Tracking mass death during the fall of Rome's empire (II)

A first inventory of mass graves

Dados Bibliográficos

ID12373218
AutoresMichael Mccormick (0000-0001-7964-9387, autor correspondente)
Ano2016
Volume29
Páginas1004-1007
Data de publicação2016-01-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoJournal of Roman Archaeology (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 1047-7594 • E-ISSN: 2331-5709
EditoraCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s1047759400073190
OpenAlexW2539941852
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas14

Part I of this study synthesized what archaeological features and written evidence indicate about human mortality crises during the later Roman Empire. It argued that one could test competing ideas about mortality crises by assembling and analyzing the archaeological evidence of mass graves of our Type 1, defined as the resting place of more than 5 individuals who were interred more or less simultaneously. Such an archaeological data-set would clarify whether mass death figured significantly in the demographic and cultural landscape of late antiquity. It should, moreover, begin to elucidate when, where, and to what varying extent mortality crises may have been induced by violence, disease, or economic and environmental conditions. Part I reviewed the aggregate patterns of 85 archaeological features in 55 sites. Ten were very large burials (50-526 individuals); burials of between 5 and 9 individuals were most frequent (31 cases). Very large graves were predominantly urban, although large military burials occurred in the countryside. Eyewitnesses described huge mass graves in some of the empire's great cities, but few have been archaeologically documented until now. Nonetheless, the late Roman city that has been most carefully investigated, Jerusalem, has yielded 8 such sites. A third (10) of 29 burials that provide useful evidence document violent death. Although the dating of many features is imperfect, mass graves identified so far peaked in the 6th (24) and 7th (32) c

Ancient history · Archaeological evidence · Archaeology · Empire · Geography · Injury prevention · Medical emergency · Poison control · Roman Empire · Sociology · Violent death · Archaeology and Historical Studies · Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes · Demography · History · Medicine · Paleopathology and ancient diseases