Michael Frese
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 78974 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Michael Frese |
| PRENOMES | Michael |
| SOBRENOME | Frese |
| ASSINATURA | FRESE M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Leuphana University of Lüneburg |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6462-4395 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 183 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 49 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1982 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Towards a concept of error tolerance culture
This study introduces a concept and measure of “error tolerance culture” that could advance our understanding of cross‐national variations in entrepreneurial activity and risk‐related outcomes. Using data from 58 countries of the GLOBE study, we show that the cultural practice of error tolerance constitutes a meaningful measure with dual implications: While positively associated with entrepreneurial activity across nations, it is also linked to b…
Learning from African entrepreneurship—on the psychological function of entrepreneurial preparedness
Psychological preparedness for entrepreneurial actions helps to connect macro-institutional support for entrepreneurs to actions of entrepreneurs. Action knowledge and personal initiative are part of entrepreneurial preparedness, and there are two training concepts that have been developed to increase the number of entrepreneurs among BA and high school students in low- and middle-income countries and to improve the skills and mindset of entrepre…
The Psychology of Entrepreneurship
We review the research on the psychology of entrepreneurship of the last decade. We focus on two key topics in entrepreneurship research: action and process. Combining action and process in a model of the psychology of entrepreneurship, we present the action theory process model of entrepreneurship and use it as a guiding framework for the review. We discuss theories of action, such as effectuation/causation, bricolage, theory of planned behavior…
The impact of soft-skills training for entrepreneurs in Jamaica
Primed Goals and Primed Actions
The meta‐analysis by Chen et al. (2020) opened up an area for new research—priming of goals works to enhance performance similar to goal setting theory. This commentary uses an action theory point of view to add some research questions to be answered in the future
Initiative in Work Teams
Background : The central point of this study is team initiative , and we analyzed how the theoretical model of antecedents and consequents of personal initiative contribute to explaining the relationship between team initiative and its antecedents and consequents. Authentic leadership is proposed as the antecedent, and the consequent leads to two types of outcomes, one of which is related to employee well-being, and the other is related to perfor…
Who stays proactive after entrepreneurship training? N eed for cognition, personal initiative maintenance, and well‐being
Personal initiative training is a promising way to increase entrepreneurial personal initiative, which is a key behavior for successful entrepreneurship. Although personal initiative training has been shown to promote personal initiative, little is known about how this proactive behavior can be maintained over time and what the consequences are. The training transfer literature suggests that training effects usually decline with time. It is not c…
Teaching personal initiative beats traditional training in boosting small business in West Africa
Helping people and their businesses grow Many lower-income people in developing countries do not receive a wage but instead are self-employed in small firms of fewer than five workers. Helping entrepreneurs to grow small businesses by teaching them formal business skills has yielded mixed results. Campos et al. show that teaching entrepreneurial skills to the self-employed works much better in terms of increasing both sales and profits. The entre…
Motivation related to work
Work motivation is a topic of crucial importance to the success of organizations and societies and the well-being of individuals. We organize the work motivation literature over the last century using a meta-framework that clusters theories, findings, and advances in the field according to their primary focus on (a) motives, traits, and motivation orientations (content); (b) features of the job, work role, and broader environment (context); or (c…
Action Regulation Across the Adult Lifespan (Aral)
The goals of this article are to integrate action regulation theory (ART) with the lifespan developmental perspective and to outline tenets of a new metatheory of work and aging. The action regulation across the adult lifespan (ARAL) theory explains how workers influence, and are influenced by, their environment across different time spans. First, the basic concepts of ART are described, including the sequential and hierarchical structure of acti…
Stress
Stress in organizations is common: “A recent study conducted on behalf of the American Psychological Association showed that between 2007 and 2010 about 70% of surveyed Americans perceived “work” to be one the major causes of stress.”
Personal Initiative
Personal Initiative (PI) is a behavior characterized by its self‐starting nature, its proactive approach, and by being persistent in overcoming difficulties that arise in the pursuit of a goal.
