James Alan Neff
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 80810 |
|---|---|
| NOME | James Alan Neff |
| PRENOMES | James Alan |
| SOBRENOME | Neff |
| ASSINATURA | NEFF J A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 109 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1978 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2014 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Effectiveness of a Screening and Brief Intervention protocol for heavy drinkers in dental practice
Results of a cluster-randomized trial of a Screening and Brief Intervention for heavy drinkers in dental practice are reported. Data were obtained from 103 heavy drinking patients recruited from randomized intervention (7; n = 50) and control (6; n = 53) practices. Analysis of data revealed that 6-month decreases in total drinks per week were significantly ( p < .05) greater for heavy drinking intervention (43%) than control patients (21%)—a 4 dr…
A brief motivational intervention for heavy alcohol use in dental practice settings
Although brief alcohol interventions have proven effective in a variety of health care settings, the present article describes the development of the first brief intervention for heavy drinkers in dental practice. Elements of motivational interviewing and personalized normative feedback were incorporated in a 3- to 5-minute intervention delivered by dental hygienists. The intervention is guided by a one-page feedback report providing personalized…
A New Multidimensional Measure of Spirituality-Religiosity for Use in Diverse Substance Abuse Treatment Populations
Extant measures of spirituality-religiosity, not developed specifically with substance abuse treatment populations in mind, may not be culturally appropriate in regard to either: (1) the 12-step 'culture' found in many treatment programs; or (2) racial-ethnic minority populations overrepresented in publicly funded programs. A 40-item four-dimensional measure was developed, which differentiates 'religiosity' (religious practices) from 'spiritualit…
Exploring the Dimensionality of 'Religiosity' and 'Spirituality' in the Fetzer Multidimensional Measure
Reliable and valid measures of religiosity and spiritual dimensions appropriate for ethnically diverse groups are needed. I examine the factor structure of the relatively new Fetzer multidimensional measure (Fetzer Institute 1999). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) of national data collected in the 1998 General Social Survey are conducted to (1) test the fit of the proposed dimensionality of the Fetzer measure, specifically comparing the Fetzer …
Spiritual Mechanisms Underlying Substance Abuse Behavior Change in Faith-Based Substance Abuse Treatment
Despite increasing interest in “faith-based” substance abuse treatment and HIV risk reduction interventions, there is little systematic evidence of the efficacy of explicitly spiritual interventions. However, fundamental to effective interventions is an explicit conceptualization of mechanisms underlying behavior change. This paper discusses the definition of faith-based organizations, specifically as they relate to substance abuse treatment prog…
A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of a Measure of “Machismo” among Anglo, African American, and Mexican American Male Drinkers
This article presents the results of a confirmatory factor analysis expanding and enhancing a previously developed measure of “machismo” both to explore the dimensionality of the measure and to test the invariance of factor structure in a sample of Anglo, African American, and Mexican American adult male drinkers. Specifically, this article (a) describes the development of a multidimensional 13-item machismo measure, (b) tests the goodness of fit…
HIV/Aids mental health training for health care providers
Three models of continuing education--full-day, half-day, and brief workshop--for health providers treating patients with HIV/AIDS were compared on measures of effectiveness with regard to knowledge, attitude, and practice outcomes. Analyses of pre- and postintervention data from two years of training events suggest consistent, modest, program effects in the full-day and half-day approaches, specifically in the area of knowledge enhancement
Marital Status Transition, Alcohol Consumption, and Number of sex Partners Over Time in a Tri-Ethnic Sample
Longitudinal data from two waves of interviews with a tri-ethnic (Anglo, African American, and Mexican American) community sample of 892 regular drinkers are presented to replicate and extend cross-sectional research indicating increased numbers of reported sexual partners among the divorced, separated, and never married, relative to the continuously married. Analyses address whether observed marital transition differences in number of sex partne…
The health belief model and HIV risk behaviours
A causal model of the Health Belief Model (HBM) is empirically evaluated which emphasizes possible indirect paths linking distal demographic and seriousness/susceptibility variables to HIV risk behaviours among Anglo, African-American, and Mexican-American adults. A specific focus of the paper is upon alcohol-related expectancies (anticipation of disinhibitory effects of alcohol upon sexual behavior) as a 'barrier' to preventive behaviours. Ethni…
Age and Maturing Out of Heavy Drinking among Anglo and Minority Male Drinkers
Data from a random sample of 164 Anglo, 168 African American, and 149 Mexican American male regular drinkers compare the use of cross-sectional data on current consumption patterns versus retrospective lifetime drinking history data in studying ethnic differences in "maturing out" of heavy drinking among male drinkers. Crosssectional analyses among males in their 20s, 30s, and 40s on current consumption indexes suggest that maturing out of heavy …
