Selenium-based black bronze treatment, as compared to other patination technologies of ancient and historic black bronzes

Dados Bibliográficos

ID15054573
AutoresJennifer L Mass (0000-0001-8600-4368), Aaron Shugar (0000-0002-0758-2053), Adam C Finnefrock (0000-0002-0431-0239), Satoko Tanimoto, Margaret Olivia Little, Margaret Little, Renée Stein, Ellen Archie
Ano2023
Volume55
Páginas64-74
Data de publicação2023-01-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoSpotlight (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 2750-6185 • E-ISSN: 2750-6185
EditoraOpenEdition (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.4000/techne.17341
OpenAlexW4388977026
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas14

Metalworkers have used black patinas on high-status diminutive bronzes in the Mediterranean and Far East beginning in Antiquity. The textual evidence for these bronzes can be ambiguous, but their compositions have been intensively studied and characterized in recent decades. In addition to the ancient technologies, elemental and molecular analysis of black bronzes across millennia and cultures reveals the frequent presence of selenium-based patinas, which we have identified as copper selenite dihydrate. Selenium patination formulations have long been viewed as the 19th century response to the black patinated alloys (such as shakudō and shibuichi) that arrived in Europe from Japan beginning in the Meiji restoration. However, the 19th century European technological literature does not support this, and so selenium-based patination technologies have remained obscure. In this paper, we examine the proliferation of selenium-based technologies in the early 20th century, along with the merits of hypotheses for their origins in patina formulations

Ancient history · Archaeology · Art · Black sea · Bronze · Metallurgy · Selenium · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis · History · Materials Science · Mineralogy and Gemology Studies · Geology