Caleb Everett
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 96384 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Caleb Everett |
| PRENOMES | Caleb |
| SOBRENOME | Everett |
| ASSINATURA | EVERETT C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Miami |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5889-3935 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 23 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 132 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2009 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
A Myriad of Tongues
The typological frequency of consonants is highly predictive of their order of acquisition in English
The order of acquisition of consonants by children is impacted by both language-specific and species-wide factors. The latter factors also help to motivate the crosslinguistic commonness of some consonants. Here we explore the extent of overlap between crosslinguistic commonness and order of acquisition. We test how well the typological commonness of consonants is predictive of their order of acquisition in English, and vice versa, helping to she…
A Myriad of Tongues
American Politics in Two Dimensions
Contemporary political ills at the mass behavior level (e.g., outgroup aggression, conspiracy theories) are often attributed to increasing polarization and partisan tribalism. We theorize that many such problems are less the product of left‐right orientations than an orthogonal “anti‐establishment” dimension of opinion dominated by conspiracy, populist, and Manichean orientations. Using two national surveys from 2019 and 2020, we find that this d…
The Sound Systems of Languages Adapt, But to What Extent
The sound systems of the world's languages adapt to biomechanical, aerodynamic and cognitive pressures associated with sound production and discrimination. Such pressures help to yield the greater frequency of some sound types and the reduced frequency of others. In this paper I explore such adaptation, pointing out that sound systems not only adapt to such pressures in ways that are clear from a typological perspective, but that they adapt in mo…
Why do people believe Covid-19 conspiracy theories
As conspiracy theories about COVID-19 take root in the United States, understanding the psychological foundations of conspiracy beliefs is increasingly critical. Our research shows that beliefs in two popular variants of COVID-19 conspiracy theory are the joint product of the psychological predispositions 1) to reject information coming from experts and other authority figures and 2)
The similar rates of occurrence of consonants across the world's languages
The global dispreference for posterior voiced obstruents
The global dispreference for posterior voiced obstruents
This work explores the effect of ease of articulation on speech by examining the rates at which various consonants occur in word lists representing thousands of languages. The data reveal that obstruents produced with oral obstruction closer to the glottis are less likely to be voiced when contrasted with their counterparts produced in the anterior region of the vocal tract. While this finding is explainable via previously documented aerodynamic …
Anumeric People Today
Numbers and the Making of Us
Number concepts are a human invention developed and refined over millennia. They allow us to grasp quantities precisely: recent research shows that most specific quantities are not perceived in the absence of a number system. Numbers are not innate or universal; yet without them, the world as we know it would not exist
From Patterns in Language to Patterns in Thought
Among the many results Boas envisioned for the documentation of American indigenous languages was a clearer delineation of some fundamental facets of human psychology. This paper examines the subsequent realization of that particular vision, outlining some of the ways in which research with speakers of American languages has helped illuminate human cognition. The focus is on key findings that offer support for linguistic relativity, the influence…
Mapping explorations of linguistic influences on nonlinguistic thought
De récentes découvertes à base expérimentale démontrent que les disparités interlangues influent sur la cognition extralinguistique de manières très variées. Ces découvertes suggèrent qu'à quelques exceptions près, les chercheurs concernés par la question de la relativité linguistique vont au-delà de la question insipide : Est-ce que notre vision du monde est modelée ou déterminée par notre langue maternelle ? Au lieu de cela, ils cherchent à mie…
Lexical and Grammatical Number Are Cognitively and Historically Dissociable
Sounding the depths at the confluence of numerosity and language
Researchers in a variety of disciplines are currently exploring how number words and other culturally variant symbols for quantities enable and enhance numerical cognition. In this article I survey the ways in which fieldwork among Amazonian languages is helping to elucidate the relationship between numerical cognition and language. I highlight several noteworthy findings in recent work on this topic, address their implications, and also consider…