Spousal violence among Anglos, Blacks, and Mexican Americans
Marital Status and Depressive Symptoms
Marital status differences in depressive symptoms are examined in a random sample of 559 Anglos, 403 Blacks, and 822 Mexican American adults. Findings were generally consistent with a "crisis" model, with highest levels of depression observed among the separated, with lower distress levels among the divorced, although, marital differences remained significant after controls only among Anglo males. Differences were negligible among Blacks and Mexi…
Race/ethnicity, acculturation, and psychological distress
Data from a community sample of 1,784 Anglo, African-American, and Mexican-American adults were examined to assess: (1) the nature and magnitude of observed racial/ethnic and acculturation level differences in depression, (2) the relative contribution of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors (fatalism and religiosity) to observed differences, and (3) the joint effects of fatalism and religiosity as sociocultural resources with regard to depre…
Ethnic and Gender Differences in the Diagnostic Profiles of Substance Abusers
The aim of the study was to evaluate ethnic and gender differences in the diagnostic profiles of patients first admitted to the alcohol/drug rehabilitation unit of a state hospital. The majority of the patients (66%) had more than one diagnosis. African-American patients were significantly more likely to have a single diagnosis, however. In terms of primary diagnosis, Mexican Americans were more likely to have an alcoholrelated disorder while Afr…
Divorce Likelihood Among Anglos and Mexican Americans
In this paper, we examine ethnic differences in divorce likelihood for a sample of 900 divorce petitions filed in San Antonio, Texas, during 1985. The present study explores ethnic differences in the nature of the divorce process and examines the extent to which observed ethnic differences in divorce likelihood are accounted for by differences between groups in dimensions such as socioeconomic status, marital history, and nature of complaints. Di…
Urbanicity, race, and psychological distress
Data from random samples of 645 rural White respondents, 398 rural Black respondents, and 700 urban residents of Nashville, Tennessee (375 White, 326 Black participants), are presented that address urbanicity and race differences in depressive symptoms, psychophysiologic symptoms, and general well-being. After demographic controls, significant urban-rural differences were found only on depressive symptoms, with greater distress in rural areas. Bl…
Acculturation and Alcohol Use
Data are presented on drinking patterns and alcohol-related problems among 164 Anglo and 149 Mexican American male regular drinkers. The paper examines the role of acculturation with regard to alcohol use by categorizing Mexican American respondents into three acculturation groups using a multi-item measure developed for this study. Data from a random sample of males drinking at least 2-3 times a month, aged 20-50, showed that, even after socio-d…
Psychiatry and medicine in the US
An integrated model of change in knowledge, highlighting the role of technologic and organisational paradigms and the activities of professional and extra-professional groups, is used to clarify the historical development of psychiatry and to account for current specialty choice trends. American psychiatry and medicine stem from disparate scientific/philosophical roots. A review of events leading to the establishment of psychiatry as a medical sp…
Lay images of mental illness
It is argued that demographic factors alone fail to account for public attitudes toward mental illness. Medical and moral lay images of mental illness provide a knowledge base from which tolerance arises. Path analysis of data obtained from 713 rural Tennessee adults indicated low tolerance among those endorsing either lay image. Demographic background variables exerted no direct effects upon tolerance-these effects were mediated by lay images. C…
Race and vulnerability to stress
In this article the possibility of race differences in vulnerability to stress is considered. Structural models linking socioeconomic status, age, and life-change events to psychological distress are fit to blacks' and whites' data, which were obtained in a community survey of 829 Florida residents to evaluate differences in vulnerability. Life-change-distress paths were slightly larger among blacks than among whites, though not significantly so.…
Stress-Buffer Properties of Alcohol Consumption
James Alan Neff, Baqar A. Husaini, Stress-Buffer Properties of Alcohol Consumption: The Role of Urbanicity and Religious Identification, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Sep., 1985), pp. 207-222
Race differences in psychological distress
Studies of race differences in psychological distress show that controls for demographic variables typically attenuate or reverse race differences. Variability in findings is interpreted in terms of the urbanicity of the population studied, the distress dimension considered, and measurement focus upon "presence" or "persistence" of symptoms. Data from 826 Florida residents indicated that race differences in urban and rural samples were generally …
The stress-buffering role of social support and personal competence among the rural married
This study examines the possible stress-buffering properties of personal competence and social support with regard to depressive symptoms. The hypothesis examined was that individuals lacking both internal and external resources would manifest higher levels of symptoms as a result of increasing number of life events than would individuals possessing such resources. Further, variation by gender was considered. Data on depressive symptoms (CES-D Sc…
