G Manzi
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 7854 |
|---|---|
| NOME | G Manzi |
| PRENOMES | G |
| SOBRENOME | Manzi |
| ASSINATURA | MANZI G |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Sapienza University of Rome |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8611-1371 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 58 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 358 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 58 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1990 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Lifestyle Impacts the Oral Microbiome of Classical and Post‐Classical Societies in Italy
Le mouvement absolu chez Leibniz
La position leibnizienne à l’égard de la nature du mouvement n’est pas sans ambiguïté. D’un côté, Leibniz semble soutenir une conception relativiste du mouvement, fondée sur le principe de l’équivalence des hypothèses ; de l’autre, il incline à affirmer le mouvement absolu à travers sa conception de la force active. Or, il fait l’hypothèse du mouvement absolu afin d’expliquer l’hétérogénéité des phénomènes physiques, et il justifie la déterminati…
Physical activity over 2,000 years in Milan
Testing the phylogeny of the genus Homo
Ce document a t gnr automatiquement le 19 dcembre 2025. Le texte seul est utilisable
Revealing Neolithic dietary patterns in Northeastern Italy
The Square Mouthed Pottery Culture (SMP) spread during the 5th millennium BCE, replacing the earliest Neolithic in northern Italy, from Liguria in the west to Friuli in the northeast. These Neolithic groups apparently adapted to a variety of environments, but although the diet of SMP communities has been investigated in Liguria and the Po plain, little is known about their subsistence and mobility in the eastern Alpine region. This study aims to …
Secular Changes in Craniofacial Morphology Over the Last 2000 Years in Milan, Italy
This study aims to analyze secular changes in craniofacial morphology over 2000 years in Milan, examining variations in cranial dimensions across historical periods and between sexes. It utilizes standard anthropometric techniques to provide insights into the evolution of craniofacial morphology within this urban population. The study includes 213 crania from five historical periods, with 29 craniofacial measurements selected based on established…
Neanderthal Cranio-Cervical Features
Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) and their direct ancestors are characterized by a number of derived cranial and postcranial morphological features. Many of these traits first appear in European Middle Pleistocene populations, likely as a result of adaptation and/or genetic drift. According to the "accretion model," this accumulation of traits was shaped by repeated extreme glacial conditions and associated demographic bottlenecks. However, t…
Temperature fluctuations and ventilation dynamics induced by atmospheric pressure variations in Lamalunga Cave (Apulia, Italy) and their influences on speleothem growth
Lamalunga Cave (Altamura, Southern Italy) is renowned for the discovery in 1993 of an excellently preserved Neanderthal skeleton. Given the importance of the findings and the potential use of Lamalunga speleothems for paleoclimate reconstructions, a detailed monitoring program was undertaken to investigate the connections between microclimate parameters and speleothem growth. The cave air temperature is characterized by annual sinusoidal cycles w…
Vitamin D deficiency, pregnancy, and childbirth in early medieval Milan
This paper explores the burden of osteomalacia on pregnancy and childbirth through two cases from early medieval urban Milan. Two skeletons of female individuals with skeletal deformities and associated with 25–36 gestational weeks fetuses, excavated from the Ad Martyres and San Vittore al Corpo urban cemeteries and dated to the Early Middle Ages, were examined. Paleopathological and historical analyses were performed in a biocultural approach to…
New hominin dental remains from Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)
International audience
Cladistics with geometric morphometric data
Ces 30 dernières années, plusieurs protocoles permettant d’utiliser des données 3D de morphométrie géométrique en cladistique ont été proposés. Fortement critiqués, ces protocoles ne sont qu’occasionnellement utilisés en paléoanthropologie, malgré le potentiel évident d’une telle approche. Dans cette étude, nous avons testé deux protocoles différents afin d’évaluer l’information phylogénétique dérivée des données de morphométrie géométrique, que …
A Longobard osteobiography. A multi-proxy life history of an elderly woman from Castel Trosino (Italy)