Errors
Errors are unintentional deviations from a goal, caused by some act or omission that is in principle avoidable. Because of negative consequences of errors, avoiding errors is a principle goal of organizations and individuals. However, errors cannot be completely avoided because cognitive capacity of humans is limited, whereas the amount of information that could in principle influence a situation goes beyond this limit. Therefore, organizations n…
Action Errors, Error Management, and Learning in Organizations
Every organization is confronted with errors. Most errors are corrected easily, but some may lead to negative consequences. Organizations often focus on error prevention as a single strategy for dealing with errors. Our review suggests that error prevention needs to be supplemented by error management—an approach directed at effectively dealing with errors after they have occurred, with the goal of minimizing negative and maximizing positive erro…
Cultural Practices, Norms, and Values
The Psychology of Entrepreneurship
In this review of the psychology of entrepreneurship, we first present meta-analytic findings showing that personality dimensions, such as (general) self-efficacy and need for achievement, and entrepreneurial orientation are highly associated with entrepreneurship (business creation and business success). We then discuss constructs that were developed within entrepreneurship research, such as entrepreneurial alertness, business planning, financia…
A Dynamic Perspective on Affect and Creativity
We argue that creativity is influenced by the dynamic interplay of positive and negative affect: High creativity results if a person experiences an episode of negative affect that is followed by a decrease in negative affect and an increase in positive affect, a process referred to as an “affective shift.” An experience-sampling study with 102 full-time employees provided support for the hypotheses. An experimental study with 80 students underlin…
Construct Clean‐Up in Proactivity Research
The overall goal of the meta‐analytic review of the most frequently studied proactivity concepts—personal initiative, proactive personality, taking charge, and voice—was cleaning up the number and overlap of proactivity constructs and examining their construct validity. We provide a unifying framework for proactivity theory and a nomological net. We studied 163 independent samples ( N = 36,079). The meta‐analysis found high correlations between p…
Humane Orientation as a New Cultural Dimension of the GLOBE Project
We validate, extend, and empirically and theoretically criticize the cultural dimension of humane orientation of the project GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program). Theoretically, humane orientation is not just a one-dimensionally positive concept about being caring, altruistic, and kind to others as discussed by Kabasakal and Bodur (2004), but there is also a certain ambivalence to this concept. We s…
Stress in Organizations
This chapter provides an overview of research on job stress. It describes the stress concept and presents major stress theories (e.g., transactional stress model, person-environment fit theory, job demands–job control model). It summarizes empirical findings on the association between job stressors on the one hand and individual well-being, health, job performance, and other aspects of organizational behavior on the other hand. A review of 70 lon…
Evidence-Based Entrepreneurship (EBE)
The concept and aim of an evidence-based entrepreneurship (EBE) is discussed as a strategy to overcome the divide between knowledge developed in the field of entrepreneurship and its use in practice. Evidence constitutes the best summary of knowledge based on several sources of information (several studies, several different research groups, several different methodological approaches, among them the best methods available), all of which go beyon…
Patterns of Entrepreneurial Career Development
Longitudinal studies of entrepreneurial career development are rare, and current knowledge of self-employment patterns and their relationships with individual difference characteristics is limited. In this study, the authors analyzed employment data from a subsample of 514 participants from the German Socio-Economic Panel study (1984–2008). Results of an optimal matching analysis indicated that a continuous self-employment pattern could be distin…
Human capital and entrepreneurial success
Maintaining a focus on opportunities at work
The concept of focus on opportunities describes how many new goals, options, and possibilities employees believe to have in their personal future at work. This study investigated the specific and shared effects of age, job complexity, and the use of successful aging strategies called selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) in predicting focus on opportunities. Results of data collected from 133 employees of one company (mean age = 38 year…
Putting job design in context
This special issue introduces new cross‐disciplinary, cross‐level, and cross‐cultural perspectives on job design. The authors examine job design from the viewpoints of organizational behavior, sociology, economics, corporate strategy, entrepreneurship, and evolutionary psychology. They consider job design in the context of interpersonal interactions, teams, leadership, networks, occupations, organizational structures, national cultures, and insti…
Innovation is not enough
This paper contributes to the discussion on contingencies of process innovations by focusing on and introducing organizational‐level constructs of climate for initiative and psychological safety. We argue that process innovations, defined as deliberate and new organizational attempts to change production and service processes, need to be accompanied by climates that complement the adoption and implementation of such innovations. Our study of 47 m…
Maintaining a focus on opportunities at work