Without Language, No Distinctly Human Numerosity
A Closer Look at A Supposedly Anumeric Language1
Languages without cardinal numbers are exceedingly rare, with only a few clearly documented cases. One such case is putatively Jarawara, an Arawá language that has been claimed to lack native number terms. Recently collected evidence demonstrating the existence of such native terms is described here. The terms in question were corroborated independently by seven Jarawara speakers. Additional evidence for these native numbers is provided via the d…
Linguistic relativity and numeric cognition
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (2013), pp. 91-103
Gender, pronouns and thought
Previous studies have established that, in languages without epicene pronouns such as English, speakers overwhelmingly construe putatively generic terms such as ‘mankind’ as masculine, and that similar results hold for the construal of referents denoted by supposedly generic uses of masculine pronouns. What has not been addressed in the literature is whether speakers of languages without epicene pronouns exhibit greater androcentrism in the const…
Variable Velic Movement in Karitiâna
In Tupí-Karitiâna, there is a remarkable variety of nasal phones. Specifically, nasal consonants may take the form of simple nasals, pre-stopped nasals, post-stopped nasals, pre- and post-stopped nasals, as well as simple voiced stops. The greatest variety of nasal phones occurs when nasal consonants occur between two oral vowels. The analysis here focuses on the phones occurring in this environment. Acoustic data are presented, based on the spec…
Semantically-Oriented Vowel Reduction in an Amazonian Language
While it is an interesting phenomenon, semantically-oriented vowel reduction has only been demonstrated in studies with English-speaking participants. The primary objective of the current endeavor is to establish whether or not there is cross-linguistic evidence for semantically-oriented vowel reduction. In order to do so, we will consider some recently-collected data from Karitiâna (K henceforth). K is a Tupí language spoken in southwestern Amaz…
A Survey of Contemporary Research on Amazonian Languages
Amazonian languages have long confounded linguists. The languages represent a large number of linguistic families, including Tupí, Jê, Carib and Arawak, and the languages exhibit a wide variety of typologically-remarkable structural characteristics. Since the inception of the European colonization of Amazonia over four hundred years ago, missionary linguists have attempted to document the languages of the region. It is only relatively recently, h…
A reconsideration of the motivations for preferred argument structure
Previous studies on Preferred Argument Structure have suggested (Du Bois 1987, 2002) and accepted (e.g. Goldberg 2004) specific cognitive motivations for PAS, namely that the general restriction of lexical arguments and new referents to the S and O roles facilitates the conceptually onerous task of referent introduction. In this paper, conversation data from English and Portuguese are analyzed. The data are generally inconsistent with the putativ…
Negation and the Untransitive Category in Karitiâna
American Politics in Two Dimensions
Contemporary political ills at the mass behavior level (e.g., outgroup aggression, conspiracy theories) are often attributed to increasing polarization and partisan tribalism. We theorize that many such problems are less the product of left‐right orientations than an orthogonal “anti‐establishment” dimension of opinion dominated by conspiracy, populist, and Manichean orientations. Using two national surveys from 2019 and 2020, we find that this d…
Numbers and the Making of Us
Number concepts are a human invention developed and refined over millennia. They allow us to grasp quantities precisely: recent research shows that most specific quantities are not perceived in the absence of a number system. Numbers are not innate or universal; yet without them, the world as we know it would not exist
Without Language, No Distinctly Human Numerosity
A Survey of Contemporary Research on Amazonian Languages
Amazonian languages have long confounded linguists. The languages represent a large number of linguistic families, including Tupí, Jê, Carib and Arawak, and the languages exhibit a wide variety of typologically-remarkable structural characteristics. Since the inception of the European colonization of Amazonia over four hundred years ago, missionary linguists have attempted to document the languages of the region. It is only relatively recently, h…
The similar rates of occurrence of consonants across the world's languages
Mapping explorations of linguistic influences on nonlinguistic thought
De récentes découvertes à base expérimentale démontrent que les disparités interlangues influent sur la cognition extralinguistique de manières très variées. Ces découvertes suggèrent qu'à quelques exceptions près, les chercheurs concernés par la question de la relativité linguistique vont au-delà de la question insipide : Est-ce que notre vision du monde est modelée ou déterminée par notre langue maternelle ? Au lieu de cela, ils cherchent à mie…
