Simon Rushton
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 779497 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Simon Rushton |
| PRENOMES | Simon |
| SOBRENOME | Rushton |
| ASSINATURA | RUSHTON S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Sheffield |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1055-9871 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 63 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 165 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 63 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2005 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Global health security
This Forum article examines what the emergence of a multi-order world might mean for the future of international cooperation over global health security. It argues that recent years have seen a retreat of key states of the liberal international order from the internationalist vision of collective disease control, weakening its foundations. At the same time, leading states of other international orders, such as Russia and China, have been resistan…
The Gates Foundation’s network diplomacy in European donor countries
The Gates Foundation is the most influential private philanthropic foundation in global health and development. This article examines how the Foundation has developed an unparalleled capacity to rally other donors to its priorities, which include the development and distribution of technological tools to reduce the burden of infectious disease and child mortality in the world’s most impoverished regions. Using publicly available data, the article…
The impact of decentralisation on health systems
Determinants affecting utilisation of health services and treatment for children under-5 in rural Nepali health centres
Significant demographic differences were found based on ethnicity, sex, and district when examining health seeking behaviours for ARI, diarrhoea, and fever. Significant associations were seen for these same factors when exploring accuracy of diagnoses of pneumonia, but not for treatment. This study has emphasised the importance of a digitalised healthcare system, where inequalities can be identified without the reliance on anecdotal evidence
The United Nations Security Council and health emergencies
Since 2000, health issues have increasingly been discussed at the UN Security Council (UNSC) without consensus being built on how and when the Council address health topics, or on its role in global health governance. As the contributions in this issue show, high-profile infectious disease outbreaks as well as the disruption of healthcare delivery and assistance in conflict settings have driven the health agenda at UNSC debates, but that agenda h…
Can we rely on the Security Council during health emergencies
In passing resolutions on HIV/AIDS, Ebola and COVID-19, the Security Council has shown at least a passing interest in health, and calls have been made to give it a more central role in global disease response. In this contribution, reflecting on two decades of the UNSC’s engagement with health emergencies, I suggest we should be cautious about making the Security Council too central to pandemic response. I focus on three problems with the Council…
El diálogo social territorial. Contribuciones teórico-prácticas desde la experiencia de Buenaventura, Colombia
Objective/Context: We analyze the political scope and methodological challenges involved in territorial social dialogue in Buenaventura (Colombia), where the daily struggles of communities revolve around the defense of their right to live in peace and with dignity in their territory. Methodology: The article is based on a case study on the relationship between social dialogue and reconciliation, that was part of a participatory research project c…
Re-examining critiques of resilience policy
This paper examines three common critiques of 'resilience': (i) that it is a 'top-down' policy discourse that pays too little regard to local specificities; (ii) that resilience policy represents a neoliberal shift towards the responsibilisation of communities and a retreat of the state from its role in providing protection; and (iii) that the focus on resilience tends to divert attention from the underlying causes of vulnerability. Using data co…
The role of social capital in disaster resilience in remote communities after the 2015 Nepal earthquake
Social capital is widely regarded as a key element in recovery from and resilience to disasters. Yet, little attention has been paid to the specificities of what supports or undermines remote rural communities' social capital in disasters. Here, we examine how bonding, bridging, and linking social capital operated after the 2015 earthquake in three remote Nepali communities of Sindhupalchok and Gorkha Districts, which have varying degrees of acce…
Choosing not to weaponize healthcare
Healthcare has often been 'weaponized' during armed conflicts, with parties to the conflict interfering with or violently attacking health facilities and personnel for their own strategic ends. In this exploratory study of the civil war in Nepal (1996-2006), by contrast, we look at a case in which both sides (with some exceptions) came to see it as in their interests to avoid targeting health facilities or deliberately disrupting healthcare deliv…
The International Health Regulations, Covid-19, and bordering practices
It is often said that “diseases know no borders,” but COVID-19 has once again shown that policy responses certainly do. Governments have implemented bordering practices in a variety of ways to ensure that their own citizens are protected, even when in direct contravention to the International Health Regulations (IHR) of 2005. The IHR and the World Health Organization (WHO) have a strong preference for borders to remain open. Yet, we argue here, n…
Liz Willis
The International Politics of Ebola
Promoting Pro-health Policies Across Regimes
This article uses the ongoing policy debate over ‘harm reduction’ as a lens for examining the complex relationships between Global Health Governance and the global governance of other issue areas – in this case the global narcotics control regime. Examining the dynamics of policy entrepreneurship at this ‘interface’, it is argued that both material and ideational power matter – and that there is a need to better understand the potential influence…
The (Mis)appropriation of HIV/Aids advocacy strategies in Global Mental Health
BACKGROUND: Mental health is increasingly finding a place on global health and international development agendas. Advocates for Global Mental Health (GMH), and international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank, argue that treatments available in high-income countries should also be made available in low- and middle-income countries. Such arguments are often made by comparing mental health to infectious dis…
