A human exposure-based traffic assignment model for minimizing fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) intake from on-road vehicle emissions

An exposure-based traffic assignment (TA) model and accompanying analysis framework have been developed to quantify primary and secondary fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposure due to modeled on-road vehicle flow on a regional network at a high spatial resolution. The Chicago Metropolitan Area transportation network is used to demonstrate the model’s decision-informing power. The study compares the spatially distributed exposure impacts due to traffic emissions of two TA optimization scenarios: a baseline user equilibrium with respect to travel time (UET) and a novel system optimal with respect to pollutant intake (SOI). The UET and SOI scenarios are developed through the use of (a) the TA model used for obtaining vehicle flow patterns and characteristics including emissions, (b) a source-receptor matrix for PM 2.5 developed through a reduced-complexity air quality model to quantify primary and secondary PM 2.5 concentrations across the exposure domain, (c) spatial analysis for assessing exposure profiles at the census tract level, and (d) a health impact model to quantify exposure damages. The SOI scenario yields a 9% – 10% total reduction in exposure damages, with the most impacted census tracts benefiting from up to 20% – 30% of reductions, but leads to a 16% increase in travel time costs. Further reduction to PM 2.5 exposure by the SOI is hindered by network constraints, where travel demand in populous areas around the network must still be satisfied. The model can be used to systematically quantify the mitigation potential of different transportation exposure reduction strategies, to assess the exposure impacts of newly developed transportation infrastructure, and to address the equity implications of PM 2.5 exposure from traffic, all under realistic system behavior and bounded by actual system constraints

Air quality index · Baseline (sea · Census · Census tract · Environmental health · Flow network · Geography · Meteorology · Metropolitan area · Particulates · Pollutant · Population · Traffic flow (computer networking · Transport engineering · Air Quality and Health Impacts · Computer Science · Engineering · Environmental Science · Mathematics · Transportation Planning and Optimization · Vehicle emissions and performance · Ecology · Environmental Engineering

• A hybrid estimation of carbon footprints for urban commuting transportation via path reconstruction

  Open Access•Jun Zhang, Qiannan Ai et al.•Environment and Planning B Urban…•2024

  Incluir item

• Addressing Global Mortality from Ambient PM 2.5

  Open Access•Joshua S Apte, Julian D Marshall et al.•Environmental Science & Technology•2015

  Incluir item

• Inequity in consumption of goods and services adds to racial–ethnic disparities in air pollution exposure

  Open Access•Christopher W Tessum, Joshua S Apte et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2019

  Incluir item

• Road Paper. Some Theoretical Aspects of Road Traffic Research.

  J G WARDROP•Proceedings of the Institution of…•1952

  Incluir item

• Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019

  Open Access•Christopher J L Murray, Aleksandr Y Aravkin et al.•The Lancet•2020

  Incluir item

• Goods Movement Life Cycle Assessment for Greenhouse Gas Reduction Goals

  Open Access•Matthew J Nahlik, Andrew T Kaehr et al.•Journal of Industrial Ecology•2016

  Incluir item

• Drop-in biofuels offer strategies for meeting California’s 2030 climate mandate

  Open Access•Michael N Taptich, Corinne D Scown et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2018

  Incluir item

• Utility-specific projections of electricity sector greenhouse gas emissions

  Open Access•Emily Grubert, Jennifer Stokes-Draut et al.•Environmental Research Letters•2020

  Incluir item

• Studies in the Economics of Transportation

  R J Smeed, Martin J Beckmann et al.•The Economic Journal•1957

  Incluir item