Boulder Colluvium and Landform Development at Victoria Peak, Hong Kong Island

A ring and radial structure on Victoria Peak, Hong Kong Island, causes a ledge of resistant rock to shed large volumes of colluvium on the debris slopes (38°) and the ramp slopes (15-2°) below. The residence time of the colluvium is 100 000 years or more and the colluvium evolves by soil formation and deep pedogenesis. Water-stable aggregates produced by organisms are cemented by clay and then by iron oxides. Some of the colluvium becomes resistant and gully gravure takes place. Slope retreat and colluvium formation are episodic, the mantling colluvium inhibiting further slope retreat until it is removed. Cycles are probably of the order of 200 000 years and have been attributed both to Pleistocene glacial episodes and to periods of seismic activity. They may also be related to unloading of deep cone-like sheet joints focussed on Victoria Peak. Slope stability is a problem and more needs to be known of deep rock structure as well as of the effects of boulders in a matrix and the shear strength of the evolving colluvium matrix

Colluvium · Geochemistry · Geomorphology · Lithology · Geological and Geophysical Studies · Geological formations and processes · Landslides and related hazards · Geology

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