Gerhard W Weber
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 80502 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Gerhard W Weber |
| PRENOMES | Gerhard W |
| SOBRENOME | Weber |
| ASSINATURA | WEBER G W |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Vienna |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8542-6259 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 47 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 806 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 47 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1994 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
The dental remains from the Early Upper Paleolithic of Manot Cave, Israel
Before the massive modern human dispersal into Eurasia
Variation of 3D outer and inner crown morphology in modern human mandibular premolars
Objectives This study explores the outer and inner crown of lower third and fourth premolars (P 3 , P 4 ) by analyzing the morphological variation among diverse modern human groups. Materials and Methods We studied three‐dimensional models of the outer enamel surface and the enamel–dentine junction (EDJ) from μCT datasets of 77 recent humans using both an assessment of seven nonmetric traits and a standard geometric morphometric (GM) analysis. Fo…
The earliest modern humans outside Africa
Earliest modern humans out of Africa Recent paleoanthropological studies have suggested that modern humans migrated from Africa as early as the beginning of the Late Pleistocene, 120,000 years ago. Hershkovitz et al. now suggest that early modern humans were already present outside of Africa more than 55,000 years earlier (see the Perspective by Stringer and Galway-Witham). During excavations of sediments at Mount Carmel, Israel, they found a fos…
How did the Qesem Cave people use their teeth? Analysis of dental wear patterns
The Qesem Cave hominin material (part 2)
The Qesem Cave hominin material (part 1)
Virtual Anthropology and Biomechanics
Levantine cranium from Manot Cave (Israel) foreshadows the first European modern humans
New Middle Pleistocene dental remains from Qesem Cave (Israel)
Virtual Anthropology
Comparative morphology, dealing with the diversity of form and shape, and functional morphology, the study of the relationship between the structure and the function of an organism's parts, are both important subdisciplines in biological research. Virtual anthropology (VA) contributes to comparative morphology by taking advantage of technological innovations, and it also offers new opportunities for functional analyses. It exploits digital techno…
Variability of Australopithecus second maxillary molars from Sterkfontein Member 4
Functional implications of squamosal suture size in paranthropus boisei
It has been hypothesized that the extensively overlapping temporal and parietal bones of the squamosal sutures in Paranthropus boisei are adaptations for withstanding loads associated with feeding. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to investigate the biomechanical effects of suture size (i.e., the area of overlap between the temporal and parietal bones) on stress, strain energy, and strain ratio in the squamosal sutures of Pan troglodytes an…
Enamel thickness variation of deciduous first and second upper molars in modern humans and Neanderthals
Another link between archaeology and anthropology
Archaeology and biological anthropology share research interests and numerous methods for field work. Both profit from collaborative work and diffusion of know-how. The last two decades have seen a technical revolution in biological anthropology: Virtual Anthropology (VA). It exploits digital technologies and brings together experts from different domains. Using volume and surface data from scanning processes, VA allows applying advanced shape an…
Virtual Anthropology and Biomechanics
Viewpoints
Recent biomechanical analyses examining the feeding adaptations of early hominins have yielded results consistent with the hypothesis that hard foods exerted a selection pressure that influenced the evolution of australopith morphology. However, this hypothesis appears inconsistent with recent reconstructions of early hominin diet based on dental microwear and stable isotopes. Thus, it is likely that either the diets of some australopiths include…
Individual tooth macrowear pattern guides the reconstruction of Sts 52 ( Australopithecus africanus ) dental arches
The functional restoration of the occlusal relationship between maxillary and mandibular tooth rows is a major challenge in modern dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Similar technical challenges are present in paleoanthropology when considering fragmented and deformed mandibular and maxillary fossils. Sts 52, an Australopithecus africanus specimen from Sterkfontein Member 4, represents a typical case where the original shape of the dental arche…
Technical note
Procrustes‐based geometric morphometrics (GM) is most often applied to problems of craniofacial shape variation. Here, we demonstrate a novel application of GM to the analysis of whole postcranial elements in a study of 77 hominoid tibiae. We focus on two novel methodological improvements to standard GM approaches: 1) landmark configurations of tibiae including 15 epiphyseal landmarks and 483 semilandmarks along articular surfaces and muscle inse…
