Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 979252 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard |
| PRENOMES | Kjeld Erik |
| SOBRENOME | Brødsgaard |
| ASSINATURA | BRØDSGAARD K E |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Copenhagen Business School |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0277-5112 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 53 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 46 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 5 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
The Party in Chinese Private Business
In the early first decade of the twenty-first century, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) began reassessing its relationship with capitalism, notably with private entrepreneurs. Following the reassessment, the CCP embraced the private sector in a strategy of “co-optation” and private entrepreneurs joined the party in increasing numbers. From 2012, the new Xi administration pushed for stronger political allegiance from all enterprises, resulting in…
Big Business and Cadre Management in China
Leading cadres in China are subject to rotation. An interesting form of rotation takes place between big business and the political world. That means one fifth of China’s governors and vice governors have a business background as heads of one of China’s large State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). How this takes place and which qualifications the involved business leaders possess are shrouded in mystery. Based on prosopographical studies of Chinese busi…
The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies returns to Copenhagen University
The 19th Party Congress
The 19th Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in BeijingOctober 18-24 2017. Leading up to the congress there was intense speculation concerning the new line-up of the most important leadership bodies of the CPC: the Politburo and the Politburo Standing Committee. Would the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) continue to consist of seven members, or would it be expanded to nine members, as was the case during Jiang Zemin's era, or woul…
Structural Reforms and CPC Power after the Third CPC Plenum, and the 1st Session of the 13th NPC
In February and March 2018 the 3rd Plenum of the 19th CPC Congress and the first meeting of the 13th National People's Congress (NPC) were held. During these meetings, important and far-reaching structural reforms were adopted, including constitutional amendments, restructurings of the government and the relationship between Party and state. Structural reforms are common at the outset of a new fi ve-year NPC term, and it is important to understan…
China’s Communist Party
The Communist Party of China (CPC) is not withering away as predicted by some Western scholars. On the contrary, in recent years, the party has centralised and strengthened its rule over China. At the same time, party membership has changed. Today, workers and farmers only account for only one-third of the total party membership compared to two-thirds when the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was established. Instead, new strata and groups such a…
Critical Readings on the Communist Party of China (4 Vols. Set)
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), with nearly 90 million members, is the largest ruling political party in the world. Its power and influence reach into every corner of state, society and economy in China. Given the CCP’s omnipresence, in-depth knowledge of how the CCP is organised and managed and how it will likely evolve is of paramount importance and is a basic prerequisite for understanding China’s rise. By bringing together the best scholar…
China's SOE Executives
Drawing on a database tracking the career of 1,250 top Chinese executives from 1,084 publicly-listed state-owned enterprises (SOEs), this article analyzes differences in career incentives for subsidiaries controlled by the central government compared to those controlled by local governments. It also considers the differences for executives in listed companies close to the parent group compared to those that are heads in distant subsidiaries. We f…
Minxin Pei, China's Crony Capitalism
Book review of: Minxin Pei, China's Crony Capitalism: The Dynamics of Regime Decay. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2016. 365 pp., including references and index. ISBN 9780674737297
China's 13th Five-Year Plan
Despite over 35 years of reform, some things in China never change. Thus, regular Five-Year Plans are still being formulated to serve as guidelines for the leadership's economic development policy priorities. The first Five-Year Plan was released in 1953 and only during the Great Leap Forward was the planning process suspended. Since the 1950s, overall planning has been conducted under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The CCP d…
Arthur R. Kroeber. China's Economy
Review of: Arthur R. Kroeber: China's Economy: What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. i-xii + 319 pp. including references and index. ISBN. 978-0-19023903-9
Andrew G. Walder, China Under Mao
s monumental Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China, although written as a biography of Deng Xiaoping, is in fact also a detailed historical account of the PRC's economic and political development. Walder's new book explicitly covers the Mao period and leaves out the Deng era. This is done deliberately in order to focus the book in terms of time period and a specific series of social and political events
The Fourth Plenum of the CPC Makes an Important Decision on Law Reform in China
