Helene Raskin White
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 91568 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Helene Raskin White |
| PRENOMES | Helene Raskin |
| SOBRENOME | White |
| ASSINATURA | WHITE H R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4045-6585 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 43 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 772 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1984 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
Substance-Specific Risk Factors among Young Adults
PURPOSE: This study examined levels of substance-specific risk factors such as perception of harm from substance use among young adults in a range of cannabis-permissive environments. The main objective was to inform future preventive interventions aimed at reducing cannabis use in the context of increasingly permissive environments. METHODS: = 1,722 participants residing in 46 U.S. states). Young adults self-reported their perceptions about the …
Individual and Covid-19-Specific Indicators of Compliance with Mask Use and Social Distancing
COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has resulted in widespread negative outcomes. Face masks and social distancing have been used to minimize its spread. Understanding who will engage in protective behaviors is crucial for continued response to the pandemic. We aimed to evaluate factors that are indicative of mask use and social distancing among current and former college students prior to vaccine access. Participants (N = 490; 67% female; 60% Whi…
The association between protective behavioral strategies and alcohol-related problems
This study examined race and gender differences in use of specific types of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) and the moderating effects of race and gender on the relationship between PBS use and alcohol problems, controlling for alcohol use, among a large sample of Asian, Black, and White college drinkers. There were significant racial and gender differences in the types of PBS used. Moderation analyses indicated that PBS were more protecti…
Substance Use and Crime
The author explores the associations between alcohol and drug use and crime. First, general theoretical models of the substance use–crime connection, including substance use causing crime, crime leading to substance use, and a common cause model, are presented. Next, the empirical research that examines situational and global associations between substance use and crime is reviewed, and this research is tied to the explanatory models. The review …
Serious Delinquency and Gang Participation
Using Pittsburgh Youth Study data, we examined the extent to which over 600 gang members and non-gang involved young men specialized in drug selling, serious theft, or serious violence or engaged simultaneously in these serious delinquent behaviors, throughout the 1990s. We found that the increase in delinquency associated with gang membership was concentrated in two combinations: serious violence and drug selling; serious violence, drug selling,…
Exploring the Intersection of Neighborhood Racial and Economic Composition and Individual Race on Substance Use Among Male Adolescents
This article examines how Blacks and Whites living in neighborhoods with divergent racial and income profiles differed in early onset (by age 14 years) and adolescent lifetime prevalence (by age 18 years) of substance use, with longitudinal data from 473 high-risk boys (58% Black). A latent profile analysis identified four neighborhood classes: Black, lower-income; racially mixed, middle-income; White, middle-income; and White, upper-income. Biva…
Developmental Patterns of Alcohol Use in Relation to the Persistence and Desistance of Serious Violent Offending Among African American and Caucasian Young Men
This study examined the association of alcohol use with the persistence and desistance of serious violent offending among African American and Caucasian young men from adolescence into emerging adulthood. Five violence groups were defined: nonviolent, late‐onsetters, desisters, persisters, and one‐time offenders. We examined alcohol use trajectories for these groups spanning 12 through 24/25 years of age using a four‐piecewise linear growth model…
Associations Between Changing Developmental Contexts and Risky Sexual Behavior in the Two Years Following High School
Substance Use Trajectories of Black and White Young Men from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood
This study examined trajectories of substance use among Black and White young men (N = 983) from adolescence to emerging adulthood using two-part growth curve analysis. Controlling for parental socioeconomic status, Blacks were significantly less likely to use alcohol and hard drugs than Whites at age 17 and drank significantly fewer drinks. The alcohol prevalence gap between Blacks and Whites further increased over time. Blacks in the older coho…
Romantic Relationships and Substance Use in Early Adulthood