Cervical and crown outline analysis of worn Neanderthal and modern human lower second deciduous molars
Despite the general increase in digital techniques for dental morphometric analyses, only a few methods are available to study worn teeth. Moreover, permanent dentitions are studied much more frequently than deciduous teeth. In this study, we address both issues by providing a taxonomic classification of Neanderthal and modern human (MH) lower second deciduous molars (dm 2 s) through the analysis of crown and cervical outlines. Crown and cervical…
Brief communication
Finite element analysis (FEA) is a widespread technique to evaluate the stress/strain distributions in teeth or dental supporting tissues. However, in most studies occlusal forces are usually simplified using a single vector (i.e., point load) either parallel to the long tooth axis or oblique to this axis. In this pilot study we show how lower first molar occlusal information can be used to investigate the stress distribution with 3D FEA in the s…
Endocranial volume of Australopithecus africanus
Sex at Sterkfontein
Microwear, mechanics and the feeding adaptations of Australopithecus africanus
Views into the future
Principles for the virtual reconstruction of hominin crania
Early hominid brain evolution
A comparative study of stereolithographically modelled skulls of Petralona and Broken Hill
Viewpoints
Recent biomechanical analyses examining the feeding adaptations of early hominins have yielded results consistent with the hypothesis that hard foods exerted a selection pressure that influenced the evolution of australopith morphology. However, this hypothesis appears inconsistent with recent reconstructions of early hominin diet based on dental microwear and stable isotopes. Thus, it is likely that either the diets of some australopiths include…
Virtual Anthropology
Endocranial volume of Australopithecus africanus
Effects of brain and facial size on basicranial form in human and primate evolution
New Middle Pleistocene dental remains from Qesem Cave (Israel)
Virtual Anthropology
Comparative morphology, dealing with the diversity of form and shape, and functional morphology, the study of the relationship between the structure and the function of an organism's parts, are both important subdisciplines in biological research. Virtual anthropology (VA) contributes to comparative morphology by taking advantage of technological innovations, and it also offers new opportunities for functional analyses. It exploits digital techno…
Cervical and crown outline analysis of worn Neanderthal and modern human lower second deciduous molars
Despite the general increase in digital techniques for dental morphometric analyses, only a few methods are available to study worn teeth. Moreover, permanent dentitions are studied much more frequently than deciduous teeth. In this study, we address both issues by providing a taxonomic classification of Neanderthal and modern human (MH) lower second deciduous molars (dm 2 s) through the analysis of crown and cervical outlines. Crown and cervical…
A reassessment of the Neanderthal teeth from Taddeo cave (southern Italy)
Comparison of dental measurement systems for taxonomic assignment of Neanderthal and modern human lower second deciduous molars
The Qesem Cave hominin material (part 1)
The Qesem Cave hominin material (part 2)
Sexual dimorphism of the human mandible and its association with dental development
The present study investigates whether the human mandible is sexually dimorphic during early postnatal development and whether early dimorphic features persist during subsequent ontogeny. We also examine whether mandibular dimorphism is linked to dimorphism of dental development. Dense CT‐derived mandibular meshes of 84 females and 75 males, ranging from birth to adulthood, were analyzed using geometric morphometric methods. On the basis of the s…
Enamel thickness variation of deciduous first and second upper molars in modern humans and Neanderthals
Another link between archaeology and anthropology
Archaeology and biological anthropology share research interests and numerous methods for field work. Both profit from collaborative work and diffusion of know-how. The last two decades have seen a technical revolution in biological anthropology: Virtual Anthropology (VA). It exploits digital technologies and brings together experts from different domains. Using volume and surface data from scanning processes, VA allows applying advanced shape an…
Variability of Australopithecus second maxillary molars from Sterkfontein Member 4
Individual tooth macrowear pattern guides the reconstruction of Sts 52 ( Australopithecus africanus ) dental arches
The functional restoration of the occlusal relationship between maxillary and mandibular tooth rows is a major challenge in modern dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Similar technical challenges are present in paleoanthropology when considering fragmented and deformed mandibular and maxillary fossils. Sts 52, an Australopithecus africanus specimen from Sterkfontein Member 4, represents a typical case where the original shape of the dental arche…
Sex at Sterkfontein
A new OH5 reconstruction with an assessment of its uncertainty
Brief communication
