John Dinardo
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 950491 |
|---|---|
| NOME | John Dinardo |
| PRENOMES | John |
| SOBRENOME | Dinardo |
| ASSINATURA | DINARDO J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | National Bureau of Economic Research |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 20 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 114 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 20 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1991 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
The Economic Impact of a High National Minimum Wage
This paper examines the short and longer-term economic effects of the 1966 Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) which increased the national minimum wage to its highest level of the 20th Century and extended coverage to an additional 9.1 million workers. Exploiting differences in the "bite" of the minimum wage due to regional variation in the standard of living and industry composition, this paper finds that the 1966 FLSA increased wages dramatically …
A Practical Proactive Proposal for Dealing with Attrition
Survey nonresponse and attrition undermine the validity of many and possibly most econometric estimates. We propose that survey administrators and evaluators proactively create an instrument for observation, for example, by ex ante randomizing participants to differing intensity of follow-up. We illustrate how to apply our proposed methodology using a carefully conducted randomized controlled trial, the Moving to Opportunity demonstration project…
New Evidence on the Finite Sample Properties of Propensity Score Reweighting and Matching Estimators
Frölich (2004) compares the finite sample properties of reweighting and matching estimators of average treatment effects and concludes that reweighting performs far worse than even the simplest matching estimator. We argue that this conclusion is unjustified. Neither approach dominates the other uniformly across data-generating processes (DGPs). Expanding on Frölich's analysis, this paper analyzes empirical as well as hypothetical DGPs and also e…
Beyond Incentives
We use a regression discontinuity design to analyze an understudied aspect of school accountability systems—how schools use financial rewards. For two years, California's accountability system financially rewarded schools based on a deterministic function of test scores. Qualifying schools received per-pupil awards amounting to about 1% of statewide per-pupil spending. Corroborating anecdotal evidence that awards were paid out as teacher bonuses,…
Economic Impacts of New Unionization on Private Sector Employers
Economic impacts of unionization on employers are difficult to estimate in the absence of large, representative data on establishments with union status information. Estimates are also confounded by selection bias, because unions could organize at highly profitable enterprises that are more likely to grow and pay higher wages. Using multiple establishment-level data sets that represent establishments that faced organizing drives in the United Sta…
A Propensity Score Reweighting Approach to Estimating the Partisan Effects of Full Turnout in American Presidential Elections
Borrowing an approach from the literature on the economics of discrimination, we estimate the impact of nonvoters on the outcome of presidential elections from 1952–2000 using data from the National Election Study (NES). Our estimates indicate that nonvoters are, on average, slightly more likely to support the Democratic Party. Of the 13 presidential elections between 1952 and 2000 we find no change in the eventual outcome of the election with tw…
Skill‐Biased Technological Change and Rising Wage Inequality
The recent rise in wage inequality is usually attributed to skill‐biased technical change (SBTC), associated with new computer technologies. We review the evidence for this hypothesis, focusing on the implications of SBTC for overall wage inequality and for changes in wage differentials between groups. A key problem for the SBTC hypothesis is that wage inequality stabilized in the 1990s despite continuing advances in computer technology; SBTC als…
Union Effects on Health Insurance Provision and Coverage in the United States
During the past two decades, union density has declined in the United States and employer provision of health benefits has changed substantially in extent and form. Using individual survey data spanning the years 1983–97 combined with employer survey data for 1993, the authors update and extend previous analyses of private-sector union effects on employer-provided health benefits. They find that the union effect on health insurance coverage rates…
"When Unions "Mattered
This examination of the Stock Market's responsiveness to strikes looks specifically at strike actions that labor historians generally view as the major ones occurring in the United States in the years 1925-37. The authors find that strikes had large, negative effects on industry stock value. Longer strikes, violent strikes, strikes in which unions "won," industry-wide strikes, strikes that led to union recognition, and strikes that led to large w…
The Immigrant and Native-Born Wage Distributions
Recent studies document a large widening of the immigrant/native-born mean wage gap since about 1970, a trend that some observers ascribe to post-1965 changes in U.S. immigration policy. These studies are limited, however, by their exclusive focus on men, which ignores important gender differences in the wage gap, and by the inadequacy of the mean wage for characterizing the gap when, as in recent decades, the wage distribution dramatically chang…
Nonparametric Density and Regression Estimation