This study used longitudinal data from 909 young adults to examine associations between substance use and the status and quality of romantic relationships. Heavy alcohol use, marijuana use, and cigarette smoking, as well as relationship status, relationship quality, partner substance use, and other salient life circumstances were assessed at four time points in the two years after high school. Marriage, cohabiting relationships, and noncohabiting…
Violence and Serious Theft
Part I: Introduction and Methods. Introduction and Key Questions. The Pittsburgh Youth Study: Its Design, Data Collection, and Early Key Findings. Measurement Instruments and Constructs. Part II: Epidemiology of Violence, Serious Theft, Substance Use, Drug Dealing and Gang Membership. The Age-Crime Curve in Reported Offending. Comparing Arrests and Convictions with Reported Offending. Substance Use, Drug Dealing, Gang Membership, and Gun Carrying…
Identifying two potential mechanisms for changes in alcohol use among college-attending and non-college-attending emerging adults
This study tested whether pro-alcohol peer influences and prosocial involvement account for increases in drinking during the transition into emerging adulthood and whether these mechanisms differ depending on college attendance and/or moving away from home. The authors used structural equation modeling of prospective data from 825 young men and women. For 4 groups defined by college and residential status, more drinking in the spring of 12th grad…
Congruence Between Adolescents' Self-Reports and Their Adult Retrospective Reports Regarding Parental Discipline Practices During Their Adolescence 1,2
The congruence between adolescents' self-reports and their adult retrospective reports of parental discipline practices and physical abuse in adolescence was examined. A community sample of adolescents was recruited in 1979 through 1981 by a randomized telephone screening for a longitudinal study of adolescent development. These 104 men and 190 women (N = 359) were interviewed in person five times between the ages of 12 and 30 to 31 years about a…
Congruence between Adolescents' Self-Reports and Their Adult Retrospective Reports regarding Parental Discipline Practices during Their Adolescence
The congruence between adolescents' self-reports and their adult retrospective reports of parental discipline practices and physical abuse in adolescence was examined. A community sample of adolescents was recruited in 1979 through 1981 by a randomized telephone screening for a longitudinal study of adolescent development. These 104 men and 190 women (N = 359) were interviewed in person five times between the ages of 12 and 30 to 31 years about a…
Congruence Between Adolescents' Self-Reports and Their Adult Retrospective Reports Regarding Parental Discipline Practices Duringtheir Adolescence
Increases in Alcohol and Marijuana Use During the Transition Out of High School Into Emerging Adulthood
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effects of leaving home and going to college on changes in the frequency of alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking, and marijuana use shortly after leaving high school. We also examined how protective factors in late adolescence predict post-high school substance use and moderate the effects of leaving home and going to college. METHOD: Data came from subjects (N = 319; 53% male) interviewed at the end of 12th gra…
Reduction of alcohol-related harm on United States college campuses
Aggressive behavior among girls and boys during middle childhood
Using longitudinal data spanning early elementary through middle school, aggression behavior trajectory groups were identified for boys and girls. Early elementary school predictors of trajectory group membership were examined as well as whether trajectory group predicted physical aggression, covert delinquency, and substance use in 9th grade. Semiparametric group modeling identified aggression behavior trajectory groups. We identified four aggre…
Mental Health and Juvenile Arrests
Juveniles in secure confinement allegedly suffer from more mental health problems than their peers. This may reflect background and behavioral characteristics commonly found in clients of both mental health and juvenile justice systems. Another explanation is that mental disorders increase the risk of arrest. These interpretations were tested on a sample of Pittsburgh boys (n = 736). Findings indicate that arrested youth exhibit more attention de…
Gender, Race, and the Self in Mental Health and Crime
Strong and consistent gender differences exist in mental health problems and crime. Females suffer more from internalizing problems, including depression and anxiety, while males predominate in externalizing problems, which include delinquency, aggression, and substance abuse. These gender differences vary by race, however. Although gender differences in externalizing problems remain considerable across race, gender differences in internalizing p…
The Self and Mental Health
How do schemas about self-salience-the importance of the self versus the collective in social relations-affect mental health? We propose that self-salience shapes the likelihood of experiencing internalizing or externalizing problems. Schemas that privilege others over the self increase the risk of internalizing symptoms, including depressive symptoms and anxiety, whereas those that privilege the self over others predispose individuals to externa…
