Alexander D Smith
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 9006786 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Alexander D Smith |
| PRENOMES | Alexander D |
| SOBRENOME | Smith |
| ASSINATURA | SMITH A D |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Fudan University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3489-4298 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 10 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 0 |
| OBRAS COMO AUTOR | 10 |
| OBRAS COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2015 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 0 |
Bornean passives in comparative perspective
This paper investigates three types of passives in Lebo’ Vo’, an endangered Kenyah language of northern Borneo (Austronesian), and discusses their implications for linguistic theory and syntactic typology. Passives in Lebo’ Vo’ involve a preverbal analytic marker, with an agent expressed optionally in immediately preverbal or postverbal position. Echoing differences between passives with and without agents in Mandarin Chinese ( Huang 1999 , a.o.)…
Modeling sound change in a dialectically heterogeneous community
Vertical and horizontal models of language relatedness, such as tree models and wave models, approach language change from two fundamentally different perspectives. Vertical models capture the diachronic nature of language differentiation but do not offer a satisfactory way to show diffusion across linguistic boundaries. Horizontal models excel at modeling diffusion but are essentially distributional models and have no temporal element. In this p…
Reevaluating two schwa-initial reconstructions in Proto‐ and Pre‐Proto‐Austronesian numerals with some help from Kra‐Dai
Proto-Austronesian numeral reconstruction typically includes the reconstructions *əsa ‘one’ and *ənəm ‘six’. These lexemes are noteworthy because they contain the only examples of schwa in word-initial position in a Proto-Austronesian reconstruction as presented in the Austronesian Comparative Dictionary . In this study, both *əsa and *ənəm are critically evaluated with the hypothesis that Proto-Austronesian descended from an ancestor which did n…
Late Malayo-Polynesian
Models of higher-order Austronesian linguistic relations have traditionally involved the grouping of languages into large higher-order subgroups. In the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup, that tradition has led to the creation of subgroups covering great geographical distances all modeled as descending directly from the Malayo-Polynesian node. This research argues that the evidence for those large subgroups does not stand under scrutiny. Rather, the dis…
The reality of Rukai Glides
Prosodic details offer valuable insight into the phonology of languages, but prosodically-grounded analysis alone does not reveal the whole picture. Benjamin Macaulay’s prosodic study into Rukai provides valuable insights into the syllable structure of the language, but phonological alternations, particularly the alternation of glides and fricatives, as well as the historical source of glides, suggests that glides still form an important part of …
Constraint reranking in diachronic OT
Languages throughout the Malayo-Polynesian branch of Austronesian exhibit a range of sound changes which all appear to be triggered by the presence of a schwa in an open penultimate syllable. These changes are gemination of the final-syllable onset, deletion of penultimate schwa in three-or-more syllable words, and the shift of schwa to a full vowel in open penultimate syllables only. The changes are analyzed as a product of drift, whereby change…
Reconstructing non-contrastive stress in Austronesian and the role of the mora in stress shift, gemination and vowel shift
Competing schools of thought on the reconstruction of Proto-Austronesian stress contend that primary stress was either regular (falling on the penultimate syllable with possible phonetic conditions that triggered stress shift to the final syllable) or lexical (falling unpredictably either on the penult or ultima). In this study, I argue that the comparative evidence supports the first position: that primary stress fell regularly on the penultimat…
Environmental factors affect the evolution of linguistic subgroups in Borneo
This study investigates the relatedness and history of the Austronesian languages of Borneo, which is the third largest island in the world and home to significant linguistic diversity. We apply Bayesian phylogenetic dating methods to lexical cognate data based on four historical calibration points to infer a dated phylogeny of 87 languages. The inferred tree topology agrees with the mid and lower-level subgrouping proposals based on the classica…
Historical Linguistics
Historical linguistics is a fundamental field of linguistics and traces its origins to nineteenth‐century Europe and the pioneering work of the Neogrammarians in describing the relatedness of Indo‐European languages and developing the modern comparative method. Historical linguistics is broad, but is principally concerned with language change, reconstruction of past languages, and can be an important tool in reconstructing ancient cultures, homel…
Reverse innovation
BACKGROUND: Canada, when compared to other OECD countries, ranks poorly with respect to innovation and innovation adoption while struggling with increasing health system costs. As a result of its failure to innovate, the Canadian health system will struggle to meet the needs and demands of both current and future populations. The purpose of this initiative was to explore if a competition-based reverse innovation challenge could mobilize and stimu…
