Análisis transcultural de los niveles de actividad física y la intención de ser físicamente activo en población adolescente de Chile y España en función de variables sociodemográficas (Cross-cultural analysis of physical activity levels and the intention to be physically active among adolescence students from Chile and Spain regarding sociodemographic variables)

El principal objetivo fue determinar si existen diferencias en los niveles de actividad física (NAF) y la intención de ser físicamente activo entre países en función del género, curso y estatus socioeconómico. Participaron 3052 adolescentes (14.58 ± 1.39 años), 1516 chicos y 1536 chicas. Del total, 734 chilenos y 2318 españoles. Las variables medidas fueron los NAF con el “International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short Form” (IPAQ-SF), la intención de ser físicamente activo con el “Intention to be Physically Active” y el estatus socioeconómico familiar con el “Family Affluence Scale II” (FASII). Se encontraron diferencias significativas en los NAF y en la intención de ser físicamente activo entre países en función del género (p < .001), curso (p < .001) y estatus socioeconómico (p < .01), siendo más altas en España. Además, la relación de cada una de estas variables con los NAF y la intencionalidad varía según el país. Como la relación de las variables sociodemográficas con los NAF y la intención de ser físicamente activo varía en función del país sería necesario llevar a cabo más estudios transculturales que permitan realizar intervenciones de promoción de actividad física y salud adaptadas a las necesidades de cada lugar. === The main goal was to analyze the physical activity levels and the intention to be physically active differences between both countries regarding the gender, course and socioeconomic status. The sample was 3,052 adolescents (14.58 ± 1.39 years), 1,516 males and 1,536 females. From the whole participants, 734 were Chilean and 2,318 Spanish. Physical activity levels were measured using the “International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short Form” (IPAQ-SF), the intention to be physically active using the “Intention to be Physically Active” scale and the socioeconomic status using the “Family Affluence Scale II” (FASII). There are significant differences in physical activity levels and the intention to be physically active between both countries according to the gender (p < .001), course (p < .001) and socioeconomic status (p < .01). Data were higher in Spain than Chile. Moreover, the relation between these sociodemographic variables with physical activity levels and the intention to be physically active were different regarding the country. As the relation between these sociodemographic variables with physical activity levels and the intention to be physically active is different according to the country, cross-cultural researches are required to develop physical activity and health interventions adapted to people`s needs

Humanities · Physical activity · Health and Lifestyle Studies · Medicine · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet · Philosophy · Physical Activity and Health · Psychology

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