Finite element analysis (FEA) is a widespread technique to evaluate the stress/strain distributions in teeth or dental supporting tissues. However, in most studies occlusal forces are usually simplified using a single vector (i.e., point load) either parallel to the long tooth axis or oblique to this axis. In this pilot study we show how lower first molar occlusal information can be used to investigate the stress distribution with 3D FEA in the s…
Microwear, mechanics and the feeding adaptations of Australopithecus africanus
The dental remains from the Early Upper Paleolithic of Manot Cave, Israel
"New Findings on the Tyrolean "Ice Man
"New Findings on the Tyrolean "Ice Man
A comparative study of stereolithographically modelled skulls of Petralona and Broken Hill
Endocranial capacity of the Bodo cranium determined from three‐dimensional computed tomography
The 600,000-year-old cranium from Bodo, Ethiopia, is the oldest and most complete early Middle Pleistocene hominid skull from Africa. “Virtual endocast” models created by three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) techniques indicate an endocranial capacity of about 1,250 cc for this cranium (with a reasonable range between ∼1,200–1,325 cc, depending on how missing portions of the basicranial region are reconstructed). From these determinations, …
Endocranial capacity of the Bodo cranium determined from three-dimensional computed tomography
The 600,000-year-old cranium from Bodo, Ethiopia, is the oldest and most complete early Middle Pleistocene hominid skull from Africa. "Virtual endocast" models created by three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) techniques indicate an endocranial capacity of about 1,250 cc for this cranium (with a reasonable range between approximately 1,200-1,325 cc, depending on how missing portions of the basicranial region are reconstructed). From these det…
Early hominid brain evolution
External Geometry of Mladeč Neurocrania Compared with Anatomically Modern Humans and Neandertals
The feeding biomechanics and dietary ecology of Australopithecus africanus
The African Plio-Pleistocene hominins known as australopiths evolved a distinctive craniofacial morphology that traditionally has been viewed as a dietary adaptation for feeding on either small, hard objects or on large volumes of food. A historically influential interpretation of this morphology hypothesizes that loads applied to the premolars during feeding had a profound influence on the evolution of australopith craniofacial form. Here, we te…
Early modern human diversity suggests subdivided population structure and a complex out-of-Africa scenario
The interpretation of genetic evidence regarding modern human origins depends, among other things, on assessments of the structure and the variation of ancient populations. Because we lack genetic data from the time when the first anatomically modern humans appeared, between 200,000 and 60,000 years ago, instead we exploit the phenotype of neurocranial geometry to compare the variation in early modern human fossils with that in other groups of fo…
Principles for the virtual reconstruction of hominin crania
Effects of brain and facial size on basicranial form in human and primate evolution
Views into the future
Back to the real world
Virtual Anthropology
Missing data
Looking inside
Using numbers
Collaborate at the speed of light
Mapping the physical world
Sexual dimorphism of the human mandible and its association with dental development
The present study investigates whether the human mandible is sexually dimorphic during early postnatal development and whether early dimorphic features persist during subsequent ontogeny. We also examine whether mandibular dimorphism is linked to dimorphism of dental development. Dense CT‐derived mandibular meshes of 84 females and 75 males, ranging from birth to adulthood, were analyzed using geometric morphometric methods. On the basis of the s…
Comparison of dental measurement systems for taxonomic assignment of Neanderthal and modern human lower second deciduous molars
Virtual Anthropology
A new OH5 reconstruction with an assessment of its uncertainty
A reassessment of the Neanderthal teeth from Taddeo cave (southern Italy)
Technical note
Procrustes‐based geometric morphometrics (GM) is most often applied to problems of craniofacial shape variation. Here, we demonstrate a novel application of GM to the analysis of whole postcranial elements in a study of 77 hominoid tibiae. We focus on two novel methodological improvements to standard GM approaches: 1) landmark configurations of tibiae including 15 epiphyseal landmarks and 483 semilandmarks along articular surfaces and muscle inse…
Cervical and crown outline analysis of worn Neanderthal and modern human lower second deciduous molars
Despite the general increase in digital techniques for dental morphometric analyses, only a few methods are available to study worn teeth. Moreover, permanent dentitions are studied much more frequently than deciduous teeth. In this study, we address both issues by providing a taxonomic classification of Neanderthal and modern human (MH) lower second deciduous molars (dm 2 s) through the analysis of crown and cervical outlines. Crown and cervical…
Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (31 obras) · Biology (29 obras) · Geography (23 obras) · Archaeology (21 obras) · Evolutionary biology (19 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (19 obras) · Evolution and Paleontology Studies (16 obras) · Paleontology (16 obras) · Medicine (15 obras) · Paleontology (15 obras)