial Ground, Barnaul Stretch of the Ob
We present the findings of a multidisciplinary study of burial 2 at Ust-Aleyka-5 on the Upper Ob. In 1982, an upright burial of a child with abundant funerary offerings (lithic artifacts, ornaments made of bones and teeth of mammals, shells of Unio bivalves) was unearthed. We focus on a find unique in the region—the shell of a sea snail Tritia nitida, a gastropod, which, at present, lives in the Mediterranean, Black, and Azov seas. The Raman spec…
Archaeology (15 obras) · Geology (15 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (14 obras) · Geography (14 obras) · Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies (11 obras) · Bronze (8 obras) · History (8 obras) · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis (7 obras) · Ancient history (6 obras) · Excavation (6 obras)