Indicators of Climate Change, Geospatial and Analytical Mapping of Trends in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh

An Observational Study

Dados Bibliográficos

ID15510508
AutoresFaiqa Falak (Services Institute of Medical Sciences), Farsom Ayub (Services Institute of Medical Sciences), Zunaira Zahid (Services Institute of Medical Sciences), Zouina Sarfraz (0000-0002-5132-7455, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, autor correspondente), Azza Sarfraz (0000-0001-8206-5745, Aga Khan University), Karla Robles‐Velasco (0000-0001-7780-1015, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo), Iván Chérrez-Ojeda (0000-0002-1610-239X, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, autor correspondente)
Ano2022
Volume19
Fascículo24
Páginas17039-17039
Data de publicação2022-12-19
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
EditoraMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph192417039
PMID36554920
OpenAlexW4312196475
IdiomaEN
Citações recebidas1
Referências citadas51

The year 2022 has served as a recall for the impact that climate change has in the South Asian region, which is one of the most vulnerable regions to climate shock. With a paucity of climate-based and geospatial observational studies in South Asia, this paper (i) links power sectors and carbon dioxide emissions, (ii) maps nitrogen dioxide density across three countries (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh), (iii) understands electricity generation trends and projects weather changes through 2100. We monitored data monitored between 1995 and 2021. The following databases were used: the International Energy Agency, the World Bank, the UN Food and Agricultural Organization. Raw data was obtained for climate indicators, which were entered into Microsoft Excel. Geospatial trends were generated in the ArcGIS geostatistical tool by adopting the ordinary kriging method to interpolate and create continuous surfaces depicting the concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the three countries. We found increased usage of coal and fossil fuels in three countries (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh). Both were significant contributors to carbon dioxide emissions. The geographic localities in South Asia were densely clouded with nitrogen dioxide as reported with the tropospheric column mapping. There are expected to be increased days with a heat index >35 °C, and consecutive dry days from 2020 and 2100. We also found increased chances of flooding in certain regions across the three countries. This study monitored climate change indicators and projects between 1995 and 2100. Lastly, we make recommendations to improve the relationship of the environment and living beings

Cartography · Climate change · Climatology · Environmental protection · Flooding (psychology · Geography · Geospatial analysis · Greenhouse gas · Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics · Environmental Science · Flood Risk Assessment and Management · Global Energy and Sustainability Research · Ecology