During the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Communist Party of China (CPC) Congress, a new and important reform document was adopted. Announcing reforms mainly in the juridical sector, the 'Decision of the CPC Central Committee Concerning Some Major Questions in Comprehensively Moving Governing the Country According to the Law Forward' is part of the overall reform package kicked off at the Third Plenum last year. This article points out the do…
Joe Zhang, Party Man, Company Man
Book review of: Joe Zhang: Party Man, Company Man. Honolulu: Enrich Professional Publishing, 2014. 234 pp
Globalization and Public Sector Reform in China
SOE Reform in China
This article analyses the evolution of SOE reform in China, especially focusing on how SOEs benefited from the Chinese government's favourable policies and how such SOE favouritism impacts the Chinese macro economy and causes social problems. The article outlines SOE reform before Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao took over the leadership of the country in 2002–2003 and investigates the nominal as well as the real performance of SOEs since 2003. The artic…
Leadership Changes and Structural Reform After the 18th Party Congress in China
During the 18th Party Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in November 2012, and the 12th National People's Congress in March 2013, the Chinese leadership in Party organs and the state apparatus underwent a significant reshuffle. During this leadership change, virtually all leaders of the central organs were reappointed. While the actual structural and political reforms the new leadership is willing—and able—to make remain to be seen, an initi…
A Note on the 18th Party Congress of the CCP
The 18th Party Congress was more dramatic than anticipated due to the completely non-transparent process of selecting new leaders as well as a number of scandals involving leaders competing for the top posts. This contrasts with 2002 when Hu Jintao became secretary general in a comprehensive change of power that took place without much drama
Key Points of China’s Economic Programme after the Third Plenum of the CPC
At the Third Plenum held in November 2013, the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted a comprehensive reform programme containing no less than 300 reform proposals. It is potentially the most important reform document to have been passed by the CPC since the landmark Third Plenum in December 1978. Entitled ‘The Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Some Important Questions Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform’, the programme upgrades th…
A Note on China's 12th Five-Year Plan
At the annual meeting of the National People's Congress (NPC) in March 2011, a new five-year plan was approved by the legislators. This is the 12th five-year plan in the history of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The first five-year plan was introduced in 1953. Only during the Great Leap Forward (1958)(1959)(1960) was the planning process suspended and substituted by campaign economics
Edward Steinfeldt, Playing Our Game
Shambaugh, China's Communist Party
During the 1950s and 1960s the study of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was an important part of Western scholarship on contemporary China.Landmark studies such as John Lewis' Leadership in Communist China (1963) and A. Doak Barnett's Cadres, Bureaucracy and Political Power in Communist China (1967) were published.Other works, including Franz Schurmann 's Ideology and Organization in Communist China (1966), contained important chapters on the C…
Redefining Beijing Consensus
We argue that, owing to the conspicuous failure of Washington Consensus-guided reforms in most parts of the developing world in the 1990s and the outbreak of the current global financial crisis, the Washington Consensus, as a general term of neoliberal free market economic thinking, has been withering. In the meantime, the Chinese economic model has gained wide recognition and praise worldwide. Joshua C. Ramo coined the term ‘Beijing Consensus’ a…
Preface and Introduction
Governing Capacity and Institutional Change in China in the Reform Era
The Chinese reform process of 1978-2008 has primarily taken place within the economic sphere, involving fundamental changes of the centrally planned economic system. As a result, a hybrid economic system has evolved based on a combination of resource mobilization and allocation by market forces and Party and state domination of the commanding heights of the economy. In the political sphere, reform has been much more limited. During the 1980s ther…
China's regional development
Journal Article China's regional development Get access China's regional development. Edited by David S. G. Goodman. London: Routledge for Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1989. 204pp. Index. £32.50. ISBN 0 415 03510 4. Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 66, Issue 3, July 1990, Page 631, https://doi.or…
China’s Communist Party
The Communist Party of China (CPC) is not withering away as predicted by some Western scholars. On the contrary, in recent years, the party has centralised and strengthened its rule over China. At the same time, party membership has changed. Today, workers and farmers only account for only one-third of the total party membership compared to two-thirds when the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was established. Instead, new strata and groups such a…
SOE Reform in China
This article analyses the evolution of SOE reform in China, especially focusing on how SOEs benefited from the Chinese government's favourable policies and how such SOE favouritism impacts the Chinese macro economy and causes social problems. The article outlines SOE reform before Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao took over the leadership of the country in 2002–2003 and investigates the nominal as well as the real performance of SOEs since 2003. The artic…
