Makna Tenun Ikat Dayak Sintang Ditinjau Dari Teori Semiotika Sosial Theo Van Leeuwen

Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving, which is one of the cultural artifacts of Sintang District, West Kalimantan, is used by indigenous peoples (Dayak tribes) as part of their lives in the process of weaving and local customary events. In addition, Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving is also used as a local branding communication medium through its use in the formal and informal activities of the government and the private sector, for example, in welcoming guests and giving souvenirs. However, the tradition of Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving was once abandoned by the Dayak people because it was considered a symbol of underdevelopment or backwardness. Through the collaboration of several non-governmental institutions, a revitalization of Dayak ikat weaving was carried out which caused a shift in the meaning of Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving. This matter forms the basis for the present research into the meaning of Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving which uses Theo Van Leeuwen's semiotic social theory to understand: the meaning of Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving, interpretation by the sign readers of Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving, and how signs and meanings are exchanged based on semiotic resources. This is a qualitative study using the interpretive paradigm. Data collection was carried out through unstructured interviews with people who come in direct contact with the weaving process and people who enjoy woven products, as well as field observations and literature studies. The results showed that the meaning of Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving went through a shift when there were influences from outside that changed the views of the Dayaks regarding Sintang’s Dayak ikat weaving, and its meaning is formed today by its function as cultural artifacts, regional identities, economic commodities and tourism potential and investment. Keywords; social semiotics, ikat weaving, culture, sintang ABSTRAK Tenun ikat Dayak Sintang yang merupakan salah satu artefak budaya di Kabupaten Sintang, Kalimantan Barat digunakan oleh masyarakat adat (suku Dayak) sebagai bagian dari kehidupan mereka dalam proses penenunan dan acara adat istiadat setempat. Selain itu, tenun ikat Dayak Sintang juga digunakan sebagai media komunikasi identitas daerah Sintang (local branding) melalui penggunaannya dalam kegiatan formal dan non formal pemerintah dan pihak swasta, misalnya dalam penyambutan tamu dan pemberian cendera mata. Namun, tradisi menenun tenun ikat Dayak Sintang pernah ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat Dayak karena tenun ikat Dayak Sintang dianggap sebagai lambang ketertinggalan atau keterbelakangan. Melalui kerja sama beberapa lembaga non pemerintah dilakukan revitalisasi tenun ikat Dayak yang membuat makna tenun ikat Dayak Sintang mengalami pergeseran. Hal tersebut mendasari peneliti melakukan penelitian mengenai makna tenun ikat Dayak Sintang ditinjau dari teori semiotika sosial Theo Van Leeuwen untuk memahami: makna dari tenun ikat Dayak Sintang, interpretasi pembaca tanda atas tenun ikat Dayak Sintang, dan bagaimana tanda dan makna dipertukarkan berdasarkan semiotic resources. Penelitian ini adalah penelitiaan kualitatif dengan menggunakan paradigma interpretif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara tidak terstruktur pada orang-orang yang bersentuhan langsung dengan proses penenunan dan orang-orang yang menikmati hasil tenunan, serta observasi lapangan dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna tenun ikat Dayak Sintang mengalami pergeseran ketika ada pengaruh dari luar yang mengubah pandangan orang Dayak mengenai tenun ikat Dayak Sintang, dan saat ini makna yang terbentuk adalah sebagai artefak budaya, identitas daerah, komoditas ekonomi serta potensi wisata dan investasi. Kata Kunci; semiotika sosial, tenun ikat, budaya, sintang

Epistemology · Linguistics · Semiotics · Sociology · Weaving · Cultural and Artistic Studies · Cultural Identity and Representation · Engineering · Folklore, Mythology, and Literature Studies · Mathematics · Philosophy

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