Gender Differences in Adolescent and Young Adult Predictors of Later Intimate Partner Violence
The authors examined distal predictors of perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence (IPV) among 725 young adult men and women using prospective data. Earlier problem drinking and negative affect were common predictors of perpetration for both genders. Lower education predicted female perpetration; parental fighting predicted male perpetration. No common predictors of victimization were found for men and women. Lower education, p…
Intimate partner violence among abused and neglected children in young adulthood
This study examined whether male and female abused and neglected children report higher levels of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in young adulthood than a matched control group. We also examined whether this association was mediated by early aggressive behavior, adult antisocial personality disorder, hostility, and problem drinking for men and women. The sample consisted of individuals who had official records of child abuse and/or …
Trajectories of Gender Role Orientations in Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Adolescence is the segment of the life course when gender differences in mental health emerge and gender becomes a more salient factor shaping orientations toward oneself and views of one's place in the social world. This study uses mixture modeling, to identify trajectories of masculinity and femininity between ages 12 and 25, and OLS regression, to examine the effects of those trajectories on mental health in young adulthood (measured as depres…
The Impact of Childhood Abuse and Neglect on Adult Mental Health
This paper examines the impact of three types of victimization in childhood--sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect--on lifetime measures of mental health among adults. In contrast to research that relies on retrospective recall of childhood victimization, this work uses a prospective sample gathered from records of documented court cases of childhood abuse and neglect in a midwestern city around 1970. These subjects were interviewed about twe…
An Empirical Test of General Strain Theory
This paper tests Agnew's (1992) general strain theory (GST) of crime and delinquency. GST argues that strain occurs when others (1) prevent or threaten to prevent you from achieving positively valued goals, (2) remove or threaten to remove positively valued stimuli that you possess, or (3) present or threaten to present you with noxious or negatively valued stimuli. The impact of such strain on delinquency is said to be conditioned by several var…
Becoming Married and Mental Health
Allan V. Horwitz, Helene Raskin White, Sandra Howell-White, Becoming Married and Mental Health: A Longitudinal Study of a Cohort of Young Adults, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 58, No. 4 (Nov., 1996), pp. 895-907
The Impact of Childhood Abuse and Neglect on Adult Mental Health
This paper examines the impact of three types of victimization in childhood--sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect--on lifetime measures of mental health among adults. In contrast to research that relies on retrospective recall of childhood victimization, this work uses a prospective sample gathered from records of documented court cases of childhood abuse and neglect in a midwestern city around 1970. These subjects were interviewed about twe…
Intimate partner violence among abused and neglected children in young adulthood
This study examined whether male and female abused and neglected children report higher levels of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in young adulthood than a matched control group. We also examined whether this association was mediated by early aggressive behavior, adult antisocial personality disorder, hostility, and problem drinking for men and women. The sample consisted of individuals who had official records of child abuse and/or …
The Relationship of Cohabitation and Mental Health
Despite the growing importance of and interest in as a living arrangement, little is known about the relationship between and mental health. This research tests how the mental health of cohabitors compares with that of unmarried and of married persons. It uses a cohort of unmarried young adults who were sampled when they were 18, 21, or 24 years old and resampled 7 years later when they were 25, 28, or 31 years old. We compare the mental health o…
Becoming Married, Depression, and Alcohol Problems Among Young Adults
This paper examines three questions regarding the relationship between marriage and mental health, specifically depression and alcohol problems. First, does marriage lead to improved mental health compared to never marrying? Second, do any mental health benefits of marriage primarily accrue to men? Third, what qualitative aspects of marriage are related to psychological disorder? We explore these questions in a longitudinal sample of young adults…