Who's to Blame for Limited Health Care Use by the Poor
Psychiatric and medical problems in rural communities
Spousal violence among Anglos, Blacks, and Mexican Americans
Acculturation and Alcohol Use
Data are presented on drinking patterns and alcohol-related problems among 164 Anglo and 149 Mexican American male regular drinkers. The paper examines the role of acculturation with regard to alcohol use by categorizing Mexican American respondents into three acculturation groups using a multi-item measure developed for this study. Data from a random sample of males drinking at least 2-3 times a month, aged 20-50, showed that, even after socio-d…
Race differences in psychological distress
Studies of race differences in psychological distress show that controls for demographic variables typically attenuate or reverse race differences. Variability in findings is interpreted in terms of the urbanicity of the population studied, the distress dimension considered, and measurement focus upon "presence" or "persistence" of symptoms. Data from 826 Florida residents indicated that race differences in urban and rural samples were generally …
Exploring the Dimensionality of 'Religiosity' and 'Spirituality' in the Fetzer Multidimensional Measure
Reliable and valid measures of religiosity and spiritual dimensions appropriate for ethnically diverse groups are needed. I examine the factor structure of the relatively new Fetzer multidimensional measure (Fetzer Institute 1999). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) of national data collected in the 1998 General Social Survey are conducted to (1) test the fit of the proposed dimensionality of the Fetzer measure, specifically comparing the Fetzer …
A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of a Measure of “Machismo” among Anglo, African American, and Mexican American Male Drinkers
This article presents the results of a confirmatory factor analysis expanding and enhancing a previously developed measure of “machismo” both to explore the dimensionality of the measure and to test the invariance of factor structure in a sample of Anglo, African American, and Mexican American adult male drinkers. Specifically, this article (a) describes the development of a multidimensional 13-item machismo measure, (b) tests the goodness of fit…
The health belief model and HIV risk behaviours
A causal model of the Health Belief Model (HBM) is empirically evaluated which emphasizes possible indirect paths linking distal demographic and seriousness/susceptibility variables to HIV risk behaviours among Anglo, African-American, and Mexican-American adults. A specific focus of the paper is upon alcohol-related expectancies (anticipation of disinhibitory effects of alcohol upon sexual behavior) as a 'barrier' to preventive behaviours. Ethni…
Race and vulnerability to stress
In this article the possibility of race differences in vulnerability to stress is considered. Structural models linking socioeconomic status, age, and life-change events to psychological distress are fit to blacks' and whites' data, which were obtained in a community survey of 829 Florida residents to evaluate differences in vulnerability. Life-change-distress paths were slightly larger among blacks than among whites, though not significantly so.…
A brief motivational intervention for heavy alcohol use in dental practice settings
Although brief alcohol interventions have proven effective in a variety of health care settings, the present article describes the development of the first brief intervention for heavy drinkers in dental practice. Elements of motivational interviewing and personalized normative feedback were incorporated in a 3- to 5-minute intervention delivered by dental hygienists. The intervention is guided by a one-page feedback report providing personalized…
Stress-Buffer Properties of Alcohol Consumption
James Alan Neff, Baqar A. Husaini, Stress-Buffer Properties of Alcohol Consumption: The Role of Urbanicity and Religious Identification, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Sep., 1985), pp. 207-222
Effectiveness of a Screening and Brief Intervention protocol for heavy drinkers in dental practice
Results of a cluster-randomized trial of a Screening and Brief Intervention for heavy drinkers in dental practice are reported. Data were obtained from 103 heavy drinking patients recruited from randomized intervention (7; n = 50) and control (6; n = 53) practices. Analysis of data revealed that 6-month decreases in total drinks per week were significantly ( p < .05) greater for heavy drinking intervention (43%) than control patients (21%)—a 4 dr…
A New Multidimensional Measure of Spirituality-Religiosity for Use in Diverse Substance Abuse Treatment Populations
Extant measures of spirituality-religiosity, not developed specifically with substance abuse treatment populations in mind, may not be culturally appropriate in regard to either: (1) the 12-step 'culture' found in many treatment programs; or (2) racial-ethnic minority populations overrepresented in publicly funded programs. A 40-item four-dimensional measure was developed, which differentiates 'religiosity' (religious practices) from 'spiritualit…
Psychiatry and medicine in the US
An integrated model of change in knowledge, highlighting the role of technologic and organisational paradigms and the activities of professional and extra-professional groups, is used to clarify the historical development of psychiatry and to account for current specialty choice trends. American psychiatry and medicine stem from disparate scientific/philosophical roots. A review of events leading to the establishment of psychiatry as a medical sp…