A Closer Look at A Supposedly Anumeric Language1
Languages without cardinal numbers are exceedingly rare, with only a few clearly documented cases. One such case is putatively Jarawara, an Arawá language that has been claimed to lack native number terms. Recently collected evidence demonstrating the existence of such native terms is described here. The terms in question were corroborated independently by seven Jarawara speakers. Additional evidence for these native numbers is provided via the d…
Gender, pronouns and thought
Previous studies have established that, in languages without epicene pronouns such as English, speakers overwhelmingly construe putatively generic terms such as ‘mankind’ as masculine, and that similar results hold for the construal of referents denoted by supposedly generic uses of masculine pronouns. What has not been addressed in the literature is whether speakers of languages without epicene pronouns exhibit greater androcentrism in the const…
The global dispreference for posterior voiced obstruents
The global dispreference for posterior voiced obstruents
This work explores the effect of ease of articulation on speech by examining the rates at which various consonants occur in word lists representing thousands of languages. The data reveal that obstruents produced with oral obstruction closer to the glottis are less likely to be voiced when contrasted with their counterparts produced in the anterior region of the vocal tract. While this finding is explainable via previously documented aerodynamic …
Lexical and Grammatical Number Are Cognitively and Historically Dissociable
Variable Velic Movement in Karitiâna
In Tupí-Karitiâna, there is a remarkable variety of nasal phones. Specifically, nasal consonants may take the form of simple nasals, pre-stopped nasals, post-stopped nasals, pre- and post-stopped nasals, as well as simple voiced stops. The greatest variety of nasal phones occurs when nasal consonants occur between two oral vowels. The analysis here focuses on the phones occurring in this environment. Acoustic data are presented, based on the spec…
A reconsideration of the motivations for preferred argument structure
Previous studies on Preferred Argument Structure have suggested (Du Bois 1987, 2002) and accepted (e.g. Goldberg 2004) specific cognitive motivations for PAS, namely that the general restriction of lexical arguments and new referents to the S and O roles facilitates the conceptually onerous task of referent introduction. In this paper, conversation data from English and Portuguese are analyzed. The data are generally inconsistent with the putativ…
Negation and the Untransitive Category in Karitiâna
Semantically-Oriented Vowel Reduction in an Amazonian Language
While it is an interesting phenomenon, semantically-oriented vowel reduction has only been demonstrated in studies with English-speaking participants. The primary objective of the current endeavor is to establish whether or not there is cross-linguistic evidence for semantically-oriented vowel reduction. In order to do so, we will consider some recently-collected data from Karitiâna (K henceforth). K is a Tupí language spoken in southwestern Amaz…
A Survey of Contemporary Research on Amazonian Languages
Amazonian languages have long confounded linguists. The languages represent a large number of linguistic families, including Tupí, Jê, Carib and Arawak, and the languages exhibit a wide variety of typologically-remarkable structural characteristics. Since the inception of the European colonization of Amazonia over four hundred years ago, missionary linguists have attempted to document the languages of the region. It is only relatively recently, h…
Linguistic relativity and numeric cognition
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (2013), pp. 91-103
Gender, pronouns and thought
Previous studies have established that, in languages without epicene pronouns such as English, speakers overwhelmingly construe putatively generic terms such as ‘mankind’ as masculine, and that similar results hold for the construal of referents denoted by supposedly generic uses of masculine pronouns. What has not been addressed in the literature is whether speakers of languages without epicene pronouns exhibit greater androcentrism in the const…
Variable Velic Movement in Karitiâna
In Tupí-Karitiâna, there is a remarkable variety of nasal phones. Specifically, nasal consonants may take the form of simple nasals, pre-stopped nasals, post-stopped nasals, pre- and post-stopped nasals, as well as simple voiced stops. The greatest variety of nasal phones occurs when nasal consonants occur between two oral vowels. The analysis here focuses on the phones occurring in this environment. Acoustic data are presented, based on the spec…
A Closer Look at A Supposedly Anumeric Language1
Languages without cardinal numbers are exceedingly rare, with only a few clearly documented cases. One such case is putatively Jarawara, an Arawá language that has been claimed to lack native number terms. Recently collected evidence demonstrating the existence of such native terms is described here. The terms in question were corroborated independently by seven Jarawara speakers. Additional evidence for these native numbers is provided via the d…