Redefining Beijing Consensus
We argue that, owing to the conspicuous failure of Washington Consensus-guided reforms in most parts of the developing world in the 1990s and the outbreak of the current global financial crisis, the Washington Consensus, as a general term of neoliberal free market economic thinking, has been withering. In the meantime, the Chinese economic model has gained wide recognition and praise worldwide. Joshua C. Ramo coined the term ‘Beijing Consensus’ a…
The Democracy Movement in China, 1978-1979
Research Article| July 01 1981 The Democracy Movement in China, 1978-1979: Opposition Movements, Wall Poster Campaigns, and Underground Journals Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1952) 21 (7): 747–774. https://doi.org/10.2307/2643619 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share T…
Key Points of China’s Economic Programme after the Third Plenum of the CPC
At the Third Plenum held in November 2013, the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted a comprehensive reform programme containing no less than 300 reform proposals. It is potentially the most important reform document to have been passed by the CPC since the landmark Third Plenum in December 1978. Entitled ‘The Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Some Important Questions Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform’, the programme upgrades th…
Governing Capacity and Institutional Change in China in the Reform Era
The Chinese reform process of 1978-2008 has primarily taken place within the economic sphere, involving fundamental changes of the centrally planned economic system. As a result, a hybrid economic system has evolved based on a combination of resource mobilization and allocation by market forces and Party and state domination of the commanding heights of the economy. In the political sphere, reform has been much more limited. During the 1980s ther…
Big Business and Cadre Management in China
Leading cadres in China are subject to rotation. An interesting form of rotation takes place between big business and the political world. That means one fifth of China’s governors and vice governors have a business background as heads of one of China’s large State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). How this takes place and which qualifications the involved business leaders possess are shrouded in mystery. Based on prosopographical studies of Chinese busi…
China's SOE Executives
Drawing on a database tracking the career of 1,250 top Chinese executives from 1,084 publicly-listed state-owned enterprises (SOEs), this article analyzes differences in career incentives for subsidiaries controlled by the central government compared to those controlled by local governments. It also considers the differences for executives in listed companies close to the parent group compared to those that are heads in distant subsidiaries. We f…
Leadership Changes and Structural Reform After the 18th Party Congress in China
During the 18th Party Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in November 2012, and the 12th National People's Congress in March 2013, the Chinese leadership in Party organs and the state apparatus underwent a significant reshuffle. During this leadership change, virtually all leaders of the central organs were reappointed. While the actual structural and political reforms the new leadership is willing—and able—to make remain to be seen, an initi…
The 16th Party Congress in China
At the recent 16th Party Congress a comprehensive change of the Chinese leadership was carried through. Even though there was much speculation as to whether Jiang Zemin and his generation would retire as scheduled, the change of the old guard took place without much drama when the congress finally convened in Beijing. How do we evaluate this development? Does it mean that Chinese politics have matured in the sense that major decisions now conform…
Paradigmatic Change
It seems that periods during which Mao Zedong dominated the political process in China were characterized by high rates and emphasis on growth of heavy industry. This was the case during the Great Leap Forward (GLF) and again from the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution. Why did Mao support, if not initiate, the policy shift back to the strategy of primitive socialist accumulation after 1965? To answer this question we must take a look at Mao's w…
Paradigmatic Change
Structural Reforms and CPC Power after the Third CPC Plenum, and the 1st Session of the 13th NPC
In February and March 2018 the 3rd Plenum of the 19th CPC Congress and the first meeting of the 13th National People's Congress (NPC) were held. During these meetings, important and far-reaching structural reforms were adopted, including constitutional amendments, restructurings of the government and the relationship between Party and state. Structural reforms are common at the outset of a new fi ve-year NPC term, and it is important to understan…
China's 13th Five-Year Plan
Despite over 35 years of reform, some things in China never change. Thus, regular Five-Year Plans are still being formulated to serve as guidelines for the leadership's economic development policy priorities. The first Five-Year Plan was released in 1953 and only during the Great Leap Forward was the planning process suspended. Since the 1950s, overall planning has been conducted under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The CCP d…
The Fourth Plenum of the CPC Makes an Important Decision on Law Reform in China
