Ole-Jørgen Skog
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 82693 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ole-Jørgen Skog |
| PRENOMES | Ole-Jørgen |
| SOBRENOME | Skog |
| ASSINATURA | SKOG O |
| AFILIAÇÕES | National Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research, Oslo |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 12 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 18 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 11 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2012 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Getting Hooked
The Historical Roots of Ledermann's Theory of the Distribution of Alcohol Consumption
Ledermann's theory of the distribution of alcohol consumption in populations, which was published in 1956, is reviewed and discussed. The theory is based on some rather peculiar hypotheses, and an attempt is made to make sense of these hypotheses in light of Ledermann's research prior to 1956. The central question posed in this paper is what made Ledermann believe that strong regularities were to be expected. Furthermore, Ledermann's empirical da…
Studying Cultural Change
Was the decline in alcohol consumption, experienced in many countries during the nineteenth century, related to growth of the coffee culture? This question is approached first through a simple content analysis of qualitative data obtained from an empirical sociological study of inebriety in Norway in the 1850s by Norway's first sociologist, Eilert Sundt [1859], then by a time-series analysis of quantitative data on coffee and alcoholic beverages …
Avhengighet som motivasjonskonflikt
Getting Hooked
The essays in this volume offer a thorough discussion of the relationship between addiction and rationality. This book-length treatment of the subject includes contributions from philosophers, psychiatrists, neurobiologists, sociologists and economists. Contrary to the widespread view that addicts are subject to overpowering and compulsive urges, the authors in this volume demonstrate that addicts are capable of making choices and responding to i…
The Strength of Weak Will
The standard theory of discounting in rational choice theory does not permit weakness of will. Nor does it allow people to use precommitment strategies or private side-bets. It is also doubtful that the standard theory allows endogenous time preferences and other types of character planning. Moreover, although Becker and Murphy have demonstrated that the standard theory can accommodate the addict's inability to abstain, the theory is hard pressed…
"Volonté Generale" and the Instability of Spatial Voting Games
The theory of spatial voting games suggests that majority winners are extremely rare phenomena, and hence that there may be no such thing as a "volonté generale." It is argued in this article that the theory is founded on an empirically unrealistic assumption. This assumption is relaxed and an empirically meaningful criterion for stability is derived
The Voting Paradox in Socially Integrated Populations
The paper addresses the problem of aggregating individual choices between three discrete alternatives, and discusses how the likelihood of cyclical aggregate preferences under majority rule depends on social integration in large populations. It is argued that the so- called impartial culture condition gives rather limited information as to the likelihood of the paradox occurring, and an alternative model is outlined. Social structure is introduce…
Alcohol and the 1950-90 Hungarian Suicide Trend - Is There a Causal Connection
Hungary has experienced a dramatic increase in suicide rates since World War II. In this paper, the trend is analysed in relation to changes in per capita alcohol consumption. It is demonstrated that the two trends are almost perfectly correlated. Time series analysis of filtered (de-trended) data uncovers a significant relationship at lag one year. Thus, changes in alcohol consumption tend to be followed by similar changes in suicide rates the f…
Alcohol and Suicide - Durkheim Revisited
The paper reviews Durkheim's theory of suicide, with particular reference to his treat ment of alcohol as a causal factor. It is argued that Durkheim views alcohol as an individual-level factor, rather than as a socio-cultural factor on a par with other social facts This conception is criticized, as is Durkheim's analysis of his data It is argued that the rate of alcohol abuse in society is a social fact that has an explanatory power beyond the l…
The long waves of alcohol consumption
A Reply to Duffy
Duffy ( 1 ) argues that a mathematical distribution model, like the lognormal, can only be a first approximation to empirical distributions of self-reported alcohol consumption, since such distribution not perfectly satisfy this mathematical relation. This is, of course, correct, but the point is trivial. To my knowledge, no modern students of distribution phenomena have believed that mathematical models of social phenomena can be anything but ap…
Distribution of Self-Reported Alcohol Consumption
The method used by Gregson and Stacey for estimating individual drinking levels is shown to be strongly biased and unreliable. Their correction for underreporting is based on several unrealistic assumptions
Alcohol and Suicide - Durkheim Revisited
The paper reviews Durkheim's theory of suicide, with particular reference to his treat ment of alcohol as a causal factor. It is argued that Durkheim views alcohol as an individual-level factor, rather than as a socio-cultural factor on a par with other social facts This conception is criticized, as is Durkheim's analysis of his data It is argued that the rate of alcohol abuse in society is a social fact that has an explanatory power beyond the l…
The Strength of Weak Will
The standard theory of discounting in rational choice theory does not permit weakness of will. Nor does it allow people to use precommitment strategies or private side-bets. It is also doubtful that the standard theory allows endogenous time preferences and other types of character planning. Moreover, although Becker and Murphy have demonstrated that the standard theory can accommodate the addict's inability to abstain, the theory is hard pressed…
The Voting Paradox in Socially Integrated Populations
The paper addresses the problem of aggregating individual choices between three discrete alternatives, and discusses how the likelihood of cyclical aggregate preferences under majority rule depends on social integration in large populations. It is argued that the so- called impartial culture condition gives rather limited information as to the likelihood of the paradox occurring, and an alternative model is outlined. Social structure is introduce…