The Self and Mental Health
How do schemas about self-salience-the importance of the self versus the collective in social relations-affect mental health? We propose that self-salience shapes the likelihood of experiencing internalizing or externalizing problems. Schemas that privilege others over the self increase the risk of internalizing symptoms, including depressive symptoms and anxiety, whereas those that privilege the self over others predispose individuals to externa…
Age Differences in Delinquency
This study tests an integrated theoretical model of delinquency on a representative sample of 341 male New Jersey adolescents. The model is a modified version of Hirschi's control theory that integrates, in part, cultural deviance theory. This study addresses two questions: (1) how well does the theory explain delinquency within different adolescent age groups? and (2) does the salience of individual components in the model differ from one age gr…
Romantic Relationships and Substance Use in Early Adulthood
This study used longitudinal data from 909 young adults to examine associations between substance use and the status and quality of romantic relationships. Heavy alcohol use, marijuana use, and cigarette smoking, as well as relationship status, relationship quality, partner substance use, and other salient life circumstances were assessed at four time points in the two years after high school. Marriage, cohabiting relationships, and noncohabiting…
How the Negative and Positive Aspects of Partner Relationships Affect the Mental Health of Young Married People
The relationship between marriage and positive mental health is one of the most established findings in the stress literature. Few studies, however, examine the problematic as well as the supportive impacts of marriage on mental health. This paper uses a cohort of young adults who were sampled at 18, 21, or 24 years of age and resampled seven years later when they were married at 25, 28, or 31. It examines what factors are associated with the qua…
Gender Role Orientations and Styles of Pathology Among Adolescents
This paper assesses the effect of gender identity on rates of psychological distress, delinquency, and drug and alcohol problems among a representative sample of adolescents. It examines whether pathologies such as delinquency that are prevalent among males can be viewed as functionally equivalent to those involving the internalization of distress more common among females. As expected, females display higher rates of distress and males of delinq…
The Use of Multiple Outcomes in Stress Research
This study tests the hypothesis that the use of a single outcome variable distorts the mental health consequences of a stressor among different social groups. It uses the example of the impact of marital dissolution on the mental health of men and women to see whether rates of depression and alcohol problems rise disproportionately among women and men, respectively, who experience the same type of stressor. The sample compares 465 married subject…
Longitudinal Predictors of Serious Substance Use and Delinquency
The present study tests the validity of a common‐cause model in explaining both serious substance use and serious delinquent behavior among youths. Longitudinal data on 441 male and 441 female adolescents are analyzed. Youths originally tested at Time 1 when they were 12, 15, or 18 years old were retested three years later when they were 15, 18, or 21 years old. The results provide modest support for a common‐cause model. While a number of predic…
Trajectories of Gender Role Orientations in Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Adolescence is the segment of the life course when gender differences in mental health emerge and gender becomes a more salient factor shaping orientations toward oneself and views of one's place in the social world. This study uses mixture modeling, to identify trajectories of masculinity and femininity between ages 12 and 25, and OLS regression, to examine the effects of those trajectories on mental health in young adulthood (measured as depres…
Mental Health and Juvenile Arrests
Juveniles in secure confinement allegedly suffer from more mental health problems than their peers. This may reflect background and behavioral characteristics commonly found in clients of both mental health and juvenile justice systems. Another explanation is that mental disorders increase the risk of arrest. These interpretations were tested on a sample of Pittsburgh boys (n = 736). Findings indicate that arrested youth exhibit more attention de…
Identifying two potential mechanisms for changes in alcohol use among college-attending and non-college-attending emerging adults
This study tested whether pro-alcohol peer influences and prosocial involvement account for increases in drinking during the transition into emerging adulthood and whether these mechanisms differ depending on college attendance and/or moving away from home. The authors used structural equation modeling of prospective data from 825 young men and women. For 4 groups defined by college and residential status, more drinking in the spring of 12th grad…