We provide a nontechnical review of recent nonparametric methods for estimating density and regression functions. The methods we describe make it possible for a researcher to estimate a regression function or density without having to specify in advance a particular--and hence potentially misspecified functional form. We compare these methods to more popular parametric alternatives (such as OLS), illustrate their use in several applications, and …
Do Immigrant Inflows Lead to Native Outflows
We use 1980 and 1990 Census data for 119 larger Metropolitan Statistical Areas to examine the effect of skill-group specific immigrant inflows on the location decisions of natives in the same skill group, and on the overall distribution of human capital. To control for unobserved skill-group specific demand factors, our models include lagged mobility flows of natives over the 1970-80 period. We also estimate instrumental variables models that use…
The R 2 = .93
Regulatory Reform and Labor Markets
The Returns to Computer Use Revisited
Are the large measured wage differentials for on-the-job computer use a true return to computer skills, or do they just reflect that higher wage workers use computers on their jobs? We examine this issue with three large cross-sectional surveys from Germany. First, we confirm that the estimated wage differential associated with computer use in Germany is very similar to the U. S. differential. Second, we also measure large differentials for on-th…
How Much Do Immigration and Trade Affect Labor Market Outcomes
"This paper provides new estimates of the impact of immigration and trade on the U.S. labor market.... We examine the relation between economic outcomes for native workers and immigrant flows to regional labor markets.... We...use the factor proportions approach to examine the contributions of immigration and trade to recent changes in U.S. educational wage differentials and attempt to provide a broader assessment of the impact of immigration on …
Diverging Male Wage Inequality in the United States and Ganada, 1981-1988
The U.S. and Canadian economies have much in common, including similar collective bargaining structures. During the period 1981-88, however, although both countries witnessed a decline in the percentage of workers belonging to unions and an increase in hourly wage inequality, those changes were much more pronounced in the United States than in Canada. Using data on men in Canada and the United States in 1981 and 1988 (from the Labour Force Survey…
Diverging Male Wage Inequality in the United States and Canada, 1981-1988
The U.S. and Canadian economies have much in common,including similar collective bargaining structures. During the period 1981-88, however, although both countries witnessed a decline in the percentage of workers belonging to unions and an increase in hourly wage inequality, those changes were much more pronounced in the United States than in Canada. Using micro data on men in the United States and Canada in 1981 and 1988, the authors study the e…
Labor Market Institutions and the Distribution of Wages, 1973-1992
This paper presents a semiparametric procedure to analyze the effects of institutional and labor market factors on recent changes in the U.S. distribution of wages. The effects of these factors are estimated by applying kernel density methods to appropriately weighted samples. The procedure provides a visually clear representation of where in the density of wages these various factors exert the greatest impact. Using data from the Current Populat…
The Effect of Implicit Contracts on the Movement of Wages Over the Business Cycle
In this paper, the authors address the question of whether wages are affected by labor-market conditions in a manner more consistent with a contract approach than with a standard spot market model. From a simple implicit contract model, they derive implications about the links between wages and past labor market conditions. Using individual data from the Current Population Survey and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the authors find that an im…
A Propensity Score Reweighting Approach to Estimating the Partisan Effects of Full Turnout in American Presidential Elections
Borrowing an approach from the literature on the economics of discrimination, we estimate the impact of nonvoters on the outcome of presidential elections from 1952–2000 using data from the National Election Study (NES). Our estimates indicate that nonvoters are, on average, slightly more likely to support the Democratic Party. Of the 13 presidential elections between 1952 and 2000 we find no change in the eventual outcome of the election with tw…
The Effect of Implicit Contracts on the Movement of Wages Over the Business Cycle
In this paper, the authors address the question of whether wages are affected by labor-market conditions in a manner more consistent with a contract approach than with a standard spot market model. From a simple implicit contract model, they derive implications about the links between wages and past labor market conditions. Using individual data from the Current Population Survey and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the authors find that an im…
The Immigrant and Native-Born Wage Distributions
Recent studies document a large widening of the immigrant/native-born mean wage gap since about 1970, a trend that some observers ascribe to post-1965 changes in U.S. immigration policy. These studies are limited, however, by their exclusive focus on men, which ignores important gender differences in the wage gap, and by the inadequacy of the mean wage for characterizing the gap when, as in recent decades, the wage distribution dramatically chang…
The R 2 = .93
Union Effects on Health Insurance Provision and Coverage in the United States
During the past two decades, union density has declined in the United States and employer provision of health benefits has changed substantially in extent and form. Using individual survey data spanning the years 1983–97 combined with employer survey data for 1993, the authors update and extend previous analyses of private-sector union effects on employer-provided health benefits. They find that the union effect on health insurance coverage rates…