The Longobard cemetery of Castel Trosino (Central Italy, c. 6th-8th CE) was excavated at the end of the 19th century, with more than two hundred burials recovered. Currently only 19 crania and a few mandibles are preserved. Among these crania, a case of trepanation is documented on an elderly woman (c. 50 y.o.): the medical treatment, or the condition that led to it, likely influenced her life history. A multidisciplinary investigation of the onl…
Stabbed to death
Here we report the reconstruction of the osteobiography of an adult male buried in the Longobard cemetery of Povegliano Veronese (Northern Italy, late 6th - early 8th century CE), who shows signs of interpersonal violence. The palaeopathological investigation reveals sharp force traumas on the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra and on two right ribs. The absence of signs of healing or bone remodelling indicates that the defects were perimortem. T…
Application de la Cladistique aux données de morphométrie géométrique. Application aux genres Pongo, Gorilla, Pan et Homo
Au cours des 30 dernières années, plusieurs protocoles d’intégration de données 3D de morphométrie géométrique en cladistique ont été proposés. Fortement critiqués, ces protocoles ne sont qu’occasionnellement utilisés en paléontologie, malgré leur évident potentiel. Dans l’étude proposée ici, nous avons testé deux protocoles différents pour analyser 23 unités taxonomiques opérationnelles (UTO) représentant les genres Pongo, Gorilla, Pan, Australo…
An unprecedented case of cranial surgery in Longobard Italy (6th-8th century) using a cruciform incision
The Longobard necropolis of Castel Trosino dates from the 6th to the 8th century CE. Among the tombs excavated, the skull of an older female shows the first evidence of a cross-shaped bone modification on a living subject. Macroscopic, microscopic, and CT scan analyses revealed signs of at least two sets of scraping marks. Specifically, SEM analysis shows that perimortem bone-scraping traces are present on the skull. Both healed and non-healed de…
Multi-isotope analysis of primary and secondary dentin as a mean to broaden intra-life dietary reconstruction. A case from Longobard Italy
This exploratory study proposes an original intra-life history investigation through sequential analysis of the isotopic composition of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur (CNS) on both primary and secondary dentin of a tooth (M1). We focus on an elderly woman from Longobard Italy (6th to 8th c. CE), who showed an unprecedented case of cranial surgery, presented in a companion paper by Micarelli and colleagues. Sequential stable CNS isotope composition …
Pan‐Africanism vs. single‐origin of Homo sapiens
The scenario of Homo sapiens origin/s within Africa has become increasingly complex, with a pan‐African perspective currently challenging the long‐established single‐origin hypothesis. In this paper, we review the lines of evidence employed in support of each model, highlighting inferential limitations and possible terminological misunderstandings. We argue that the metapopulation scenario envisaged by pan‐African proponents well describes a mosa…
New human fossil from the latest Pleistocene levels of Grotta Romanelli (Apulia, southern Italy)
Gastrointestinal infection in Italy during the Roman Imperial and Longobard periods
Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and archaeology of Middle Pleistocene localities near Ceprano, Campogrande area, Italy
The Ceprano human calvarium, dated around 400,000 yr, is a well-known fossil specimen. It represents significant evidence of hominin presence in the Italian peninsula during the Middle Pleistocene and may be considered representative of an archaic variant of the widespread and polymorphic species Homo heidelbergensis . Since its discovery (March 1994), systematic surveys in the Campogrande area near Ceprano, central Italy, identified 12 localitie…
Digital imaging techniques applied to a case of concha bullosa from an early medieval funerary area in central Italy
Locomotion, posture, and the foramen magnum in primates
The position (FMP) and orientation (FMO) of the foramen magnum have been used as proxies for locomotion and posture in extant and extinct primates. Several indices have been designed to quantify FMP and FMO but their application has led to conflicting results. Here, we test six widely used indices and two approaches (univariate and multivariate) for their capability to discriminate between postural and locomotor types in extant primates and fossi…
Emergence of regional cultural traditions during the Lower Palaeolithic
A possible case of mycosis in a post-classical burial from La Selvicciola (Italy)
Medical imaging as a taphonomic tool
Purpose Medical imaging applied to archaeological human remains represents a powerful tool for the study of specimens of exceptionally fragile nature. Here, the authors report a tomographic computerized investigation on the naturally mummified human remains from the Takarkori rock shelter (Libyan Sahara), dated to the Middle Pastoral Neolithic (ca. 6100-5600 uncal BP). The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Medical radi…