Aggressive behavior among girls and boys during middle childhood
Using longitudinal data spanning early elementary through middle school, aggression behavior trajectory groups were identified for boys and girls. Early elementary school predictors of trajectory group membership were examined as well as whether trajectory group predicted physical aggression, covert delinquency, and substance use in 9th grade. Semiparametric group modeling identified aggression behavior trajectory groups. We identified four aggre…
Adolescent Drug Use, Psychological Distress, and Physical Symptoms
The longitudinal interrelationships among general drug use, psychological distress, and physical symptoms were investigated in a three wave panel study of a community sample of adolescents interviewed when they were 12, 15, and 18 years of age. Results did not provide any support for the hypothesis that adolescents use drugs in general to cope with pre-existing psychological distress and physical symptoms. In contrast, the results supported the h…
Gender, Race, and the Self in Mental Health and Crime
Strong and consistent gender differences exist in mental health problems and crime. Females suffer more from internalizing problems, including depression and anxiety, while males predominate in externalizing problems, which include delinquency, aggression, and substance abuse. These gender differences vary by race, however. Although gender differences in externalizing problems remain considerable across race, gender differences in internalizing p…
Associations Between Changing Developmental Contexts and Risky Sexual Behavior in the Two Years Following High School
Gender Differences in Adolescent and Young Adult Predictors of Later Intimate Partner Violence
The authors examined distal predictors of perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence (IPV) among 725 young adult men and women using prospective data. Earlier problem drinking and negative affect were common predictors of perpetration for both genders. Lower education predicted female perpetration; parental fighting predicted male perpetration. No common predictors of victimization were found for men and women. Lower education, p…
An Assessment of Gender Effects in Self Report Delinquency
This paper investigates the relative effect of parent, school, and peer influences in male and female delinquency. The theoretical framework is a combined control theory and differential association theory. Self-report data on 304 male and female adolescents are examined. The data demonstrate that males have significantly weaker “bonds” to their parents, the school, and to their peers than females. Males also report engaging in significantly more…
Risk Taking as a Predictor of Adolescent Sexual Activity and Use of Contraception
This study tested a risk-taking model of adolescent sexual activity and use of contraception. Longitudinal data were analyzed from a household sample of 1273 unmarried male and female adolescents and young adults. The results indicated that engagement in sexual intercourse and re liability of contraceptive use increased with age throughout adolescence and into young adulthood. Engaging in sexual intercourse among these subjects appeared to reflec…
Serious Delinquency and Gang Participation
Using Pittsburgh Youth Study data, we examined the extent to which over 600 gang members and non-gang involved young men specialized in drug selling, serious theft, or serious violence or engaged simultaneously in these serious delinquent behaviors, throughout the 1990s. We found that the increase in delinquency associated with gang membership was concentrated in two combinations: serious violence and drug selling; serious violence, drug selling,…
Developmental Patterns of Alcohol Use in Relation to the Persistence and Desistance of Serious Violent Offending Among African American and Caucasian Young Men
This study examined the association of alcohol use with the persistence and desistance of serious violent offending among African American and Caucasian young men from adolescence into emerging adulthood. Five violence groups were defined: nonviolent, late‐onsetters, desisters, persisters, and one‐time offenders. We examined alcohol use trajectories for these groups spanning 12 through 24/25 years of age using a four‐piecewise linear growth model…
Alcohol, Science, and Society Revisited
Age Differences in Delinquency
This study tests an integrated theoretical model of delinquency on a representative sample of 341 male New Jersey adolescents. The model is a modified version of Hirschi's control theory that integrates, in part, cultural deviance theory. This study addresses two questions: (1) how well does the theory explain delinquency within different adolescent age groups? and (2) does the salience of individual components in the model differ from one age gr…
The drug-crime nexus among adolescents and their peers
The purpose of this paper is to determine the nature of the drug‐crime relationship by exploring the influence of friend behaviors on both adolescent delinquent and substance using behavior. The sample consists of 1381 adolescents evenly divided by gender into three age groups (12, 15 and 18 years old). In general, there is an increase in intensity of substance use from the youngest to the oldest age level with male and female levels being simila…
