Mirjam Theresia Constantia Ernestus
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 837429 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Mirjam Theresia Constantia Ernestus |
| PRENOMES | Mirjam Theresia Constantia |
| SOBRENOME | Ernestus |
| ASSINATURA | ERNESTUS M T C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Radboud University Nijmegen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1853-0750 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 35 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 135 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 35 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1997 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
A new kid on the block
GAMs reveal new insights into tonal realization in conversational Mandarin. • The detailed tonal realization of monosyllabic words is co-determined by semantics. • Several heterographic homophones have systematically distinct F0 contours. • Phonological tones play a minor role in spontaneous conversational speech. • Their effect is mostly constrained to pitch height except for T4. We present a corpus-based investigation of how the pitch contours …
A tipping point in word recognition? Investigating the relationship between root and form frequency across visual and auditory modalities
For various theories of human word recognition, the question of how the recognition of suffixed words is influenced by the morphological root or the surface form of the word is of considerable relevance. According to many theories (e.g., Baayen et al., 1997b), the morphological root predominantly guides the recognition process unless the word is of a (relatively) high frequency of occurrence. We tested this ‘tipping point’ hypothesis by comparing…
Phonological processing and the L2 mental lexicon
Twenty-five years ago, the publication of an article by Pallier, Colomé, and Sebastián-Gallés (2001) launched a new and rapidly evolving research program on how second language (L2) learners represent the phonological forms of words in their mental lexicons. Many insights are starting to form an overall picture of the unique difficulties for establishing functional and precise phonolexical representations in L2; however, for the field to move for…
Rhythm-affected plural variation in written Dutch
Previous research has shown that users of certain languages tend to choose and order their words such that they avoid stress clashes. This tendency has been attributed to the Principle of Rhythmic Alternation (PRA). It has also been claimed that language users alternate between morphological structures to abide by the PRA. However, in our estimation, it has not yet been convincingly shown that PRA effects documented for morphology are indeed morp…
Non-Native Listeners' Use of Information in Parsing Ambiguous Casual Speech
During conversation, speakers produce reduced speech, and this can create homophones: 'we were' and 'we're' can both be realized as [ɚ], and 'he was' and 'he's' can be realized as [ɨz]. We investigate the types of information non-native listeners (Dutch L1-English L2) use to perceive the tense of such verbs, making comparisons with previous results from native listeners. The Dutch listeners were almost as successful as natives (average percentage…
Silent morphological information in a word's spelling also affects natural reading behavior
Previous research suggests that, when performing experimental tasks, readers rely on the morphological information incorporated in a word's spelling even if this information is not reflected in the word's pronunciation. We investigated whether readers do so as well when they read text for comprehension under more natural conditions, that is, when participants read tweets, which were not composed for experimentation, and when they can read and ski…
Second language learners acquire reduced word forms just like they acquire full forms
We investigated the effect of auditory exposure on the recognition of full ( i.e. , canonical) and reduced ( i.e. , with weakened or deleted sounds) word forms by beginner second language (L2) learners. We taught three participant groups the same French schwa words. One group was trained only on the full ( i.e. , with schwa) forms, one group on the reduced forms ( i.e. , without schwa) only, and one group on both the full and reduced forms of eac…
Acoustic characteristics of non-native Lombard speech in the DELNN corpus
Lombard speech, speech produced in noise, has been extensively studied in native speakers, while non-native Lombard speech research is limited. This article presents the first corpus of non-native Lombard speech, the Dutch English Lombard Native Non-Native corpus, which includes plain and Lombard read speech from native American-English, non-native English (native Dutch), and native Dutch women. The location of contrastive focus is systematically…
How explicit instruction improves phonological awareness and perception of L2 sound contrasts in younger and older adults
Despite the importance of conscious awareness in second language acquisition theories, little is known about how L2 speech perception can be improved by explicit phonetic instruction. This study examined the relationship between phonological awareness and perception in Dutch younger and older adult L2 listeners, focusing on English contrasts of two types: a familiar contrast in an unfamiliar position (word-final /t/-/d/) and an unfamiliar contras…
The use of exemplars differs between native and non-native listening