Fostering narratives of peace and security
Moving on
Use of information and communication technologies in the formal and informal health system responses to the 2015 Nepal earthquakes
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are increasingly recognized for their potential contributions to health service delivery in Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). As well as playing a role in improving the provision of health services under everyday 'normal' circumstances, ICTs can also be important in preparing for, mitigating, responding to and recovering from disasters. This research explores the use of ICTs in a natural di…
The politics of war
The Trump Presidency – what future for global health and armed conflict
The early days of the Trump Presidency have been nothing if not compelling viewing. Blistering attacks on the media and the judiciary – both in person and via the medium of Twitter – have already e
Introduction
The outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) that gripped Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone through much of 2014 and 2015 was an enormous and in many ways unprecedented health emergency. Yet the outbreak was not only a global health event – it was also a global political event. In this introduction to the special issue we discuss the contribution that International Relations scholarship can make to analysing and understanding the Ebola outbreak and t…
Public health emergencies
The UN Security Council meeting on 18 September 2014 represented a major turning-point in the international response to the Ebola outbreak then underway in West Africa. However, in the light of widespread criticism over the tardiness of the international response, it can be argued that the UN, and particularly the Security Council, failed to make best use of a potential resource it already had on the ground in Liberia: the United Nations Mission …
Epidemics and society
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, there can be few if any people without at least some grasp of the societal impacts of epidemics. Far from being ‘merely’ public health or medical emergencies
Planning for the wrong pandemic
We are not short of post-mortems on the COVID-19 pandemic, from governments and international institutions like the World Health Organization, and also from scholars across a range of disciplines
Conflict, education and peace in Nepal
Recent events in Gaza and Ukraine have once again brought global attention to the issue of violent attacks on healthcare and education, in clear violation of International Humanitarian Law. Readers
Global Health Security
The concept of ‘health security’ has been increasingly apparent in recent years in both academic and policy discourses on transborder infectious disease threats. Yet it has been noted that there are a range of conceptualisations of ‘health security’ in circulation and that confusion over the concept is creating international tensions with some states (particularly from the Global South) fearing that ‘health security’ in reality means securing the…
Frames, Paradigms and Power
The study of global health governance has developed rapidly over recent years. That literature has identified a range of factors which help explain the “failure” of global health governance, but it has largely neglected the global public policy processes which perpetuate that failure. In this paper we argue that there is such a thing as “global health policy” and set out a new framework for analyzing the processes through which it is made, highli…
HIV/Aids and securitization theory
This article uses an analysis of the securitization of HIV/AIDS as a basis for proposing three contributions to securitization theory. Beginning with an examination of some of the key debates which have taken place between the Copenhagen School and its critics, the article goes on to argue that the process of securitizing HIV/AIDS was in fact significantly more complex than has been generally recognized and, crucially, that a more nuanced reading…
The International Health Regulations, Covid-19, and bordering practices
It is often said that “diseases know no borders,” but COVID-19 has once again shown that policy responses certainly do. Governments have implemented bordering practices in a variety of ways to ensure that their own citizens are protected, even when in direct contravention to the International Health Regulations (IHR) of 2005. The IHR and the World Health Organization (WHO) have a strong preference for borders to remain open. Yet, we argue here, n…
HIV, Aids and security
HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest single causes of death and suffering on the planet. Over the last decade the societal impact of HIV/AIDS has been widely discussed in terms of national and international security. This article assesses the securitizing move and suggests that HIV/AIDS was only partially securitized at best and both the political consensus and strength of evidence were overestimated. It argues for greater nuance in our understanding …
The revised International Health Regulations
This paper takes a constructivist approach to examining one of the new norms embodied in the recently revised International Health Regulations (IHR). The paper focuses on the provisions that seek to restrain states from applying disproportionate international travel and trade restrictions in response to a disease outbreak occurring in another country. This new norm, which aims to limit unjustified ‘additional health measures’, has significant imp…
Aids and international security in the United Nations System
Two assumptions underpin much of the literature that has examined the links between HIV/AIDS and security: (1) that HIV/AIDS is now firmly established as an international security issue; and (2) that Resolution 1308, adopted by the UN Security Council in July 2000, was the decisive moment in the securitization process. This article questions both of those assumptions. It argues that even within the Security Council, HIV/AIDS' status as a bona fid…
The UN Secretary-General and Norm Entrepreneurship
This article argues that the secretary-general of the United Nations is in many respects in a strong position to engage in “norm entrepreneurship.” However, he must constantly balance the desire to forward particular principled ideas with the need to maintain the support of the member states and to act within the organization's (and his own) mandate. Examined here are the attempts made by Boutros Boutros-Ghali to promote a norm of democratic gove…