The new chronology of the Ceprano calvarium (Italy)
A re-appraisal of Ceprano calvaria affinities with Homo erectus, after the new reconstruction
Humans of the Middle Pleistocene
The one-million-year-old Homo cranium from Bouri (Ethiopia)
Paleoneurology of an "early" Neandertal
Before the Emergence of Homo sapiens
The origin of H. sapiens has deep roots, which include two crucial nodes: (1) the emergence and diffusion of the last common ancestor of later Homo (in the Early Pleistocene) and (2) the tempo and mode of the appearance of distinct evolutionary lineages (in the Middle Pleistocene). The window between 1,000 and 500 thousand years before present appears of crucial importance, including the generation of a new and more encephalised kind of humanity,…
Nonalimentary tooth use in prehistory
Signs of nonalimentary tooth use were observed on the dentition of an adult male from a single burial excavated in an area close to the Uan Muhuggiag rock shelter (Tadrart Acacus, Libya), dated to more than 7800 uncalibrated years BP, that represents the most ancient human remain found in the Libyan Sahara, and provides a first glimpse of human adaptation in the early Holocene of this region. The wear pattern shows large grooves running across th…
The Neanderthal in the karst
Emergence of regional cultural traditions during the Lower Palaeolithic
Landmark‐based shape analysis of the archaic Homo calvarium from Ceprano (Italy)
The Ceprano calvarium represents one of the most important sources of information about both the dynamics of the earliest hominid dispersal toward Europe and the evolution of the genus Homo in the early‐to‐middle Pleistocene. In this paper, the midsagittal vault profile and the 3D frontal bone morphology of Ceprano are investigated comparatively, using landmark coordinates and Procrustes superimposition. In fact, despite the fact that the skull a…
Behavior‐induced auditory exostoses in imperial Roman society
Presence and features of auditory exostoses were investigated in two cranial samples of Roman imperial age (1st‐3rd century A.D.). The skeletal material comes from the necropolises of Portus (Isola Sacra) and Lucus Feroniae (Via Capenate), two towns along the Tevere River, in close relation with the social and economic life of Rome. Deep‐rooted differences between the human communities represented by the skeletal samples (83 and 71 individuals, r…
The Vindija Neanderthal scapular glenoid fossa
Developmental stress and cranial hypostosis by epigenetic trait occurrence and distribution
At the Archaic/Modern Boundary of the Genus Homo
Reproducing the internal and external anatomy of fossil bones
Both methods demonstrated to be much faster, cheaper, and more accurate than other conventional approaches. The tools we presented are available as add-ons in existing software within the R platform. Because of ease of application, and unrestrained availability of the methods proposed, these tools can be widely used by paleoanthropologists, paleontologists and anatomists
Megalithic architecture and funerary practices in the late prehistory of Wadi Tanezzuft (Libyan Sahara)
Recent surveys conducted by the Italo-Libyan Joint Mission of the University of Rome “La Sapienza” in the region of Wadi Tanezzuft (Libyan Sahara) revealed a huge number of sites characterised by the presence of stone tumuli and other megalithic constructions, usually associated with funerary rituals. During the 1999-2000 field seasons, one of these sites—site 96/129—was subjected to systematic excavation, revealing the construction technique of …
Physical activity over 2,000 years in Milan
New human fossil from the latest Pleistocene levels of Grotta Romanelli (Apulia, southern Italy)
Isotopic evidence of diet variation at the transition between classical and post-classical times in Central Italy
Neanderthal Cranio-Cervical Features
Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) and their direct ancestors are characterized by a number of derived cranial and postcranial morphological features. Many of these traits first appear in European Middle Pleistocene populations, likely as a result of adaptation and/or genetic drift. According to the "accretion model," this accumulation of traits was shaped by repeated extreme glacial conditions and associated demographic bottlenecks. However, t…
Digital Tools for the Preservation of the Human Fossil Heritage
Secular Changes in Craniofacial Morphology Over the Last 2000 Years in Milan, Italy