This study compares the role of exemplars in native and non-native listening. Two English identity priming experiments were conducted with native English, Dutch non-native, and Spanish non-native listeners. In Experiment 1, primes and targets were spoken in the same or a different voice. Only the native listeners showed exemplar effects. In Experiment 2, primes and targets had the same or a different degree of vowel reduction. The Dutch, but not …
Speech register influences listeners’ word expectations
We utilized the N400 effect to investigate the influence of speech register on predictive language processing. Participants listened to long stretches (4 - 15 min) of naturalistic speech from different registers (dialogues, news broadcasts, and read-aloud books), totalling approximately 50,000 words, while the EEG signal was recorded. We estimated the surprisal of words in the speech materials with the aid of a statistical language model in such …
The role of grammar in spelling homophonous regular verbs
Can a lack of grammatical knowledge alone be held accountable for the spelling errors that are made for homophonous verb forms and do these errors occur because spellers do not apply their grammatical knowledge? Three experiments with secondary school pupils were conducted on Dutch weak prefix verbs. The results confirmed that pupils made many spelling errors and also have great problems identifying the verb forms’ functions. Moreover, a direct c…
Do speech registers differ in the predictability of words
Previous research has demonstrated that language use can vary depending on the context of situation. The present paper extends this finding by comparing word predictability differences between 14 speech registers ranging from highly informal conversations to read-aloud books. We trained 14 statistical language models to compute register-specific word predictability and trained a register classifier on the perplexity score vector of the language m…
Phonetic effects of morphology and context
Recent research on the acoustic realization of affixes has revealed differences between phonologically homophonous affixes, e.g. the different kinds of final [s] and [z] in English (Plag, Homann & Kunter 2017, Zimmermann 2016a). Such results are unexpected and unaccounted for in widely accepted post-Bloomfieldian item-and-arrangement models (Hockett 1954), which separate lexical and post-lexical phonology, and in models which interpret phonetic e…
Communication strategy used by Spanish speakers of English in formal and informal speech
Research questions: Are emergent bilinguals sensitive to register variation in their use of communication strategies? What strategies do LX speakers, in casu Spanish speakers of English, use as a function of situational context? What role do individual differences play? Methodology: This within-speaker study compares Spanish second-language English speakers’ communication strategy use in an informal, peer-to-peer conversation and a formal intervi…
The Dutch verb-spelling paradox in social media
Although the Dutch verb spelling system seems very straightforward, many spelling errors are made, both by children and adults (e.g., Sandra, Frisson, & Daems 2004 ). These errors mainly occur with verbs with two or more homophonous forms in their inflectional paradigms. Ample experimental research has been carried out on this topic, but these studies hardly reflect everyday language behavior. In the current corpus study, we reassessed previously…
The role of segmental and durational cues in the processing of reduced words
In natural conversations, words are generally shorter and they often lack segments. It is unclear to what extent such durational and segmental reductions affect word recognition. The present study investigates to what extent reduction in the initial syllable hinders word comprehension, which types of segments listeners mostly rely on, and whether listeners use word duration as a cue in word recognition. We conducted three experiments in Dutch, in…
Phonetic alignment in English as a lingua franca
This study investigates the plasticity of phonological boundaries during discourse in a lingua franca. We tracked the production of 34 Spanish learners of English conversing with two Dutch confederates in English across two speech styles, focusing on incremental changes in two key English vowel contrasts with differential effects of cross-linguistic influence (/i/–/ɪ/ and /ε/–/æ/). Results indicate that Spaniards align with Dutch confederates, qu…
The direct and indirect effects of the phonotactic constraints in the listener’s native language on the comprehension of reduced and unreduced word pronunciation variants in a foreign language
The effect of speech situation on the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants
Acoustic reduction and the roles of abstractions and exemplars in speech processing
How linguistic and probabilistic properties of a word affect the realization of its final /t
Acoustic reduction in conversational Dutch
Vowel elision in casual French
Prosodic conditioning of phonetic detail in German plosives
Acoustic reduction and the roles of abstractions and exemplars in speech processing
Prosodic strengthening of German fricatives in duration and assimilatory devoicing
Predicting the Unpredictable