Promoting Pro-health Policies Across Regimes
This article uses the ongoing policy debate over ‘harm reduction’ as a lens for examining the complex relationships between Global Health Governance and the global governance of other issue areas – in this case the global narcotics control regime. Examining the dynamics of policy entrepreneurship at this ‘interface’, it is argued that both material and ideational power matter – and that there is a need to better understand the potential influence…
Public health emergencies
The UN Security Council meeting on 18 September 2014 represented a major turning-point in the international response to the Ebola outbreak then underway in West Africa. However, in the light of widespread criticism over the tardiness of the international response, it can be argued that the UN, and particularly the Security Council, failed to make best use of a potential resource it already had on the ground in Liberia: the United Nations Mission …
Re-examining critiques of resilience policy
This paper examines three common critiques of 'resilience': (i) that it is a 'top-down' policy discourse that pays too little regard to local specificities; (ii) that resilience policy represents a neoliberal shift towards the responsibilisation of communities and a retreat of the state from its role in providing protection; and (iii) that the focus on resilience tends to divert attention from the underlying causes of vulnerability. Using data co…
Introduction
The outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) that gripped Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone through much of 2014 and 2015 was an enormous and in many ways unprecedented health emergency. Yet the outbreak was not only a global health event – it was also a global political event. In this introduction to the special issue we discuss the contribution that International Relations scholarship can make to analysing and understanding the Ebola outbreak and t…
Health for health's sake, winning for God's sake
Ideas of smart power and Global Health Diplomacy have developed considerable prominence over the past decade in, respectively, the foreign policy and public health communities. Although in some respects separate, both suggest the potential for using health assistance to generate political as well as health benefits. The conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan provide an opportunity to examine these assertions at the ‘sharp end’. We consider both the he…
Smart Power? Health Interventions for Strategic Effect in Iraq and Afghanistan
In 1990, Joseph S. Nye identified the increased importance of “soft power” to foreign policy (Nye 1990). For Nye, soft power contrasts with hard power. The latter “rests on inducements (carrots) and threats (sticks),” while soft power is about “getting the outcomes one wants by attracting others rather than by manipulating their material incentives. It co-opts people rather than coerces them” (Nye 2008:28). With its focus on preserving life and i…
Health and Peacebuilding
In recent years it has increasingly been claimed that health-sector initiatives have the potential to make a meaningful contribution to post-conflict peacebuilding. This article examines two types of such claims - that health can act as a 'bridge for peace', and that health-sector reconstruction can assist in rebuilding the social contract and reestablishing the legitimacy of the government - and how they played out in the case of Sierra Leone. I…
Health and Peacebuilding
In recent years it has increasingly been claimed that health-sector initiatives have the potential to make a meaningful contribution to post-conflict peacebuilding. This article examines two types of such claims - that health can act as a 'bridge for peace', and that health-sector reconstruction can assist in rebuilding the social contract and reestablishing the legitimacy of the government - and how they played out in the case of Sierra Leone. I…
The UK, health and peace-building
The problem of how to build peace in post-conflict societies continues to loom large for governments and development agencies worldwide. This article examines the involvement of the UK development community in the creation of the World Health Organization's 'Health as a Bridge for Peace' (HBP) programme. It argues that the new development policy context brought in by the United Kingdom Labour administration in 1997 appeared to provide fertile gro…
The UN Secretary-General and Norm Entrepreneurship
This article argues that the secretary-general of the United Nations is in many respects in a strong position to engage in “norm entrepreneurship.” However, he must constantly balance the desire to forward particular principled ideas with the need to maintain the support of the member states and to act within the organization's (and his own) mandate. Examined here are the attempts made by Boutros Boutros-Ghali to promote a norm of democratic gove…
Medicine, Conflict and Survival
Twenty-five years of Medicine, Conflict and Survival
"Twenty-five years of Medicine, Conflict and Survival ." Medicine, Conflict and Survival, 25(4), pp. 265–266
Health, human rights and global security
Despite the current emphasis on climate change, terrorism and pandemics as threats to global security, the possession and proliferation of nuclear weapons by nation states still represents the clea
Health, peace and conflict
Rethinking the space for health and conflict
Aids and international security in the United Nations System
Two assumptions underpin much of the literature that has examined the links between HIV/AIDS and security: (1) that HIV/AIDS is now firmly established as an international security issue; and (2) that Resolution 1308, adopted by the UN Security Council in July 2000, was the decisive moment in the securitization process. This article questions both of those assumptions. It argues that even within the Security Council, HIV/AIDS' status as a bona fid…
HIV, Aids and security
HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest single causes of death and suffering on the planet. Over the last decade the societal impact of HIV/AIDS has been widely discussed in terms of national and international security. This article assesses the securitizing move and suggests that HIV/AIDS was only partially securitized at best and both the political consensus and strength of evidence were overestimated. It argues for greater nuance in our understanding …
Spies, vaccines and violence
On 2 May 2011, a US Navy Seal unit conducted a raid in the Pakistani town of Abbottabad, in which Osama bin Laden and four other people were killed. Hailed as a great success by the US government, ...
