Disentangling crucial factors of the pandemic in Brazil

Effect of lockdown restrictions on mental health

Dados Bibliográficos

ID12288665
AutoresLuis Anunciação (0000-0001-5303-5782, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro – Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil, autor correspondente), Anna Portugal (0000-0003-3693-9979, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil), Lucas Barrozo de Andrade (0000-0002-3479-5177, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil), Louise Marques (0000-0003-3844-6932, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil), J Landeira-Fernandez (0000-0002-8395-8008, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro – Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil)
Ano2022
Volume30
Fascículo6
Páginase4713-e4723
Data de publicação2022-06-27
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoHealth & Social Care in the Community (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0966-0410 • E-ISSN: 1365-2524
EditoraWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/hsc.13878
PMID35758148
OpenAlexW4283651794
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas1
Referências citadas33

Quarantine and social distance restrictions have been enforced worldwide to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The effects of these measures on mental health are recognised, but remaining unclear, is whether these effects are a consequence of the virus itself or policies that are enforced to prevent it. The present study investigated the impact of lockdown restrictions on anxiety and depression at two different times in 2020. Data were collected from 118 participants from all regions of Brazil. After easing quarantine restrictions in the second half of 2020, two natural groups were formed. One group included participants who voluntarily remained at home (n = 73). The other group consisted of those who decided to leave home (n = 45). A linear mixed model was used to determine the effects of group and time and their interaction. The McNemar test was used to determine intragroup differences in perceptions and concerns about COVID-19. Logistic regression identified predictors of high and stable depression and anxiety. None of the factors or their interactions was significant. Indicators of depression and anxiety remained stable over time, regardless of whether the participants left home or remained at home. Significantly, a strong and stable agreement with quarantine was found. The participants agreed that COVID-19 was a threat to public health. Political orientation was a predictor of high and stable levels of depression but not anxiety. Participants who self-identified as liberal politically were at a greater risk of developing depression. The results suggest that the lockdown policy did not contribute to disruptions of mental health, which instead was a consequence of the pandemic and virus itself. We also found wide and strong support amongst the participants for lockdown and mandatory stay-at-home policies

Anxiety · Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 · Depression (economics · Disease · Economics · Environmental health · Logistic regression · McNemar's test · Mental health · Pandemic · Psychiatry · Public health · Quarantine · Sociology · COVID-19 and Mental Health · COVID-19 epidemiological studies · COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts · Demography · Medicine · Nursing · Psychology