Without Language, No Distinctly Human Numerosity
Sounding the depths at the confluence of numerosity and language
Researchers in a variety of disciplines are currently exploring how number words and other culturally variant symbols for quantities enable and enhance numerical cognition. In this article I survey the ways in which fieldwork among Amazonian languages is helping to elucidate the relationship between numerical cognition and language. I highlight several noteworthy findings in recent work on this topic, address their implications, and also consider…
Mapping explorations of linguistic influences on nonlinguistic thought
De récentes découvertes à base expérimentale démontrent que les disparités interlangues influent sur la cognition extralinguistique de manières très variées. Ces découvertes suggèrent qu'à quelques exceptions près, les chercheurs concernés par la question de la relativité linguistique vont au-delà de la question insipide : Est-ce que notre vision du monde est modelée ou déterminée par notre langue maternelle ? Au lieu de cela, ils cherchent à mie…
Lexical and Grammatical Number Are Cognitively and Historically Dissociable
Anumeric People Today
Numbers and the Making of Us
Number concepts are a human invention developed and refined over millennia. They allow us to grasp quantities precisely: recent research shows that most specific quantities are not perceived in the absence of a number system. Numbers are not innate or universal; yet without them, the world as we know it would not exist
From Patterns in Language to Patterns in Thought
Among the many results Boas envisioned for the documentation of American indigenous languages was a clearer delineation of some fundamental facets of human psychology. This paper examines the subsequent realization of that particular vision, outlining some of the ways in which research with speakers of American languages has helped illuminate human cognition. The focus is on key findings that offer support for linguistic relativity, the influence…
The similar rates of occurrence of consonants across the world's languages
The global dispreference for posterior voiced obstruents
The global dispreference for posterior voiced obstruents
This work explores the effect of ease of articulation on speech by examining the rates at which various consonants occur in word lists representing thousands of languages. The data reveal that obstruents produced with oral obstruction closer to the glottis are less likely to be voiced when contrasted with their counterparts produced in the anterior region of the vocal tract. While this finding is explainable via previously documented aerodynamic …
Why do people believe Covid-19 conspiracy theories
As conspiracy theories about COVID-19 take root in the United States, understanding the psychological foundations of conspiracy beliefs is increasingly critical. Our research shows that beliefs in two popular variants of COVID-19 conspiracy theory are the joint product of the psychological predispositions 1) to reject information coming from experts and other authority figures and 2)
American Politics in Two Dimensions
Contemporary political ills at the mass behavior level (e.g., outgroup aggression, conspiracy theories) are often attributed to increasing polarization and partisan tribalism. We theorize that many such problems are less the product of left‐right orientations than an orthogonal “anti‐establishment” dimension of opinion dominated by conspiracy, populist, and Manichean orientations. Using two national surveys from 2019 and 2020, we find that this d…
The Sound Systems of Languages Adapt, But to What Extent
The sound systems of the world's languages adapt to biomechanical, aerodynamic and cognitive pressures associated with sound production and discrimination. Such pressures help to yield the greater frequency of some sound types and the reduced frequency of others. In this paper I explore such adaptation, pointing out that sound systems not only adapt to such pressures in ways that are clear from a typological perspective, but that they adapt in mo…
A Myriad of Tongues
The typological frequency of consonants is highly predictive of their order of acquisition in English
The order of acquisition of consonants by children is impacted by both language-specific and species-wide factors. The latter factors also help to motivate the crosslinguistic commonness of some consonants. Here we explore the extent of overlap between crosslinguistic commonness and order of acquisition. We test how well the typological commonness of consonants is predictive of their order of acquisition in English, and vice versa, helping to she…
A Myriad of Tongues
Linguistics (17 obras) · Psychology (13 obras) · Computer Science (11 obras) · Philosophy (11 obras) · Philosophy (6 obras) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (6 obras) · Cognition (5 obras) · Language and cultural evolution (5 obras) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (5 obras) · Sociology (5 obras)