Explaining the Link Between PTSD and Suicide

A Meta-Analysis to Introduce the Cease Framework

Dados Bibliográficos

ID13665254
AutoresLily Brown (California University of Pennsylvania, autor correspondente), Lily A Brown (0000-0002-0879-0110, University of Pennsylvania), Yiqin Zhu (0000-0002-9456-2375, University of Pennsylvania), Marin Kautz (0000-0001-5278-1222, University of Pennsylvania), Erica Weitz (0000-0002-2103-9671, University of Pennsylvania)
Ano2026
Páginas332941251409167-332941251409167
Data de publicação2026-01-02
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoPsychological Reports (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0033-2941 • E-ISSN: 1558-691X
EditoraSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/00332941251409167
PMID41481507
OpenAlexW7117972656
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas257

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a well-known risk-factor for suicidal ideation and attempts, but there have been few attempts to systematically evaluate correlates of this association. Using purported mechanisms of the development of suicidal thoughts and behaviors across nine theories as a guide, a series of meta-analyses (K = 191 studies, N = 79,106) were conducted. Posttraumatic stress disorder had a moderate association with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Defeat and entrapment had large associations with both posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Hopelessness, shame, guilt, anger, and negative cognitions about other people each had moderate associations with both posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Smaller but significant associations were observed for distress tolerance, aggression/hostility, social connection, negative cognitions about the self, self-harm, and acquired capability for suicide. Significant heterogeneity was detected in the meta-analyses and explored quantitatively to examine reasons for heterogeneity. These findings are consolidated into a new framework, the CEASE Framework, reflecting changes in C ognitions, E motions, A ttention/executive functioning/memory, S ensations and perceptions, and E xtreme behaviors that may underlie the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and suicide risk

Anxiety disorder · Association (psychology · Cognition · Distress · Poison control · Posttraumatic stress · Suicidal ideation · Human Factors and Ergonomics · Mental Health via Writing · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research · Suicide and Self-Harm Studies