During the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Communist Party of China (CPC) Congress, a new and important reform document was adopted. Announcing reforms mainly in the juridical sector, the 'Decision of the CPC Central Committee Concerning Some Major Questions in Comprehensively Moving Governing the Country According to the Law Forward' is part of the overall reform package kicked off at the Third Plenum last year. This article points out the do…
A Note on the 18th Party Congress of the CCP
The 18th Party Congress was more dramatic than anticipated due to the completely non-transparent process of selecting new leaders as well as a number of scandals involving leaders competing for the top posts. This contrasts with 2002 when Hu Jintao became secretary general in a comprehensive change of power that took place without much drama
A Note on China's 12th Five-Year Plan
At the annual meeting of the National People's Congress (NPC) in March 2011, a new five-year plan was approved by the legislators. This is the 12th five-year plan in the history of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The first five-year plan was introduced in 1953. Only during the Great Leap Forward (1958)(1959)(1960) was the planning process suspended and substituted by campaign economics
Shambaugh, China's Communist Party
During the 1950s and 1960s the study of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was an important part of Western scholarship on contemporary China.Landmark studies such as John Lewis' Leadership in Communist China (1963) and A. Doak Barnett's Cadres, Bureaucracy and Political Power in Communist China (1967) were published.Other works, including Franz Schurmann 's Ideology and Organization in Communist China (1966), contained important chapters on the C…
Jiang Finally Steps Down
State and society in China
Journal Article State and society in China: the consequences of reform Get access State and society in China: the consequences of reform. Edited by Arthur Lewis Rosenbaum. Boulder, CO, Oxford: Westview. 1992. 240pp. Index. £10.95. ISBN 0 8133 1176 4. Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 69, Issue 2, April 1993, P…
The foundations of the Chinese planned economy
Journal Article The foundations of the Chinese planned economy: a documentary survey, 1953–65 Get access The foundations of the Chinese planned economy: a documentary survey, 1953–65. By Christopher Howeand Kenneth R. Walker. London: Macmillan. 1989. 370pp. Index. £45.00; ISBN 0 333 46186 x. Pb.: £18.50; ISBN 0 333 46187 8. Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Acade…
China's Political Economy in the Nineties
Economic and Political Reform In Post-Mao China
The present paper will focus on the evolution of economic and political reform in the post-Mao era. It will be argued that although economic reforms were being introduced and implemented from 1979 onwards, the road toward basic systemic reform was blocked by the absence of a simultaneous change of the political system. That the issue of political reform has resurfaced in China Kjeld Erik Brsdsgaard now, ten years after Mao, may signify that econo…
The Democracy Movement in China, 1978-1979
Research Article| July 01 1981 The Democracy Movement in China, 1978-1979: Opposition Movements, Wall Poster Campaigns, and Underground Journals Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1952) 21 (7): 747–774. https://doi.org/10.2307/2643619 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share T…
Paradigmatic Change
It seems that periods during which Mao Zedong dominated the political process in China were characterized by high rates and emphasis on growth of heavy industry. This was the case during the Great Leap Forward (GLF) and again from the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution. Why did Mao support, if not initiate, the policy shift back to the strategy of primitive socialist accumulation after 1965? To answer this question we must take a look at Mao's w…
Paradigmatic Change
State, party, and economy in the transition to socialism in China
Additional informationNotes on contributorsKjeld Erik BrodsgaardThe author wishes to thank lan Bo Andersen, the University of Copenhagen; David Strand, Dickinson College; and Nina Halpern, Dartmouth College, for their comments on the present article
Economic and Political Reform In Post-Mao China
The present paper will focus on the evolution of economic and political reform in the post-Mao era. It will be argued that although economic reforms were being introduced and implemented from 1979 onwards, the road toward basic systemic reform was blocked by the absence of a simultaneous change of the political system. That the issue of political reform has resurfaced in China Kjeld Erik Brsdsgaard now, ten years after Mao, may signify that econo…
China's regional development
Journal Article China's regional development Get access China's regional development. Edited by David S. G. Goodman. London: Routledge for Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1989. 204pp. Index. £32.50. ISBN 0 415 03510 4. Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 66, Issue 3, July 1990, Page 631, https://doi.or…
Economic development in provincial China
Journal Article Economic development in provincial China: the central Shaanxi since 1930 Get access Economic development in provincial China: the central Shaanxi since 1930. By Eduard B. Vermeer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1988. 534pp. Index. £45.00. ISBN 0 521 34392 5. Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, V…
Göran Leijonhufvud
The political economy of Chinese socialism
Journal Article The political economy of Chinese socialism Get access The political economy of Chinese socialism. By Mark Selden. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe. 1989. 241pp. Index. (The Political Economy of Socialism.) $39.95; ISBN 0 87332 426 9. Pb.: $15.95; ISBN 0 87332 504 4. Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 67…
