Geoffrey Tweedale
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 992827 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Geoffrey Tweedale |
| PRENOMES | Geoffrey |
| SOBRENOME | Tweedale |
| ASSINATURA | TWEEDALE G |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Manchester Metropolitan University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 29 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 33 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 29 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1983 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2015 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
A Chequered (and Mated) Scientific Career’
Occupational bladder cancer appeared in dyestuffs workers by the end of the nineteenth century. In the UK, no action was taken by government and industry until the late 1940s, when an epidemiologist, Robert A. M. Case, was commissioned to conduct a study of chemical workers. This article examines Case's pioneering survey and, in particular, the reaction of industry and government to the confirmation that α-naphthylamine, β-naphthylamine, and benz…
Anthony J. Lanza, Silicosis and the Gauley Bridge 'Nine
Gauley Bridge was the scene of America's biggest industrial disaster, in which hundreds of workers died from silicosis in the aftermath of the drilling in 1930-31 of a hydro-electric tunnel at Hawk's Nest. This article scrutinises for the first time the role of Dr A. J. Lanza (a medical director of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company) in hiding the extent of acute silicosis amongst the tunnellers. Lanza and his allies in the medical profession we…
Backstreet capitalism
Drawing upon a database compiled using digital sources, this article explores the development and characteristics of over 1000 Sheffield cutlery enterprises. In Sheffield cutlery, the family was virtually synonymous with the firm. Large factories were rare, with no more than a dozen businesses employing more than 250 workers by 1914. Foreign manufacturers or merchants were sparse, too, and only about 20 have been found operating in Sheffield in t…
Oil on the water
In the Lancashire cotton textile industry, mule spinners were prone to a chronic and sometimes fatal skin cancer (often affecting the groin). The disease had reached epidemic proportions by the 1920s, which necessitated action by the government, employers, and trade unions. In contrast to previous accounts, this article focuses on the government's reaction to mule spinners' cancer. Using official records in the National Archives, the slow introdu…
Defending The Indefensible
In the early twentieth century, asbestos had a reputation as a lifesaver. In 1960, however, it became known that even relatively brief exposure to asbestos can cause mesothelioma, a virulent and lethal cancer. Yet the bulk of the world’s asbestos was mined after 1960. Asbestos usage in many countries continued unabated. This is the first global history of how the asbestos industry and its allies in government, insurance, and medicine defended the…
The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry
Journal Article The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry Get access Andrew Perchard, The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry, Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press, 2007. Pp. 508. £84.95. ISBN 0-7734-5454-3. Geoffrey Tweedale Geoffrey Tweedale Manchester Metropolitan University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social …
Defending the indefensible
Alfred Herbert Ltd and the British machine tool industry, 1887–1983 – By Roger Lloyd‐Jones and M. J. Lewis
Piercing the Corporate Veil
The ‘corporate veil’ refers to the separation of legal identity between parent firms and their subsidiaries, which gives the parent protection against the liabilities of its subsidiaries. Fearing that such liability protection would facilitate illicit activity, early twentieth century courts, especially in America, would sometimes ‘pierce’ the corporate veil. This article explores Adams v. Cape (1990), in which American plaintiffs attempted to pe…
Landscapes of Technology Transfer
Reviewed by: Landscapes of Technology Transfer: Swedish Ironmakers in India, 1860–1864 Geoffrey Tweedale (bio) Landscapes of Technology Transfer: Swedish Ironmakers in India, 1860–1864. By Jan af Geijerstam. Stockholm: Jernkontoret, 2004. Pp. 454. SKr 260. This study originated during the steel crisis in Sweden of the mid-1980s, when Jan af Geijerstam noticed that as Swedish mills closed, often the technology was transferred to India. This led in…
Chrysophiles versus Chrysophobes
In the first half of the twentieth century, asbestos was a controversial mineral because of its association with asbestosis and asbestos-related lung cancer. It has proved no less so since the 1960s, when another asbestos cancer, mesothelioma, was identified. Mesothelioma appeared to be more strongly linked with blue asbestos (crocidolite) than with the other asbestos varieties, brown (amosite) and white (chrysotile). This finding triggered a fie…
Poisoned by the Fluff
The literature on the history of industrial diseases is scanty, especially for byssinosis – a chronic respiratory illness caused by exposure to cotton dust that was prevalent in Lancashire cotton mills from the early nineteenth century. This article uses government, legal, medical, and trade union records to explore the development of state compensation for byssinosis. This began in 1941, but not until the early 1970s did compensation extend to a…
Sources in the History of Occupational Health