Among the most fascinating data for phonology are those showing how speakers incorporate new words and foreign words into their language system, since these data provide cues to the actual principles underlying language. In this article, we address how speakers deal with neutralized obstruents in new words. We formulate four hypotheses and test them on the basis of Dutch word-final obstruents, which are neutral for [voice]. Our experiments show t…
Listeners recover /t/s that speakers reduce
Phonetic effects of morphology and context
Recent research on the acoustic realization of affixes has revealed differences between phonologically homophonous affixes, e.g. the different kinds of final [s] and [z] in English (Plag, Homann & Kunter 2017, Zimmermann 2016a). Such results are unexpected and unaccounted for in widely accepted post-Bloomfieldian item-and-arrangement models (Hockett 1954), which separate lexical and post-lexical phonology, and in models which interpret phonetic e…
Acoustic reduction in conversational Dutch
Prosodic conditioning of phonetic detail in German plosives
How linguistic and probabilistic properties of a word affect the realization of its final /t
The effect of speech situation on the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants
The roles of bottom-up and top-down information in the recognition of reduced speech
The direct and indirect effects of the phonotactic constraints in the listener’s native language on the comprehension of reduced and unreduced word pronunciation variants in a foreign language
The role of segmental and durational cues in the processing of reduced words
In natural conversations, words are generally shorter and they often lack segments. It is unclear to what extent such durational and segmental reductions affect word recognition. The present study investigates to what extent reduction in the initial syllable hinders word comprehension, which types of segments listeners mostly rely on, and whether listeners use word duration as a cue in word recognition. We conducted three experiments in Dutch, in…
Phonetic alignment in English as a lingua franca
This study investigates the plasticity of phonological boundaries during discourse in a lingua franca. We tracked the production of 34 Spanish learners of English conversing with two Dutch confederates in English across two speech styles, focusing on incremental changes in two key English vowel contrasts with differential effects of cross-linguistic influence (/i/–/ɪ/ and /ε/–/æ/). Results indicate that Spaniards align with Dutch confederates, qu…
Vowel elision in casual French
Do speech registers differ in the predictability of words
Previous research has demonstrated that language use can vary depending on the context of situation. The present paper extends this finding by comparing word predictability differences between 14 speech registers ranging from highly informal conversations to read-aloud books. We trained 14 statistical language models to compute register-specific word predictability and trained a register classifier on the perplexity score vector of the language m…
The Voicedness of Intervocalic Word-Final Stops in Dutch
n Contains fulltext :\n 75099.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
Choosing between the Dutch past-tense suffixes - te and - de
Contains fulltext : 75100.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)
Predicting the Unpredictable
Among the most fascinating data for phonology are those showing how speakers incorporate new words and foreign words into their language system, since these data provide cues to the actual principles underlying language. In this article, we address how speakers deal with neutralized obstruents in new words. We formulate four hypotheses and test them on the basis of Dutch word-final obstruents, which are neutral for [voice]. Our experiments show t…
Analogical effects in regular past tense production in Dutch
This study addresses the question to what extent the production of regular past tense forms in Dutch is a¤ected by analogical processes. We report an experiment in which native speakers of Dutch listened to existing regular\nverbs over headphones, and had to indicate which of the past tense allomorphs, te or de, was appropriate for these verbs. According to generative analyses, the choice between the two su‰xes is completely regular and governed …
Statistically gradient generalizations for contrastive phonological features
In mainstream phonology, contrastive properties, like stem-final voicing, are simply listed in the lexicon. This article reviews experimental evidence that such contrastive properties may be predictable to some degree and that the relevant statistically gradient generalizations form an inherent part of the grammar. The evidence comes from the underlying voice specification of stem-final obstruents in Dutch. Contrary to received wisdom, this voice…
Listeners recover /t/s that speakers reduce
Prosodic strengthening of German fricatives in duration and assimilatory devoicing
Analogy, Frequency, and Sound Change. The Case of Dutch Devoicing
This study investigates the roles of phonetic analogy and lexical frequency in an ongoing sound change, the devoicing of fricatives in Dutch, which occurs mainly in the Netherlands and to a lesser degree in Flanders. In the experiment, Dutch and Flemish students read two variants of 98 words: the standard and a nonstandard form with the incorrect voice value of the fricative. Dutch students chose the non-standard forms with devoiced fricatives mo…
Word length and the location of primary word stress in Dutch, German, and English