The concept of focus on opportunities describes how many new goals, options, and possibilities employees believe to have in their personal future at work. This study investigated the specific and shared effects of age, job complexity, and the use of successful aging strategies called selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) in predicting focus on opportunities. Results of data collected from 133 employees of one company (mean age = 38 year…
Three Avenues for Future Research on Creativity, Innovation, and Initiative
La créativité, l'innovation et l'initiative sont des processus psychologiques qui facilitent la transformation des rôles professionnels individuels, des équipes et des organisations en ce qui est souhaitable. Cet article est donc axé sur des orientations de recherche virtuelles de ce secteur de plus en plus important. Plus précisément, nous indiquons trois graves lacunes, à savoir la nécessité d'une plus grande différenciation des processus, d'un…
Prolonged unemployment and depression in older workers
Cultural Practices, Norms, and Values
Action Regulation Across the Adult Lifespan (Aral)
The goals of this article are to integrate action regulation theory (ART) with the lifespan developmental perspective and to outline tenets of a new metatheory of work and aging. The action regulation across the adult lifespan (ARAL) theory explains how workers influence, and are influenced by, their environment across different time spans. First, the basic concepts of ART are described, including the sequential and hierarchical structure of acti…
Linking service employees' emotional competence to customer satisfaction
This study investigates the role of the positive organizational behavior (POB) concept of emotional competence for the effective management of participants' affect in service encounters and customers' assessments about the encounter. We developed and tested a two‐level model in which service employees' emotional competence is related to both service employees' and customers' state positive affect. Customers' positive affect, in turn, is related t…
Putting job design in context
This special issue introduces new cross‐disciplinary, cross‐level, and cross‐cultural perspectives on job design. The authors examine job design from the viewpoints of organizational behavior, sociology, economics, corporate strategy, entrepreneurship, and evolutionary psychology. They consider job design in the context of interpersonal interactions, teams, leadership, networks, occupations, organizational structures, national cultures, and insti…
Alleviating depression in the unemployed
The impact of soft-skills training for entrepreneurs in Jamaica
Who stays proactive after entrepreneurship training? N eed for cognition, personal initiative maintenance, and well‐being
Personal initiative training is a promising way to increase entrepreneurial personal initiative, which is a key behavior for successful entrepreneurship. Although personal initiative training has been shown to promote personal initiative, little is known about how this proactive behavior can be maintained over time and what the consequences are. The training transfer literature suggests that training effects usually decline with time. It is not c…
Humane Orientation as a New Cultural Dimension of the GLOBE Project
We validate, extend, and empirically and theoretically criticize the cultural dimension of humane orientation of the project GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program). Theoretically, humane orientation is not just a one-dimensionally positive concept about being caring, altruistic, and kind to others as discussed by Kabasakal and Bodur (2004), but there is also a certain ambivalence to this concept. We s…
Goal orientation and planfulness
Occupational socialization and psychological development
This article argues for consideration of occupational socialization as a research focus in industrial psychology: the changes that come about in a person through his or her participation in work. Research on occupational socialization takes a developmental perspective, and is a part of life‐span developmental psychology. Specifically, the framework of occupational socialization calls attention to these research questions: The effects of work on a…
Goal orientation and planfulness
Prolonged unemployment and depression in older workers
Alleviating depression in the unemployed
Software für die Arbeit von morgen
Errors in Training Computer Skills
Traditionally, errors are avoided in training. In contrast to this approach, it is argued that errors can also have a positive function and that one has to learn to deal efficiently with errors on a strategic and an emotional level (error management). An experiment tested these assumptions. One group (n = 9) received guidance for error-free performance; another group (n = 15) received error training. In the latter group, errors were produced by a…
Eigeninitiative am Arbeitsplatz im Osten und Westen Deutschlands
Eigeninitiative am Arbeitsplatz im Osten und Westen Deutschlands: Ergebnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung was published in Psychologische Aspekte des sozio-politischen Wandels in Ostdeutschland on page 200
Longitudinal studies in organizational stress research
The concept of personal initiative
Personal initiative is conceptualized as a behavioural syndrome made up of several factors. It is important for organizational effectiveness and is one aspect of ‘contextual performance’. The construct validity of a set of interview‐ and questionnaire‐based scales for measuring initiative was ascertained in interrelated studies (two waves from a longitudinal study in East Germany [ N = 543] and a cross‐sectional study in West Germany [ N = 160]).…
Error orientation questionnaire (EOQ)
An Error Orientation Questionnaire (EOQ) was developed, consisting of eight scales on attitudes to and on coping with errors at work. In Study I (representative sample of a German city, N=478) six scales were developed with the help of a confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL techniques. They comprise error competence, learning from errors, error risk taking, error strain, error anticipation, covering up errors. All constructs were validated. …
On the importance of the objective environment in stress and attribution theory. Counterpoint to Perrewé and Zellars
