The Search for Independence

In both Britain and the United States, slaves were chattels possessing no rights whatever in law or custom, and instances of gross maltreatment were not uncommon (Fyfe, 1962, p. 13). The so-called free Blacks in both countries were only nominally free. Not surprisingly, some White and persons saw emigration of Blacks to Africa as a way out of their oppression in the New World. Aided by some British philanthropists, notably Granville Sharp, William Wilberforce, and Thomas Clarkson, and by the British government, about 400 Blacks recently freed by British law and nicknamed the Black Poor emigrated from Britain to Sierra Leone in April 1787. In January 1792 and September 1800, about 1,190 Nova Scotian Blacks and about 550 Maroons, respectively, emigrated from Canada to Sierra Leone, aided by the Sierra Leone Company, which some British philanthropists and merchants had incorporated in June 1791 to trade with, and administer, Sierra Leone (Akpan, 1978, p. 93).' Similarly in 1822, about 80 African Americans settled in Liberia under the patronage of the American Colonization Society (ACS) and the U.S. government. By 1900 over 16,000 African Americans and about 400 Afro-West Indians had settled in Liberia, aided largely by the ACS. Additionally, between 1822 and 1862, about 5,500 recaptured Africans, mostly people from the Congo region who were seized from slavers in the Atlantic waters by American

Economic history · Emigration · Ethnology · Geography · Government (linguistics) · Independence (probability theory) · Oppression · Political science · Politics · Sierra leone · White (mutation) · History · Law · Race, History, and American Society

• Race Consciousness

  Ayodeji Bayo Ogunrotifa•International Critical Thought•2025

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• A purer form of government”

  Open Access•Jordan T Cash•Journal of Transatlantic Studies•2021

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• Destiny seems to point me to that country’

  Open Access•Bronwen Everill•Journal of Global History•2012

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• British West Africa or ‘The United States of Africa’? Imperial pressures on the transatlantic anti-slavery movement, 1839–1842

  Bronwen Everill•Journal of Transatlantic Studies•2011

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• Land distribution and inequality in a black settler colony

  Open Access•Sara Galli, Klas Rönnbäck•The Economic History Review•2021

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• Toward a Sociology of Colonial Subjectivity

  Open Access•R Hammer, Alexandre I R White et al.•Sociology of Race and Ethnicity•2019

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• The African Colonization Movement 1816–1865

  P J Staudenraus•The African Colonization Movement…•1961

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• The African Colonization Movement, 1816-1865

  P J Staudenraus•The SHAFR Guide Online•2017

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• The African Colonization Movement

  Iain Gunn•African Affairs•1962

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• John Clarkson and the Sierra Leone Company

  A P Kup•The International Journal of…•1972

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• The History of Sierra Leone

  Christopher Fyfe, A B C Sibthorpe•The International Journal of…•1972

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• The Black Loyalists

  John D Hargreaves, James W St G Walker•The International Journal of…•1977

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