The foundations of the Chinese planned economy
Journal Article The foundations of the Chinese planned economy: a documentary survey, 1953–65 Get access The foundations of the Chinese planned economy: a documentary survey, 1953–65. By Christopher Howeand Kenneth R. Walker. London: Macmillan. 1989. 370pp. Index. £45.00; ISBN 0 333 46186 x. Pb.: £18.50; ISBN 0 333 46187 8. Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Acade…
China's Political Economy in the Nineties
Contemporary Chinese politics in historical perspective
Journal Article Contemporary Chinese politics in historical perspective Get access Contemporary Chinese politics in historical perspective. Edited by Brantly Womack. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1991. 334pp. Pb.: £12.95. ISBN 0 521 42282 5. Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 69, Issue 1, January 1993,…
The fate of Hong Kong
Journal Article The fate of Hong Kong Get access The fate of Hong Kong. By Gerald Segal. London: Simon and Schuster. 1993. 229pp. £16.99. ISBN 0 671 71169 5. Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 69, Issue 4, October 1993, Page 815, https://doi.org/10.2307/2620695 Published: 01 October 1993
State and society in China
Journal Article State and society in China: the consequences of reform Get access State and society in China: the consequences of reform. Edited by Arthur Lewis Rosenbaum. Boulder, CO, Oxford: Westview. 1992. 240pp. Index. £10.95. ISBN 0 8133 1176 4. Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik Brødsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 69, Issue 2, April 1993, P…
Michael Schoenhals
This book is about the power of language in contemporary Chinese politics.There are five studies dealing with various aspects of this issue.The first chapter sketches the methodological framework which is informed by the British antropologist Maurice Freedman and reaches the conclusion that formalization of language ultimately becomes a form of power for the already powerful rather than an instrument of coercion available to all.Chapter two deals…
Odd Arne Westad
This book is about the interaction between the emergence of the Cold War and the outbreak of the Chinese Civil War, which lasted until 1949 and ended in the victory of Mao and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).Methodologically it is informed by a "four-cornered pattern of analysis," which intends to give "equal importance to explaining the perceptions and actions" of each of the parties involved -the CCP, the Guomindang (GMD), the United States, …
China in transformation
Journal Article China in transformation Get access China in transformation. Edited by Tu Wei-MingCambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1994. 253pp. Pb.: £11.25. ISBN 0 674 11754 9. Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard Kjeld Erik Brodsgaard 1University of Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 71, Issue 4, October 1995, Page 812, https://doi.org/10.2307/2625212 Published: 01 October 19…
Reconstructing Twentieth-Century China
This book, the result of a collaborative effort between scholars from Europe, Asia, and the US, argues that the central underlying theme of China's development trajectory in this century is `reconstruction' or jianshe, a keyword in twentieth-century Chinese political discourse. The impulse to reform and rebuild has erupted on a national scale every several years and include The May Fourth Movement, the Nanjing decade of 192737, The Yan'an reconso…
State Capacity in East Asia
State Capacity in East Asia examines states and state capacity in four countries—China, Japan, Taiwan, and Vietnam—that have experienced rapid economic growth over several decades. The book is informed by the view that even though modern market forces and transnational corporations exert new pressures which erode some powers formerly held by the nation-state, it is much too early to declare the state dead. The modern state is constantly being sha…
State Capacity in East Asia
Institutional Reform and the Bianzhi System in China
The article addresses the important issue of the bianzhi system and the role this system plays in governing China at the central and the local level. In making a critical distinction between nomenklatura and bianzhi , loosely translated as “establishment of posts,” the article provides a new perspective on key issues and concepts in the Chinese administrative reform process. The ultimate aim of the process is to create a leaner and more efficient…
The 16th Party Congress in China
At the recent 16th Party Congress a comprehensive change of the Chinese leadership was carried through. Even though there was much speculation as to whether Jiang Zemin and his generation would retire as scheduled, the change of the old guard took place without much drama when the congress finally convened in Beijing. How do we evaluate this development? Does it mean that Chinese politics have matured in the sense that major decisions now conform…
The 10th National People's Congress in China
The two-week long Spring 2003 Meeting of the 10th National People's Congress (NPC) witnessed the completion of the leadership transition that had been initiated at the 16th Party Congress in November 2002. The new state and government leaders were elected without drama or open factional in-fighting. Thus the impression that Chinese politics has entered a phase of predictable institutionalization has been strengthened
Jiang Finally Steps Down
The Fifth Plenary Session
Political science (48 obras) · Law (43 obras) · China (39 obras) · Law (38 obras) · China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance (29 obras) · Politics (29 obras) · Economics (24 obras) · Sociology (20 obras) · Public Administration (18 obras) · Political economy (17 obras)