Working in East German Socialism in 1980 and in Capitalism 15 Years Later
Many studies document the changes that have taken place in the new German states, the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), since the end of socialism. Most research looks at the changes that took place after the unification of East and West Germany, but little is known about the differences between the present, somewhat settled situation in the new German states and the stable situation in the GDR before the system change. The goal of this st…
Conservatives' Approach to Work
This study examined conservatism in the domain of work by relating conservatism to work‐related attitudes and personal initiative. Wilson's (1973) concept was used, defining conservatism as rooted in a generalized intolerance of uncertainty. Focusing on the domain of work, it was hypothesized that conservatism should be related to avoiding uncertainty at work, such as responsibility, innovation, change, and challenge, and that conservatives would…
Why negative affectivity should not be controlled in job stress research
The Nature of NA as a BiasResearch has established individual dierences in the tendency to experience negative emotions.The most frequently studied of these dispositions is trait anxiety, although anger and depression have also been given attention.Watson and colleagues (e.g., Watson and Clark, 1984;Watson and Pennebaker, 1989), noting that various measures of aective disorders were strongly intercorrelated, developed the negative aectivity const…
Why negative affectivity should not be controlled in job stress research
The Nature of NA as a Bias
Personal initiative
Innovation is not enough
This paper contributes to the discussion on contingencies of process innovations by focusing on and introducing organizational‐level constructs of climate for initiative and psychological safety. We argue that process innovations, defined as deliberate and new organizational attempts to change production and service processes, need to be accompanied by climates that complement the adoption and implementation of such innovations. Our study of 47 m…
Three Avenues for Future Research on Creativity, Innovation, and Initiative
La créativité, l'innovation et l'initiative sont des processus psychologiques qui facilitent la transformation des rôles professionnels individuels, des équipes et des organisations en ce qui est souhaitable. Cet article est donc axé sur des orientations de recherche virtuelles de ce secteur de plus en plus important. Plus précisément, nous indiquons trois graves lacunes, à savoir la nécessité d'une plus grande différenciation des processus, d'un…
Organizational Error Management Culture and Its Impact on Performance
The authors argue that a high-organizational error management culture, conceptualized to include norms and common practices in organizations (e.g., communicating about errors, detecting, analyzing, and correcting errors quickly), is pivotal to the reduction of negative and the promotion of positive error consequences. Organizational error management culture was positively related to firm performance across 2 studies conducted in 2 different Europ…
Let's put the person back into entrepreneurship research
Linking service employees' emotional competence to customer satisfaction
This study investigates the role of the positive organizational behavior (POB) concept of emotional competence for the effective management of participants' affect in service encounters and customers' assessments about the encounter. We developed and tested a two‐level model in which service employees' emotional competence is related to both service employees' and customers' state positive affect. Customers' positive affect, in turn, is related t…
A Dialectic Perspective on Innovation
Innovation, the development and intentional introduction of new and useful ideas by individuals, teams, and organizations, lies at the heart of human adaptation. Decades of research in different disciplines and at different organizational levels have produced a wealth of knowledge about how innovation emerges and the factors that facilitate and inhibit innovation. We propose that this knowledge needs integration. In an initial step toward this go…
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance
Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has received substantial conceptual and empirical attention, representing one of the few areas in entrepreneurship research where a cumulative body of knowledge is developing. The time is therefore ripe to document, to review, and to evaluate the cumulative knowledge on the relationship between EO and business performance. Extending beyond qualitative assessment, we undertook a meta–analysis exploring the magnitud…
Remaining time and opportunities at work
The authors adapted the concept of future time perspective (FTP) to the work context and examined its relationships with age and work characteristics (job complexity and control). Structural equation modeling of data from 176 employees of various occupations showed that age is negatively related to 2 distinct dimensions of occupational FTP: remaining time and remaining opportunities. Work characteristics (job complexity and control) were positive…
Skill Learning as a Concept in Life-Span Developmental Psychology
An action theoretic account of skill learning and skill use is offered as a useful heuristic for life-span developmental psychology. It is suggested that analyses of the tasks confronting an individual and of the structure of action, as well as of the interplay of these two, have implications for the understanding of development across the life span. In particular, these analyses have implications for the disuse hypothesis, the issue of stability…
Psychology (41 obras) · Social Psychology (30 obras) · Computer Science (23 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior (16 obras) · Political science (15 obras) · Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences (13 obras) · Business (11 obras) · Entrepreneurship (11 obras) · Applied Psychology (10 obras)