This study aims to analyze secular changes in craniofacial morphology over 2000 years in Milan, examining variations in cranial dimensions across historical periods and between sexes. It utilizes standard anthropometric techniques to provide insights into the evolution of craniofacial morphology within this urban population. The study includes 213 crania from five historical periods, with 29 craniofacial measurements selected based on established…
Vitamin D deficiency, pregnancy, and childbirth in early medieval Milan
This paper explores the burden of osteomalacia on pregnancy and childbirth through two cases from early medieval urban Milan. Two skeletons of female individuals with skeletal deformities and associated with 25–36 gestational weeks fetuses, excavated from the Ad Martyres and San Vittore al Corpo urban cemeteries and dated to the Early Middle Ages, were examined. Paleopathological and historical analyses were performed in a biocultural approach to…
Cladistics with geometric morphometric data
Ces 30 dernières années, plusieurs protocoles permettant d’utiliser des données 3D de morphométrie géométrique en cladistique ont été proposés. Fortement critiqués, ces protocoles ne sont qu’occasionnellement utilisés en paléoanthropologie, malgré le potentiel évident d’une telle approche. Dans cette étude, nous avons testé deux protocoles différents afin d’évaluer l’information phylogénétique dérivée des données de morphométrie géométrique, que …
Stabbed to death
Here we report the reconstruction of the osteobiography of an adult male buried in the Longobard cemetery of Povegliano Veronese (Northern Italy, late 6th - early 8th century CE), who shows signs of interpersonal violence. The palaeopathological investigation reveals sharp force traumas on the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra and on two right ribs. The absence of signs of healing or bone remodelling indicates that the defects were perimortem. T…
The Casal de' Pazzi archaic parietal
Behavior‐induced auditory exostoses in imperial Roman society
Presence and features of auditory exostoses were investigated in two cranial samples of Roman imperial age (1st‐3rd century A.D.). The skeletal material comes from the necropolises of Portus (Isola Sacra) and Lucus Feroniae (Via Capenate), two towns along the Tevere River, in close relation with the social and economic life of Rome. Deep‐rooted differences between the human communities represented by the skeletal samples (83 and 71 individuals, r…
At the Archaic/Modern Boundary of the Genus Homo
Developmental stress and cranial hypostosis by epigenetic trait occurrence and distribution
Dental size and shape in the Roman imperial age
Different socioeconomic strata of Roman imperial age are represented by two large dental samples recovered from archaeological excavations near Rome, Italy. Teeth are investigated for crown dimensions and morphological variants. One sample, comprising 1,465 permanent teeth, represents the rural town of Lucus Feroniae (LFR) and is mainly composed of slaves and war veterans. The other, comprising 734 teeth from the Isola Sacra necropolis at Portus …
Dental size and shape in the Roman imperial age
Different socioeconomic strata of Roman imperial age are represented by two large dental samples recovered from archaeological excavations near Rome, Italy. Teeth are investigated for crown dimensions and morphological variants. One sample, comprising 1,465 permanent teeth, represents the rural town of Lucus Feroniae (LFR) and is mainly composed of slaves and war veterans. The other, comprising 734 teeth from the Isola Sacra necropolis at Portus …
Discontinuity of life conditions at the transition from the Roman imperial age to the early middle ages
Teeth are highly informative in the study of past human populations. In particular, the occurrence of lesions in the masticatory apparatus relates diseases, diet, and living conditions. The dental pathology of three skeletal samples from the north-central part of Latium (central Italy) is reported. Two of them belong to the Roman Imperial Age (1st-3rd century AD): the first (including 942 permanent teeth and 1,085 tooth sockets) represents the ru…
Before Food Production in North Africa. Questions and Tools Dealing with Resource Exploitation and Population Dynamics at 12000-7000 BP
Cranial discrete traits in the Middle Pleistocene humans from Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). Does hypostosis represent any increase in “ontogenetic stress” along the Neanderthal line…
A re-appraisal of Ceprano calvaria affinities with Homo erectus, after the new reconstruction
A cranium for the earliest Europeans
The human fossil evidence unequivocally pertaining to the first inhabitants of Europe at present includes the sample from Atapuerca-TD6 (Spain) and the incomplete adult calvaria discovered near Ceprano, in Southern Latium (Italy). On the basis of regional correlations and a series of absolute dates, the age of the Ceprano hominid is estimated to range between 800 and 900 kilo-annum (ka). In addition, the association with archaic (Mode 1) Paleolit…