Deviance and Definitional Processes
The failure of the labeling perspective to account for informal reaction processes is noted. Viewing informal labeling in terms of emergence and the documentary method, definitional processes are divided into two categories: (1) intra-situational definitions concerning the practical problems of negotiating an inter-actional encounter, and (2) trans-situational definitions in which the actor is evaluated in terms of cultural knowledge and prior ex…
Experimental Research As Practical Action
A discussion of experimental research as practical action applies the ethnomethodological critique to research in experimental social psychology. While research on demand characteristics may meet some of the ethnomethodological criticisms, it may not provide a set of exemplars around which the practical activity of experimentation can be organized. 'Stooge detection' is a practical problem often faced by experimenters. My data suggest that stooge…
Deviance and Definitional Processes
The failure of the labeling perspective to account for informal reaction processes is noted. Viewing informal labeling in terms of emergence and the documentary method, definitional processes are divided into two categories: (1) intra-situational definitions concerning the practical problems of negotiating an inter-actional encounter, and (2) trans-situational definitions in which the actor is evaluated in terms of cultural knowledge and prior ex…
Psychiatric impairment in rural communities
This household survey of 713 adults residing in nine rural Middle Tennessee counties was conducted to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric impairment in the rural population, to determine which groups in the population are characterized by higher levels of impairment, and to assess the validity of three indices of psychiatric impairment (HOS, CES-D, and GWB). The data indicate that approximately 12% of the rural population may be impaired and t…
Psychiatric and medical problems in rural communities
Psychiatric and medical problems in rural communities
Race, socioeconomic status, and psychiatric impairment
The relationship between race and psychiatric impairment was examined with regard to three measures of psychiatric status. Data on the Health Opinion Survey, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, and the General Well-Being Schedule collected on a rural Tennessee sample (n = 713) indicated a significant zero-order relationship between race and impairment only for the depression index. No race differences were obtained when control…
Depression in rural communities
This study of 200 adults receiving outpatient services in rural Middle Tennessee was conducted to provide data on the validity of the CES-D as a measure of depressive symptomatology. Specifically, the study sought to determine the CES-D's ability to discriminate between outpatients and a sample of community residents, between patient groups reflecting different diagnostic classifications and levels of problem severity, and based upon such compari…
The stress-buffering role of social support and personal competence among the rural married
This study examines the possible stress-buffering properties of personal competence and social support with regard to depressive symptoms. The hypothesis examined was that individuals lacking both internal and external resources would manifest higher levels of symptoms as a result of increasing number of life events than would individuals possessing such resources. Further, variation by gender was considered. Data on depressive symptoms (CES-D Sc…
Who's to Blame for Limited Health Care Use by the Poor
Race differences in psychological distress
Studies of race differences in psychological distress show that controls for demographic variables typically attenuate or reverse race differences. Variability in findings is interpreted in terms of the urbanicity of the population studied, the distress dimension considered, and measurement focus upon "presence" or "persistence" of symptoms. Data from 826 Florida residents indicated that race differences in urban and rural samples were generally …
Lay images of mental illness
It is argued that demographic factors alone fail to account for public attitudes toward mental illness. Medical and moral lay images of mental illness provide a knowledge base from which tolerance arises. Path analysis of data obtained from 713 rural Tennessee adults indicated low tolerance among those endorsing either lay image. Demographic background variables exerted no direct effects upon tolerance-these effects were mediated by lay images. C…
Race and vulnerability to stress
In this article the possibility of race differences in vulnerability to stress is considered. Structural models linking socioeconomic status, age, and life-change events to psychological distress are fit to blacks' and whites' data, which were obtained in a community survey of 829 Florida residents to evaluate differences in vulnerability. Life-change-distress paths were slightly larger among blacks than among whites, though not significantly so.…
Stress-Buffer Properties of Alcohol Consumption
James Alan Neff, Baqar A. Husaini, Stress-Buffer Properties of Alcohol Consumption: The Role of Urbanicity and Religious Identification, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Sep., 1985), pp. 207-222
Urbanicity, race, and psychological distress