Sources in the History of occupational health are scanty-a reflection perhaps of the contentious nature of the documentation. In the UK, asbestos company records have until recently been unavailable and consequently historians and policy-makers have been hindered from exploring a major public health issue. In 1995, however, Chase Manhattan Bank in New York sued the leading British asbestos producer, Turner & Newall, in a property-damage claim. Du…
Industrial Espionage and Technology Transfer
Compensating the Workers
In 1931 the British government introduced pioneering legislation to combat occupational disease in the asbestos industry. A key feature was an Asbestosis Scheme for compensating workers for industrial injury and death. This article examines the implementation of the Scheme at Turner & Newall, the leading UK asbestos producer. The evidence reveals an inequitable system of compensation, especially when compared to the company's generosity to its sh…
Steel City
Asset or Liability? Trade Marks in the Sheffield Cutlery and Tool Trades
Sheffield was a nineteenth-century poineer in trade mark legislation, testifying to an involvement with the marking of goods dating from the sixteenth century. The article discusses the reasons for the importance of trade marks in steel hardware products; describes Sheffield's involvement with trade mark legislation, first for company trade marks, and then for geographic marks; and finally, assesses the impact of Sheffield's trade mark policy. Fa…
Nature Incorporated
Steel Metropolis
Steel was central to 19th-century industrialization, yet museums that cover this industry in anything approaching sufficient depth are a rarity in both Europe and America. It is appropriate, then, that one of the most comprehensive displays of the history of steel and its allied crafts is situated in Sheffield, the city where the industry began. The need for such a museum was recognized as long ago as 1850, when a local man, William Smith, argued…
New documentary evidence on the career of Sir William Boyd Dawkins, F.R.S
Sir William Boyd Dawkins (figure 1) was a prominent geologist in his day, well known as a university professor in Manchester and as a distinguished palaeontologist. Today he is largely forgotten, even in his adopted city, though his biography can be readily reconstructed from several published accounts. Boyd Dawkins’s career in geology began at Jesus College, Oxford, with a first class degree in natural sciences and the encouragement of the Profe…
Geology and industrial consultancy
In Britain's development as the first industrial nation, the crucial importance of surveyors, mining engineers and geologists in prospecting and exploiting minerals and raw materials seems self-evident. Yet historians of geology have yet to take proper account of this aspect of geological science. Why is this ? One reason may simply be that the historiography of the subject itself is only relatively recent and many areas, besides industrial geolo…
Sheffield Steel and America
Sheffield Steel and America
Journal Article Sheffield Steel and America: A Century of Commercial and Technological Interdependence, 1830–1930. By Geoffrey Tweedale. (Cambridge: Cambridge Unversity Press, 1987. xvi + 296 pp. $49.50.) Get access Mansel G. Blackford Mansel G. Blackford Ohio State University, Columbus Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 75, Issue 1, June 1988, Pages 261–262, https://doi.or…
Days at the Factories
Geoffrey Tweedale, "Days at the Factories": A Tour of Victorian Industry with the Penny Magazine, Technology and Culture, Vol. 29, No. 4, Special Issue: Labor History and the History of Technology (Oct., 1988), pp. 888-903
Sheffield Steel and America
Asset or Liability? Trade Marks in the Sheffield Cutlery and Tool Trades
Sheffield was a nineteenth-century poineer in trade mark legislation, testifying to an involvement with the marking of goods dating from the sixteenth century. The article discusses the reasons for the importance of trade marks in steel hardware products; describes Sheffield's involvement with trade mark legislation, first for company trade marks, and then for geographic marks; and finally, assesses the impact of Sheffield's trade mark policy. Fa…
Compensating the Workers
In 1931 the British government introduced pioneering legislation to combat occupational disease in the asbestos industry. A key feature was an Asbestosis Scheme for compensating workers for industrial injury and death. This article examines the implementation of the Scheme at Turner & Newall, the leading UK asbestos producer. The evidence reveals an inequitable system of compensation, especially when compared to the company's generosity to its sh…
Geology and industrial consultancy
In Britain's development as the first industrial nation, the crucial importance of surveyors, mining engineers and geologists in prospecting and exploiting minerals and raw materials seems self-evident. Yet historians of geology have yet to take proper account of this aspect of geological science. Why is this ? One reason may simply be that the historiography of the subject itself is only relatively recent and many areas, besides industrial geolo…
Backstreet capitalism
Drawing upon a database compiled using digital sources, this article explores the development and characteristics of over 1000 Sheffield cutlery enterprises. In Sheffield cutlery, the family was virtually synonymous with the firm. Large factories were rare, with no more than a dozen businesses employing more than 250 workers by 1914. Foreign manufacturers or merchants were sparse, too, and only about 20 have been found operating in Sheffield in t…
The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry
Journal Article The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry Get access Andrew Perchard, The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry, Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press, 2007. Pp. 508. £84.95. ISBN 0-7734-5454-3. Geoffrey Tweedale Geoffrey Tweedale Manchester Metropolitan University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social …
Anthony J. Lanza, Silicosis and the Gauley Bridge 'Nine
Gauley Bridge was the scene of America's biggest industrial disaster, in which hundreds of workers died from silicosis in the aftermath of the drilling in 1930-31 of a hydro-electric tunnel at Hawk's Nest. This article scrutinises for the first time the role of Dr A. J. Lanza (a medical director of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company) in hiding the extent of acute silicosis amongst the tunnellers. Lanza and his allies in the medical profession we…
Poisoned by the Fluff
The literature on the history of industrial diseases is scanty, especially for byssinosis – a chronic respiratory illness caused by exposure to cotton dust that was prevalent in Lancashire cotton mills from the early nineteenth century. This article uses government, legal, medical, and trade union records to explore the development of state compensation for byssinosis. This began in 1941, but not until the early 1970s did compensation extend to a…
Oil on the water
In the Lancashire cotton textile industry, mule spinners were prone to a chronic and sometimes fatal skin cancer (often affecting the groin). The disease had reached epidemic proportions by the 1920s, which necessitated action by the government, employers, and trade unions. In contrast to previous accounts, this article focuses on the government's reaction to mule spinners' cancer. Using official records in the National Archives, the slow introdu…
Steel Metropolis
Steel was central to 19th-century industrialization, yet museums that cover this industry in anything approaching sufficient depth are a rarity in both Europe and America. It is appropriate, then, that one of the most comprehensive displays of the history of steel and its allied crafts is situated in Sheffield, the city where the industry began. The need for such a museum was recognized as long ago as 1850, when a local man, William Smith, argued…
Metallurgy and Technological Change
In England the name Sheffield has long been synonymous with specialty steel,' no more so than in the early 19th century, when the town, though seeming to possess few advantages for the manufacture of steel, virtually monopolized the industry in Europe. In contrast, the U.S. steel industry before 1850 was relatively small-scale and backward, and the country relied almost entirely on England for supplies of crucible steel. Yet, this fact has receiv…
Sheffield Steel and America
* This essay is based on a forthcoming London University thesis, ‘The Sheffield Steel Industry and its Allied Trades and the American Market, 1850–1930’. The author is grateful to the Social Science Research Council, the Central Research Fund of London University, and the Eleutherian Mills Historical Library, Wilmington, Delaware, for providing support for the research. Notes * This essay is based on a forthcoming London University thesis, ‘The S…
Sir Robert Abbott Hadfield F. R. S. (1858-1940) and the dicovery of manganese steel
SIR Robert Hadfield’s discovery of manganese steel in 1882 is generally recognized as the landmark in metallurgical history that inaugurated the age of alloy steels. He related some of the details of this breakthrough in a major study, Metallurgy and Its Influence on Modern Progress (London, Chapman & Hall, 1925), and also set his work in a historical context with a subsequent publication on Michael Faraday’s alloy researches (1). However, many o…
Metallurgy and Technological Change
In England the name Sheffield has long been synonymous with specialty steel,' no more so than in the early 19th century, when the town, though seeming to possess few advantages for the manufacture of steel, virtually monopolized the industry in Europe. In contrast, the U.S. steel industry before 1850 was relatively small-scale and backward, and the country relied almost entirely on England for supplies of crucible steel. Yet, this fact has receiv…
Business and Investment Strategies in the Inter-War British Steel Industry
(1987). Business and Investment Strategies in the Inter-War British Steel Industry: A Case Study of Hadfields Ltd and Bean Cars. Business History: Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 47-72
Sheffield Steel and America
Journal Article Sheffield Steel and America: A Century of Commercial and Technological Interdependence, 1830–1930. By Geoffrey Tweedale. (Cambridge: Cambridge Unversity Press, 1987. xvi + 296 pp. $49.50.) Get access Mansel G. Blackford Mansel G. Blackford Ohio State University, Columbus Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 75, Issue 1, June 1988, Pages 261–262, https://doi.or…
Days at the Factories
Geoffrey Tweedale, "Days at the Factories": A Tour of Victorian Industry with the Penny Magazine, Technology and Culture, Vol. 29, No. 4, Special Issue: Labor History and the History of Technology (Oct., 1988), pp. 888-903
Sheffield Steel and America
Sheffield Steel and America
New documentary evidence on the career of Sir William Boyd Dawkins, F.R.S
Sir William Boyd Dawkins (figure 1) was a prominent geologist in his day, well known as a university professor in Manchester and as a distinguished palaeontologist. Today he is largely forgotten, even in his adopted city, though his biography can be readily reconstructed from several published accounts. Boyd Dawkins’s career in geology began at Jesus College, Oxford, with a first class degree in natural sciences and the encouragement of the Profe…