Porotic hyperostosis as a marker of health and nutritional conditions during childhood
Porotic hyperostosis, characterized by small and localized perforations on the surface of cranial bones, is considered a good indicator for assessing the health and nutritional status of past human populations. The most widely accepted theory at present indicates that anemias, either acquired or of genetic origin, are responsible for the bony lesions described as porotic hyperostosis. In this paper, the prevalence of these lesions in two skeletal…
Megalithic architecture and funerary practices in the late prehistory of Wadi Tanezzuft (Libyan Sahara)
Recent surveys conducted by the Italo-Libyan Joint Mission of the University of Rome “La Sapienza” in the region of Wadi Tanezzuft (Libyan Sahara) revealed a huge number of sites characterised by the presence of stone tumuli and other megalithic constructions, usually associated with funerary rituals. During the 1999-2000 field seasons, one of these sites—site 96/129—was subjected to systematic excavation, revealing the construction technique of …
Encephalization and allometric trajectories in the genus Homo
The term “encephalization” is commonly used to describe an enlargement in brain size, considered as either absolute endocranial volumes or relative values in relation to body size. It is widely recognized that a considerable endocranial expansion occurred throughout the evolution of the genus Homo . This article aims to evaluate whether this phenomenon was the outcome of distinct evolutionary lineages, reaching similar brain expansions but throug…
Sand, Stone, and Bones
Nonalimentary tooth use in prehistory
Signs of nonalimentary tooth use were observed on the dentition of an adult male from a single burial excavated in an area close to the Uan Muhuggiag rock shelter (Tadrart Acacus, Libya), dated to more than 7800 uncalibrated years BP, that represents the most ancient human remain found in the Libyan Sahara, and provides a first glimpse of human adaptation in the early Holocene of this region. The wear pattern shows large grooves running across th…
The one-million-year-old Homo cranium from Bouri (Ethiopia)
Human evolution at the Matuyama‐Brunhes boundary
The cranial morphology of fossil hominids between the end of the Early Pleistocene and the beginning of the Middle Pleistocene provides crucial evidence to understand the distribution in time and space of the genus Homo . This evidence is critical for evaluating the competing models regarding diversity within our genus. The debate focuses on two alternative hypotheses, one basically anagenetic and the other cladogenetic. The first suggests that m…
Saccopastore 1
Mobility and kinship in the prehistoric Sahara
Digital Tools for the Preservation of the Human Fossil Heritage
Dental evidence on the hominin dispersals during the Pleistocene
A common assumption in the evolutionary scenario of the first Eurasian hominin populations is that they all had an African origin. This assumption also seems to apply for the Early and Middle Pleistocene populations, whose presence in Europe has been largely explained by a discontinuous flow of African emigrant waves. Only recently, some voices have speculated about the possibility of Asia being a center of speciation. However, no hard evidence h…
Landmark‐based shape analysis of the archaic Homo calvarium from Ceprano (Italy)
The Ceprano calvarium represents one of the most important sources of information about both the dynamics of the earliest hominid dispersal toward Europe and the evolution of the genus Homo in the early‐to‐middle Pleistocene. In this paper, the midsagittal vault profile and the 3D frontal bone morphology of Ceprano are investigated comparatively, using landmark coordinates and Procrustes superimposition. In fact, despite the fact that the skull a…
Evidence of artificial cranial deformation from the later prehistory of the Acacus Mts. (southwestern Libya, Central Sahara)
The 1999–2001 Italian–Libyan Archaeological Mission in the Acacus and Messak, southwestern Libya, resulted in the discovery of human specimens from the Wadi Tanezzuft Valley belonging to the Final Pastoral horizon (i.e. late Neolithic, about 3000 years bp). Some of these show clear traces of artificial cranial deformation. This practice, hitherto unrecorded in the central Sahara, is described and analysed in this paper. It represents an additiona…
Paleoneurology of an "early" Neandertal
Geography (41 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (35 obras) · Archaeology (34 obras) · Biology (32 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (32 obras) · Paleontology (23 obras) · Paleontology (19 obras) · Evolutionary biology (18 obras) · Pleistocene (17 obras) · Evolution and Paleontology Studies (16 obras)