Data from random samples of 645 rural White respondents, 398 rural Black respondents, and 700 urban residents of Nashville, Tennessee (375 White, 326 Black participants), are presented that address urbanicity and race differences in depressive symptoms, psychophysiologic symptoms, and general well-being. After demographic controls, significant urban-rural differences were found only on depressive symptoms, with greater distress in rural areas. Bl…
Acculturation and Alcohol Use
Data are presented on drinking patterns and alcohol-related problems among 164 Anglo and 149 Mexican American male regular drinkers. The paper examines the role of acculturation with regard to alcohol use by categorizing Mexican American respondents into three acculturation groups using a multi-item measure developed for this study. Data from a random sample of males drinking at least 2-3 times a month, aged 20-50, showed that, even after socio-d…
Psychiatry and medicine in the US
An integrated model of change in knowledge, highlighting the role of technologic and organisational paradigms and the activities of professional and extra-professional groups, is used to clarify the historical development of psychiatry and to account for current specialty choice trends. American psychiatry and medicine stem from disparate scientific/philosophical roots. A review of events leading to the establishment of psychiatry as a medical sp…
Divorce Likelihood Among Anglos and Mexican Americans
In this paper, we examine ethnic differences in divorce likelihood for a sample of 900 divorce petitions filed in San Antonio, Texas, during 1985. The present study explores ethnic differences in the nature of the divorce process and examines the extent to which observed ethnic differences in divorce likelihood are accounted for by differences between groups in dimensions such as socioeconomic status, marital history, and nature of complaints. Di…
Race/ethnicity, acculturation, and psychological distress
Data from a community sample of 1,784 Anglo, African-American, and Mexican-American adults were examined to assess: (1) the nature and magnitude of observed racial/ethnic and acculturation level differences in depression, (2) the relative contribution of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors (fatalism and religiosity) to observed differences, and (3) the joint effects of fatalism and religiosity as sociocultural resources with regard to depre…
Ethnic and Gender Differences in the Diagnostic Profiles of Substance Abusers
The aim of the study was to evaluate ethnic and gender differences in the diagnostic profiles of patients first admitted to the alcohol/drug rehabilitation unit of a state hospital. The majority of the patients (66%) had more than one diagnosis. African-American patients were significantly more likely to have a single diagnosis, however. In terms of primary diagnosis, Mexican Americans were more likely to have an alcoholrelated disorder while Afr…
Marital Status and Depressive Symptoms
Marital status differences in depressive symptoms are examined in a random sample of 559 Anglos, 403 Blacks, and 822 Mexican American adults. Findings were generally consistent with a "crisis" model, with highest levels of depression observed among the separated, with lower distress levels among the divorced, although, marital differences remained significant after controls only among Anglo males. Differences were negligible among Blacks and Mexi…
Spousal violence among Anglos, Blacks, and Mexican Americans
Marital Status Transition, Alcohol Consumption, and Number of sex Partners Over Time in a Tri-Ethnic Sample
Longitudinal data from two waves of interviews with a tri-ethnic (Anglo, African American, and Mexican American) community sample of 892 regular drinkers are presented to replicate and extend cross-sectional research indicating increased numbers of reported sexual partners among the divorced, separated, and never married, relative to the continuously married. Analyses address whether observed marital transition differences in number of sex partne…
The health belief model and HIV risk behaviours
A causal model of the Health Belief Model (HBM) is empirically evaluated which emphasizes possible indirect paths linking distal demographic and seriousness/susceptibility variables to HIV risk behaviours among Anglo, African-American, and Mexican-American adults. A specific focus of the paper is upon alcohol-related expectancies (anticipation of disinhibitory effects of alcohol upon sexual behavior) as a 'barrier' to preventive behaviours. Ethni…
Age and Maturing Out of Heavy Drinking among Anglo and Minority Male Drinkers
Data from a random sample of 164 Anglo, 168 African American, and 149 Mexican American male regular drinkers compare the use of cross-sectional data on current consumption patterns versus retrospective lifetime drinking history data in studying ethnic differences in "maturing out" of heavy drinking among male drinkers. Crosssectional analyses among males in their 20s, 30s, and 40s on current consumption indexes suggest that maturing out of heavy …
HIV/Aids mental health training for health care providers
Three models of continuing education--full-day, half-day, and brief workshop--for health providers treating patients with HIV/AIDS were compared on measures of effectiveness with regard to knowledge, attitude, and practice outcomes. Analyses of pre- and postintervention data from two years of training events suggest consistent, modest, program effects in the full-day and half-day approaches, specifically in the area of knowledge enhancement
Psychology (29 obras) · Medicine (19 obras) · Psychiatry (17 obras) · Sociology (15 obras) · Demography (14 obras) · Clinical Psychology (13 obras) · Social Psychology (13 obras) · Ethnic group (11 obras) · Environmental health (9 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (8 obras)