Nonparametric Density and Regression Estimation
We provide a nontechnical review of recent nonparametric methods for estimating density and regression functions. The methods we describe make it possible for a researcher to estimate a regression function or density without having to specify in advance a particular--and hence potentially misspecified functional form. We compare these methods to more popular parametric alternatives (such as OLS), illustrate their use in several applications, and …
Diverging Male Wage Inequality in the United States and Canada, 1981-1988
The U.S. and Canadian economies have much in common,including similar collective bargaining structures. During the period 1981-88, however, although both countries witnessed a decline in the percentage of workers belonging to unions and an increase in hourly wage inequality, those changes were much more pronounced in the United States than in Canada. Using micro data on men in the United States and Canada in 1981 and 1988, the authors study the e…
"When Unions "Mattered
This examination of the Stock Market's responsiveness to strikes looks specifically at strike actions that labor historians generally view as the major ones occurring in the United States in the years 1925-37. The authors find that strikes had large, negative effects on industry stock value. Longer strikes, violent strikes, strikes in which unions "won," industry-wide strikes, strikes that led to union recognition, and strikes that led to large w…
Diverging Male Wage Inequality in the United States and Ganada, 1981-1988
The U.S. and Canadian economies have much in common, including similar collective bargaining structures. During the period 1981-88, however, although both countries witnessed a decline in the percentage of workers belonging to unions and an increase in hourly wage inequality, those changes were much more pronounced in the United States than in Canada. Using data on men in Canada and the United States in 1981 and 1988 (from the Labour Force Survey…
The Effect of Implicit Contracts on the Movement of Wages Over the Business Cycle
In this paper, the authors address the question of whether wages are affected by labor-market conditions in a manner more consistent with a contract approach than with a standard spot market model. From a simple implicit contract model, they derive implications about the links between wages and past labor market conditions. Using individual data from the Current Population Survey and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the authors find that an im…
Labor Market Institutions and the Distribution of Wages, 1973-1992
This paper presents a semiparametric procedure to analyze the effects of institutional and labor market factors on recent changes in the U.S. distribution of wages. The effects of these factors are estimated by applying kernel density methods to appropriately weighted samples. The procedure provides a visually clear representation of where in the density of wages these various factors exert the greatest impact. Using data from the Current Populat…
The Returns to Computer Use Revisited
Are the large measured wage differentials for on-the-job computer use a true return to computer skills, or do they just reflect that higher wage workers use computers on their jobs? We examine this issue with three large cross-sectional surveys from Germany. First, we confirm that the estimated wage differential associated with computer use in Germany is very similar to the U. S. differential. Second, we also measure large differentials for on-th…
How Much Do Immigration and Trade Affect Labor Market Outcomes
"This paper provides new estimates of the impact of immigration and trade on the U.S. labor market.... We examine the relation between economic outcomes for native workers and immigrant flows to regional labor markets.... We...use the factor proportions approach to examine the contributions of immigration and trade to recent changes in U.S. educational wage differentials and attempt to provide a broader assessment of the impact of immigration on …
Diverging Male Wage Inequality in the United States and Ganada, 1981-1988
The U.S. and Canadian economies have much in common, including similar collective bargaining structures. During the period 1981-88, however, although both countries witnessed a decline in the percentage of workers belonging to unions and an increase in hourly wage inequality, those changes were much more pronounced in the United States than in Canada. Using data on men in Canada and the United States in 1981 and 1988 (from the Labour Force Survey…
Diverging Male Wage Inequality in the United States and Canada, 1981-1988
The U.S. and Canadian economies have much in common,including similar collective bargaining structures. During the period 1981-88, however, although both countries witnessed a decline in the percentage of workers belonging to unions and an increase in hourly wage inequality, those changes were much more pronounced in the United States than in Canada. Using micro data on men in the United States and Canada in 1981 and 1988, the authors study the e…
The R 2 = .93
Regulatory Reform and Labor Markets
Do Immigrant Inflows Lead to Native Outflows
We use 1980 and 1990 Census data for 119 larger Metropolitan Statistical Areas to examine the effect of skill-group specific immigrant inflows on the location decisions of natives in the same skill group, and on the overall distribution of human capital. To control for unobserved skill-group specific demand factors, our models include lagged mobility flows of natives over the 1970-80 period. We also estimate instrumental variables models that use…
Nonparametric Density and Regression Estimation