Politicizing aid
Putting health first
Confronting violence, protecting health
Global Health Security
The concept of ‘health security’ has been increasingly apparent in recent years in both academic and policy discourses on transborder infectious disease threats. Yet it has been noted that there are a range of conceptualisations of ‘health security’ in circulation and that confusion over the concept is creating international tensions with some states (particularly from the Global South) fearing that ‘health security’ in reality means securing the…
Looking forward and looking back
Terrorism, conflict and the after effects of war
Depressingly familiar
The Holdstock-Piachaud Prize 2011
This is the second year of the Holdstock-Piachaud Student Essay Prize, which was initiated by Medicine, Conflict and Survival in 2010 to encourage student engagement with the medical peace movement
The global debate over HIV-related travel restrictions
In 2010, the US repealed Section 212(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, which stated that a non-citizen determined to have a 'communicable disease of public health significance', is not admissible into the country without a waiver. This included HIV+ non-citizens. In the same year, several other countries, including China and South Korea, removed similar restrictions. This paper examines the global debate over HIV-related travel restricti…
New life in old frames
There have been recent indications that the primacy of AIDS among global health issues may be under threat. In this article we examine one response to have emerged from the AIDS policy community as a result of this perceived threat: the 'AIDS plus Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)' approach, which argues that the AIDS response (the focus of MDG6) is essential to achieving the other MDG targets by 2015, stressing the two-way relationship between…
Framing global health
With the emergence of global health comes governance challenges which are equally global in nature. This article identifies some of the initial limitations in analyses of global health governance (GHG) before discussing the focus of this special supplement: the framing of global health issues and the manner in which this impacts upon GHG. Whilst not denying the importance of material factors (such as resources and institutional competencies), the…
The revised International Health Regulations
This paper takes a constructivist approach to examining one of the new norms embodied in the recently revised International Health Regulations (IHR). The paper focuses on the provisions that seek to restrain states from applying disproportionate international travel and trade restrictions in response to a disease outbreak occurring in another country. This new norm, which aims to limit unjustified ‘additional health measures’, has significant imp…
Frames, Paradigms and Power
The study of global health governance has developed rapidly over recent years. That literature has identified a range of factors which help explain the “failure” of global health governance, but it has largely neglected the global public policy processes which perpetuate that failure. In this paper we argue that there is such a thing as “global health policy” and set out a new framework for analyzing the processes through which it is made, highli…
Smart Power? Health Interventions for Strategic Effect in Iraq and Afghanistan
In 1990, Joseph S. Nye identified the increased importance of “soft power” to foreign policy (Nye 1990). For Nye, soft power contrasts with hard power. The latter “rests on inducements (carrots) and threats (sticks),” while soft power is about “getting the outcomes one wants by attracting others rather than by manipulating their material incentives. It co-opts people rather than coerces them” (Nye 2008:28). With its focus on preserving life and i…
Political science (33 obras) · Law (25 obras) · Medicine (23 obras) · Global Security and Public Health (22 obras) · Sociology (21 obras) · Health and Conflict Studies (16 obras) · Economics (15 obras) · Politics (14 obras) · Economic growth (13 obras) · Global health (13 obras)