An Assessment of Gender Effects in Self Report Delinquency
This paper investigates the relative effect of parent, school, and peer influences in male and female delinquency. The theoretical framework is a combined control theory and differential association theory. Self-report data on 304 male and female adolescents are examined. The data demonstrate that males have significantly weaker “bonds” to their parents, the school, and to their peers than females. Males also report engaging in significantly more…
Longitudinal Predictors of Serious Substance Use and Delinquency
The present study tests the validity of a common‐cause model in explaining both serious substance use and serious delinquent behavior among youths. Longitudinal data on 441 male and 441 female adolescents are analyzed. Youths originally tested at Time 1 when they were 12, 15, or 18 years old were retested three years later when they were 15, 18, or 21 years old. The results provide modest support for a common‐cause model. While a number of predic…
Gender Role Orientations and Styles of Pathology Among Adolescents
This paper assesses the effect of gender identity on rates of psychological distress, delinquency, and drug and alcohol problems among a representative sample of adolescents. It examines whether pathologies such as delinquency that are prevalent among males can be viewed as functionally equivalent to those involving the internalization of distress more common among females. As expected, females display higher rates of distress and males of delinq…
Explaining Delinquency and Drug Use
An Integrated Theoretical Perspective on Delinquency and Drug Use The Integration of Strain and Control Theories The Integration of Strain, Control, and Learning Theories The Fully Integrated Model Description of the Study An Initial Multivariate Test of
Risk Taking as a Predictor of Adolescent Sexual Activity and Use of Contraception
This study tested a risk-taking model of adolescent sexual activity and use of contraception. Longitudinal data were analyzed from a household sample of 1273 unmarried male and female adolescents and young adults. The results indicated that engagement in sexual intercourse and re liability of contraceptive use increased with age throughout adolescence and into young adulthood. Engaging in sexual intercourse among these subjects appeared to reflec…
Towards the assessment of adolescent problem drinking.
Longitudinal data were obtained from a nonclinical sample of 1,308 male and female adolescents covering the age range from 12 to 21. Factor analyses of 52 symptoms and/or consequences of alcohol use yielded three problem dimensions. In addition, a unidimensional, 23-item scale (the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index, RAPI) was constructed with an internal consistency of .92. Correlations between RAPI and alcohol-use intensity were moderately strong fo…
Adolescent Drug Use, Psychological Distress, and Physical Symptoms
The longitudinal interrelationships among general drug use, psychological distress, and physical symptoms were investigated in a three wave panel study of a community sample of adolescents interviewed when they were 12, 15, and 18 years of age. Results did not provide any support for the hypothesis that adolescents use drugs in general to cope with pre-existing psychological distress and physical symptoms. In contrast, the results supported the h…
Becoming Married, Depression, and Alcohol Problems Among Young Adults
This paper examines three questions regarding the relationship between marriage and mental health, specifically depression and alcohol problems. First, does marriage lead to improved mental health compared to never marrying? Second, do any mental health benefits of marriage primarily accrue to men? Third, what qualitative aspects of marriage are related to psychological disorder? We explore these questions in a longitudinal sample of young adults…
Marijuana Use, Introspectiveness, and Mental Health
Benjamin Zablocki, Angela Aidala, Stephen Hansell, Helene Raskin White, Marijuana Use, Introspectiveness, and Mental Health, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Mar., 1991), pp. 65-79
An Empirical Test of General Strain Theory
This paper tests Agnew's (1992) general strain theory (GST) of crime and delinquency. GST argues that strain occurs when others (1) prevent or threaten to prevent you from achieving positively valued goals, (2) remove or threaten to remove positively valued stimuli that you possess, or (3) present or threaten to present you with noxious or negatively valued stimuli. The impact of such strain on delinquency is said to be conditioned by several var…
Between Paradigms
The Use of Multiple Outcomes in Stress Research