This study addresses the extent to which the location of primary stress in Dutch, German, and English monomorphemic words is affected by the syllables preceding the three final syllables. We present analyses of the monomorphemic words in the CELEX lexical database, which showed that penultimate primary stress is less frequent in Dutch and English trisyllabic than quadrisyllabic words. In addition, we discuss paper-and-pencil experiments in which …
Acoustic reduction in conversational Dutch
Vowel elision in casual French
Prosodic conditioning of phonetic detail in German plosives
The roles of bottom-up and top-down information in the recognition of reduced speech
How linguistic and probabilistic properties of a word affect the realization of its final /t
Acoustic reduction and the roles of abstractions and exemplars in speech processing
The effect of speech situation on the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants
Phonetic alignment in English as a lingua franca
This study investigates the plasticity of phonological boundaries during discourse in a lingua franca. We tracked the production of 34 Spanish learners of English conversing with two Dutch confederates in English across two speech styles, focusing on incremental changes in two key English vowel contrasts with differential effects of cross-linguistic influence (/i/–/ɪ/ and /ε/–/æ/). Results indicate that Spaniards align with Dutch confederates, qu…
The direct and indirect effects of the phonotactic constraints in the listener’s native language on the comprehension of reduced and unreduced word pronunciation variants in a foreign language
Communication strategy used by Spanish speakers of English in formal and informal speech
Research questions: Are emergent bilinguals sensitive to register variation in their use of communication strategies? What strategies do LX speakers, in casu Spanish speakers of English, use as a function of situational context? What role do individual differences play? Methodology: This within-speaker study compares Spanish second-language English speakers’ communication strategy use in an informal, peer-to-peer conversation and a formal intervi…
The Dutch verb-spelling paradox in social media
Although the Dutch verb spelling system seems very straightforward, many spelling errors are made, both by children and adults (e.g., Sandra, Frisson, & Daems 2004 ). These errors mainly occur with verbs with two or more homophonous forms in their inflectional paradigms. Ample experimental research has been carried out on this topic, but these studies hardly reflect everyday language behavior. In the current corpus study, we reassessed previously…
The role of segmental and durational cues in the processing of reduced words
In natural conversations, words are generally shorter and they often lack segments. It is unclear to what extent such durational and segmental reductions affect word recognition. The present study investigates to what extent reduction in the initial syllable hinders word comprehension, which types of segments listeners mostly rely on, and whether listeners use word duration as a cue in word recognition. We conducted three experiments in Dutch, in…
Do speech registers differ in the predictability of words
Previous research has demonstrated that language use can vary depending on the context of situation. The present paper extends this finding by comparing word predictability differences between 14 speech registers ranging from highly informal conversations to read-aloud books. We trained 14 statistical language models to compute register-specific word predictability and trained a register classifier on the perplexity score vector of the language m…
Phonetic effects of morphology and context
Recent research on the acoustic realization of affixes has revealed differences between phonologically homophonous affixes, e.g. the different kinds of final [s] and [z] in English (Plag, Homann & Kunter 2017, Zimmermann 2016a). Such results are unexpected and unaccounted for in widely accepted post-Bloomfieldian item-and-arrangement models (Hockett 1954), which separate lexical and post-lexical phonology, and in models which interpret phonetic e…
The role of grammar in spelling homophonous regular verbs
Can a lack of grammatical knowledge alone be held accountable for the spelling errors that are made for homophonous verb forms and do these errors occur because spellers do not apply their grammatical knowledge? Three experiments with secondary school pupils were conducted on Dutch weak prefix verbs. The results confirmed that pupils made many spelling errors and also have great problems identifying the verb forms’ functions. Moreover, a direct c…
The use of exemplars differs between native and non-native listening
This study compares the role of exemplars in native and non-native listening. Two English identity priming experiments were conducted with native English, Dutch non-native, and Spanish non-native listeners. In Experiment 1, primes and targets were spoken in the same or a different voice. Only the native listeners showed exemplar effects. In Experiment 2, primes and targets had the same or a different degree of vowel reduction. The Dutch, but not …
Linguistics (32 obras) · Psychology (26 obras) · Computer Science (25 obras) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (24 obras) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (18 obras) · Speech recognition (16 obras) · Philosophy (11 obras) · Natural language processing (10 obras) · Word (group theory) (9 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (8 obras)