Alcohol and the 1950-90 Hungarian Suicide Trend - Is There a Causal Connection
Hungary has experienced a dramatic increase in suicide rates since World War II. In this paper, the trend is analysed in relation to changes in per capita alcohol consumption. It is demonstrated that the two trends are almost perfectly correlated. Time series analysis of filtered (de-trended) data uncovers a significant relationship at lag one year. Thus, changes in alcohol consumption tend to be followed by similar changes in suicide rates the f…
The Historical Roots of Ledermann's Theory of the Distribution of Alcohol Consumption
Ledermann's theory of the distribution of alcohol consumption in populations, which was published in 1956, is reviewed and discussed. The theory is based on some rather peculiar hypotheses, and an attempt is made to make sense of these hypotheses in light of Ledermann's research prior to 1956. The central question posed in this paper is what made Ledermann believe that strong regularities were to be expected. Furthermore, Ledermann's empirical da…
"Volonté Generale" and the Instability of Spatial Voting Games
The theory of spatial voting games suggests that majority winners are extremely rare phenomena, and hence that there may be no such thing as a "volonté generale." It is argued in this article that the theory is founded on an empirically unrealistic assumption. This assumption is relaxed and an empirically meaningful criterion for stability is derived
Distribution of Self-Reported Alcohol Consumption
The method used by Gregson and Stacey for estimating individual drinking levels is shown to be strongly biased and unreliable. Their correction for underreporting is based on several unrealistic assumptions
A Reply to Duffy
Duffy ( 1 ) argues that a mathematical distribution model, like the lognormal, can only be a first approximation to empirical distributions of self-reported alcohol consumption, since such distribution not perfectly satisfy this mathematical relation. This is, of course, correct, but the point is trivial. To my knowledge, no modern students of distribution phenomena have believed that mathematical models of social phenomena can be anything but ap…
The long waves of alcohol consumption
Alcohol and Suicide - Durkheim Revisited
The paper reviews Durkheim's theory of suicide, with particular reference to his treat ment of alcohol as a causal factor. It is argued that Durkheim views alcohol as an individual-level factor, rather than as a socio-cultural factor on a par with other social facts This conception is criticized, as is Durkheim's analysis of his data It is argued that the rate of alcohol abuse in society is a social fact that has an explanatory power beyond the l…
The Voting Paradox in Socially Integrated Populations
The paper addresses the problem of aggregating individual choices between three discrete alternatives, and discusses how the likelihood of cyclical aggregate preferences under majority rule depends on social integration in large populations. It is argued that the so- called impartial culture condition gives rather limited information as to the likelihood of the paradox occurring, and an alternative model is outlined. Social structure is introduce…
Alcohol and the 1950-90 Hungarian Suicide Trend - Is There a Causal Connection
Hungary has experienced a dramatic increase in suicide rates since World War II. In this paper, the trend is analysed in relation to changes in per capita alcohol consumption. It is demonstrated that the two trends are almost perfectly correlated. Time series analysis of filtered (de-trended) data uncovers a significant relationship at lag one year. Thus, changes in alcohol consumption tend to be followed by similar changes in suicide rates the f…
"Volonté Generale" and the Instability of Spatial Voting Games
The theory of spatial voting games suggests that majority winners are extremely rare phenomena, and hence that there may be no such thing as a "volonté generale." It is argued in this article that the theory is founded on an empirically unrealistic assumption. This assumption is relaxed and an empirically meaningful criterion for stability is derived
The Strength of Weak Will
The standard theory of discounting in rational choice theory does not permit weakness of will. Nor does it allow people to use precommitment strategies or private side-bets. It is also doubtful that the standard theory allows endogenous time preferences and other types of character planning. Moreover, although Becker and Murphy have demonstrated that the standard theory can accommodate the addict's inability to abstain, the theory is hard pressed…
Getting Hooked
The essays in this volume offer a thorough discussion of the relationship between addiction and rationality. This book-length treatment of the subject includes contributions from philosophers, psychiatrists, neurobiologists, sociologists and economists. Contrary to the widespread view that addicts are subject to overpowering and compulsive urges, the authors in this volume demonstrate that addicts are capable of making choices and responding to i…
Avhengighet som motivasjonskonflikt
The Historical Roots of Ledermann's Theory of the Distribution of Alcohol Consumption
Ledermann's theory of the distribution of alcohol consumption in populations, which was published in 1956, is reviewed and discussed. The theory is based on some rather peculiar hypotheses, and an attempt is made to make sense of these hypotheses in light of Ledermann's research prior to 1956. The central question posed in this paper is what made Ledermann believe that strong regularities were to be expected. Furthermore, Ledermann's empirical da…
Studying Cultural Change
Was the decline in alcohol consumption, experienced in many countries during the nineteenth century, related to growth of the coffee culture? This question is approached first through a simple content analysis of qualitative data obtained from an empirical sociological study of inebriety in Norway in the 1850s by Norway's first sociologist, Eilert Sundt [1859], then by a time-series analysis of quantitative data on coffee and alcoholic beverages …
Getting Hooked
Economics (8 obras) · Psychology (7 obras) · Sociology (7 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras) · Econometrics (5 obras) · Epistemology (5 obras) · Medicine (5 obras) · Philosophy (5 obras) · Alcohol (4 obras) · Alcohol consumption (4 obras)