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Reverse innovation
BACKGROUND: Canada, when compared to other OECD countries, ranks poorly with respect to innovation and innovation adoption while struggling with increasing health system costs. As a result of its failure to innovate, the Canadian health system will struggle to meet the needs and demands of both current and future populations. The purpose of this initiative was to explore if a competition-based reverse innovation challenge could mobilize and stimu…
Historical Linguistics
Historical linguistics is a fundamental field of linguistics and traces its origins to nineteenth‐century Europe and the pioneering work of the Neogrammarians in describing the relatedness of Indo‐European languages and developing the modern comparative method. Historical linguistics is broad, but is principally concerned with language change, reconstruction of past languages, and can be an important tool in reconstructing ancient cultures, homel…
Environmental factors affect the evolution of linguistic subgroups in Borneo
This study investigates the relatedness and history of the Austronesian languages of Borneo, which is the third largest island in the world and home to significant linguistic diversity. We apply Bayesian phylogenetic dating methods to lexical cognate data based on four historical calibration points to infer a dated phylogeny of 87 languages. The inferred tree topology agrees with the mid and lower-level subgrouping proposals based on the classica…
Constraint reranking in diachronic OT
Languages throughout the Malayo-Polynesian branch of Austronesian exhibit a range of sound changes which all appear to be triggered by the presence of a schwa in an open penultimate syllable. These changes are gemination of the final-syllable onset, deletion of penultimate schwa in three-or-more syllable words, and the shift of schwa to a full vowel in open penultimate syllables only. The changes are analyzed as a product of drift, whereby change…
Reconstructing non-contrastive stress in Austronesian and the role of the mora in stress shift, gemination and vowel shift
Competing schools of thought on the reconstruction of Proto-Austronesian stress contend that primary stress was either regular (falling on the penultimate syllable with possible phonetic conditions that triggered stress shift to the final syllable) or lexical (falling unpredictably either on the penult or ultima). In this study, I argue that the comparative evidence supports the first position: that primary stress fell regularly on the penultimat…
The reality of Rukai Glides
Prosodic details offer valuable insight into the phonology of languages, but prosodically-grounded analysis alone does not reveal the whole picture. Benjamin Macaulay’s prosodic study into Rukai provides valuable insights into the syllable structure of the language, but phonological alternations, particularly the alternation of glides and fricatives, as well as the historical source of glides, suggests that glides still form an important part of …
Reevaluating two schwa-initial reconstructions in Proto‐ and Pre‐Proto‐Austronesian numerals with some help from Kra‐Dai
Proto-Austronesian numeral reconstruction typically includes the reconstructions *əsa ‘one’ and *ənəm ‘six’. These lexemes are noteworthy because they contain the only examples of schwa in word-initial position in a Proto-Austronesian reconstruction as presented in the Austronesian Comparative Dictionary . In this study, both *əsa and *ənəm are critically evaluated with the hypothesis that Proto-Austronesian descended from an ancestor which did n…
Late Malayo-Polynesian
Models of higher-order Austronesian linguistic relations have traditionally involved the grouping of languages into large higher-order subgroups. In the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup, that tradition has led to the creation of subgroups covering great geographical distances all modeled as descending directly from the Malayo-Polynesian node. This research argues that the evidence for those large subgroups does not stand under scrutiny. Rather, the dis…
Bornean passives in comparative perspective
This paper investigates three types of passives in Lebo’ Vo’, an endangered Kenyah language of northern Borneo (Austronesian), and discusses their implications for linguistic theory and syntactic typology. Passives in Lebo’ Vo’ involve a preverbal analytic marker, with an agent expressed optionally in immediately preverbal or postverbal position. Echoing differences between passives with and without agents in Mandarin Chinese ( Huang 1999 , a.o.)…
Modeling sound change in a dialectically heterogeneous community
Vertical and horizontal models of language relatedness, such as tree models and wave models, approach language change from two fundamentally different perspectives. Vertical models capture the diachronic nature of language differentiation but do not offer a satisfactory way to show diffusion across linguistic boundaries. Horizontal models excel at modeling diffusion but are essentially distributional models and have no temporal element. In this p…
Linguistic Variation and Morphology (7 obras) · History (6 obras) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (5 obras) · Linguistics (4 obras) · Mathematics (4 obras) · Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation (4 obras) · Austronesian languages (3 obras) · Computer Science (3 obras) · Philosophy (3 obras) · Schwa (3 obras)