Geology and industrial consultancy
In Britain's development as the first industrial nation, the crucial importance of surveyors, mining engineers and geologists in prospecting and exploiting minerals and raw materials seems self-evident. Yet historians of geology have yet to take proper account of this aspect of geological science. Why is this ? One reason may simply be that the historiography of the subject itself is only relatively recent and many areas, besides industrial geolo…
Steel Metropolis
Steel was central to 19th-century industrialization, yet museums that cover this industry in anything approaching sufficient depth are a rarity in both Europe and America. It is appropriate, then, that one of the most comprehensive displays of the history of steel and its allied crafts is situated in Sheffield, the city where the industry began. The need for such a museum was recognized as long ago as 1850, when a local man, William Smith, argued…
Nature Incorporated
Asset or Liability? Trade Marks in the Sheffield Cutlery and Tool Trades
Sheffield was a nineteenth-century poineer in trade mark legislation, testifying to an involvement with the marking of goods dating from the sixteenth century. The article discusses the reasons for the importance of trade marks in steel hardware products; describes Sheffield's involvement with trade mark legislation, first for company trade marks, and then for geographic marks; and finally, assesses the impact of Sheffield's trade mark policy. Fa…
Steel City
Compensating the Workers
In 1931 the British government introduced pioneering legislation to combat occupational disease in the asbestos industry. A key feature was an Asbestosis Scheme for compensating workers for industrial injury and death. This article examines the implementation of the Scheme at Turner & Newall, the leading UK asbestos producer. The evidence reveals an inequitable system of compensation, especially when compared to the company's generosity to its sh…
Sources in the History of Occupational Health
Sources in the History of occupational health are scanty-a reflection perhaps of the contentious nature of the documentation. In the UK, asbestos company records have until recently been unavailable and consequently historians and policy-makers have been hindered from exploring a major public health issue. In 1995, however, Chase Manhattan Bank in New York sued the leading British asbestos producer, Turner & Newall, in a property-damage claim. Du…
Industrial Espionage and Technology Transfer
Poisoned by the Fluff
The literature on the history of industrial diseases is scanty, especially for byssinosis – a chronic respiratory illness caused by exposure to cotton dust that was prevalent in Lancashire cotton mills from the early nineteenth century. This article uses government, legal, medical, and trade union records to explore the development of state compensation for byssinosis. This began in 1941, but not until the early 1970s did compensation extend to a…
Chrysophiles versus Chrysophobes
In the first half of the twentieth century, asbestos was a controversial mineral because of its association with asbestosis and asbestos-related lung cancer. It has proved no less so since the 1960s, when another asbestos cancer, mesothelioma, was identified. Mesothelioma appeared to be more strongly linked with blue asbestos (crocidolite) than with the other asbestos varieties, brown (amosite) and white (chrysotile). This finding triggered a fie…
Landscapes of Technology Transfer
Reviewed by: Landscapes of Technology Transfer: Swedish Ironmakers in India, 1860–1864 Geoffrey Tweedale (bio) Landscapes of Technology Transfer: Swedish Ironmakers in India, 1860–1864. By Jan af Geijerstam. Stockholm: Jernkontoret, 2004. Pp. 454. SKr 260. This study originated during the steel crisis in Sweden of the mid-1980s, when Jan af Geijerstam noticed that as Swedish mills closed, often the technology was transferred to India. This led in…
Alfred Herbert Ltd and the British machine tool industry, 1887–1983 – By Roger Lloyd‐Jones and M. J. Lewis
Piercing the Corporate Veil
The ‘corporate veil’ refers to the separation of legal identity between parent firms and their subsidiaries, which gives the parent protection against the liabilities of its subsidiaries. Fearing that such liability protection would facilitate illicit activity, early twentieth century courts, especially in America, would sometimes ‘pierce’ the corporate veil. This article explores Adams v. Cape (1990), in which American plaintiffs attempted to pe…
Defending The Indefensible
In the early twentieth century, asbestos had a reputation as a lifesaver. In 1960, however, it became known that even relatively brief exposure to asbestos can cause mesothelioma, a virulent and lethal cancer. Yet the bulk of the world’s asbestos was mined after 1960. Asbestos usage in many countries continued unabated. This is the first global history of how the asbestos industry and its allies in government, insurance, and medicine defended the…
The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry
Journal Article The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry Get access Andrew Perchard, The Mine Management Professions in the Twentieth-Century Scottish Coal Mining Industry, Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press, 2007. Pp. 508. £84.95. ISBN 0-7734-5454-3. Geoffrey Tweedale Geoffrey Tweedale Manchester Metropolitan University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social …
Defending the indefensible
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