We provide a nontechnical review of recent nonparametric methods for estimating density and regression functions. The methods we describe make it possible for a researcher to estimate a regression function or density without having to specify in advance a particular--and hence potentially misspecified functional form. We compare these methods to more popular parametric alternatives (such as OLS), illustrate their use in several applications, and …
Skill‐Biased Technological Change and Rising Wage Inequality
The recent rise in wage inequality is usually attributed to skill‐biased technical change (SBTC), associated with new computer technologies. We review the evidence for this hypothesis, focusing on the implications of SBTC for overall wage inequality and for changes in wage differentials between groups. A key problem for the SBTC hypothesis is that wage inequality stabilized in the 1990s despite continuing advances in computer technology; SBTC als…
Union Effects on Health Insurance Provision and Coverage in the United States
During the past two decades, union density has declined in the United States and employer provision of health benefits has changed substantially in extent and form. Using individual survey data spanning the years 1983–97 combined with employer survey data for 1993, the authors update and extend previous analyses of private-sector union effects on employer-provided health benefits. They find that the union effect on health insurance coverage rates…
"When Unions "Mattered
This examination of the Stock Market's responsiveness to strikes looks specifically at strike actions that labor historians generally view as the major ones occurring in the United States in the years 1925-37. The authors find that strikes had large, negative effects on industry stock value. Longer strikes, violent strikes, strikes in which unions "won," industry-wide strikes, strikes that led to union recognition, and strikes that led to large w…
The Immigrant and Native-Born Wage Distributions
Recent studies document a large widening of the immigrant/native-born mean wage gap since about 1970, a trend that some observers ascribe to post-1965 changes in U.S. immigration policy. These studies are limited, however, by their exclusive focus on men, which ignores important gender differences in the wage gap, and by the inadequacy of the mean wage for characterizing the gap when, as in recent decades, the wage distribution dramatically chang…
Economic Impacts of New Unionization on Private Sector Employers
Economic impacts of unionization on employers are difficult to estimate in the absence of large, representative data on establishments with union status information. Estimates are also confounded by selection bias, because unions could organize at highly profitable enterprises that are more likely to grow and pay higher wages. Using multiple establishment-level data sets that represent establishments that faced organizing drives in the United Sta…
A Propensity Score Reweighting Approach to Estimating the Partisan Effects of Full Turnout in American Presidential Elections
Borrowing an approach from the literature on the economics of discrimination, we estimate the impact of nonvoters on the outcome of presidential elections from 1952–2000 using data from the National Election Study (NES). Our estimates indicate that nonvoters are, on average, slightly more likely to support the Democratic Party. Of the 13 presidential elections between 1952 and 2000 we find no change in the eventual outcome of the election with tw…
Beyond Incentives
We use a regression discontinuity design to analyze an understudied aspect of school accountability systems—how schools use financial rewards. For two years, California's accountability system financially rewarded schools based on a deterministic function of test scores. Qualifying schools received per-pupil awards amounting to about 1% of statewide per-pupil spending. Corroborating anecdotal evidence that awards were paid out as teacher bonuses,…
New Evidence on the Finite Sample Properties of Propensity Score Reweighting and Matching Estimators
Frölich (2004) compares the finite sample properties of reweighting and matching estimators of average treatment effects and concludes that reweighting performs far worse than even the simplest matching estimator. We argue that this conclusion is unjustified. Neither approach dominates the other uniformly across data-generating processes (DGPs). Expanding on Frölich's analysis, this paper analyzes empirical as well as hypothetical DGPs and also e…
The Economic Impact of a High National Minimum Wage
This paper examines the short and longer-term economic effects of the 1966 Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) which increased the national minimum wage to its highest level of the 20th Century and extended coverage to an additional 9.1 million workers. Exploiting differences in the "bite" of the minimum wage due to regional variation in the standard of living and industry composition, this paper finds that the 1966 FLSA increased wages dramatically …
A Practical Proactive Proposal for Dealing with Attrition
Survey nonresponse and attrition undermine the validity of many and possibly most econometric estimates. We propose that survey administrators and evaluators proactively create an instrument for observation, for example, by ex ante randomizing participants to differing intensity of follow-up. We illustrate how to apply our proposed methodology using a carefully conducted randomized controlled trial, the Moving to Opportunity demonstration project…
Economics (17 obras) · Labour economics (13 obras) · Labor market dynamics and wage inequality (12 obras) · Wage (9 obras) · Demographic economics (7 obras) · Political science (7 obras) · Econometrics (6 obras) · Employment and Welfare Studies (6 obras) · Mathematics (6 obras) · Labor Movements and Unions (5 obras)