This study tests the hypothesis that the use of a single outcome variable distorts the mental health consequences of a stressor among different social groups. It uses the example of the impact of marital dissolution on the mental health of men and women to see whether rates of depression and alcohol problems rise disproportionately among women and men, respectively, who experience the same type of stressor. The sample compares 465 married subject…
Becoming Married and Mental Health
Allan V. Horwitz, Helene Raskin White, Sandra Howell-White, Becoming Married and Mental Health: A Longitudinal Study of a Cohort of Young Adults, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 58, No. 4 (Nov., 1996), pp. 895-907
The Relationship of Cohabitation and Mental Health
Despite the growing importance of and interest in as a living arrangement, little is known about the relationship between and mental health. This research tests how the mental health of cohabitors compares with that of unmarried and of married persons. It uses a cohort of unmarried young adults who were sampled when they were 18, 21, or 24 years old and resampled 7 years later when they were 25, 28, or 31 years old. We compare the mental health o…
How the Negative and Positive Aspects of Partner Relationships Affect the Mental Health of Young Married People
The relationship between marriage and positive mental health is one of the most established findings in the stress literature. Few studies, however, examine the problematic as well as the supportive impacts of marriage on mental health. This paper uses a cohort of young adults who were sampled at 18, 21, or 24 years of age and resampled seven years later when they were married at 25, 28, or 31. It examines what factors are associated with the qua…
The Impact of Childhood Abuse and Neglect on Adult Mental Health
This paper examines the impact of three types of victimization in childhood--sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect--on lifetime measures of mental health among adults. In contrast to research that relies on retrospective recall of childhood victimization, this work uses a prospective sample gathered from records of documented court cases of childhood abuse and neglect in a midwestern city around 1970. These subjects were interviewed about twe…
Trajectories of Gender Role Orientations in Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Adolescence is the segment of the life course when gender differences in mental health emerge and gender becomes a more salient factor shaping orientations toward oneself and views of one's place in the social world. This study uses mixture modeling, to identify trajectories of masculinity and femininity between ages 12 and 25, and OLS regression, to examine the effects of those trajectories on mental health in young adulthood (measured as depres…
Intimate partner violence among abused and neglected children in young adulthood
This study examined whether male and female abused and neglected children report higher levels of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in young adulthood than a matched control group. We also examined whether this association was mediated by early aggressive behavior, adult antisocial personality disorder, hostility, and problem drinking for men and women. The sample consisted of individuals who had official records of child abuse and/or …
Gender Differences in Adolescent and Young Adult Predictors of Later Intimate Partner Violence
The authors examined distal predictors of perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence (IPV) among 725 young adult men and women using prospective data. Earlier problem drinking and negative affect were common predictors of perpetration for both genders. Lower education predicted female perpetration; parental fighting predicted male perpetration. No common predictors of victimization were found for men and women. Lower education, p…
The Self and Mental Health
How do schemas about self-salience-the importance of the self versus the collective in social relations-affect mental health? We propose that self-salience shapes the likelihood of experiencing internalizing or externalizing problems. Schemas that privilege others over the self increase the risk of internalizing symptoms, including depressive symptoms and anxiety, whereas those that privilege the self over others predispose individuals to externa…
Increases in Alcohol and Marijuana Use During the Transition Out of High School Into Emerging Adulthood
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effects of leaving home and going to college on changes in the frequency of alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking, and marijuana use shortly after leaving high school. We also examined how protective factors in late adolescence predict post-high school substance use and moderate the effects of leaving home and going to college. METHOD: Data came from subjects (N = 319; 53% male) interviewed at the end of 12th gra…
Reduction of alcohol-related harm on United States college campuses
Psychology (39 obras) · Medicine (30 obras) · Clinical Psychology (23 obras) · Developmental psychology (22 obras) · Psychiatry (21 obras) · Social Psychology (14 obras) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (14 obras) · Clinical Psychology (12 obras) · Mental health (12 obras) · Poison control (11 obras)