GenAI and Creative Labor

New Evidence on Valuation, Inequality, and Adoption

Dados Bibliográficos

ID19220345
AutoresJoanna Woronkowicz (0000-0002-0501-9478, Indiana University), Douglas S Noonan (0000-0003-4654-9077, Indiana University Indianapolis), Rachel Skaggs (0000-0002-1041-8780, The Ohio State University)
Ano2026
Volume53
Fascículo3
Páginas599-634
Data de publicação2026-05-12
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoWork and Occupations (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0730-8884 • E-ISSN: 1552-8464
EditoraSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/07308884261450882
OpenAlexW7160924378
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas32

Creative work has long been viewed as resistant to automation, grounded in human capacities for judgment, interpretation, and expression. The rapid diffusion of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) challenges this assumption by introducing tools capable of producing plausible creative outputs and destabilizing the boundary between assistance and substitution. This editorial introduces a special issue on AI and creative labor and advances a sociological framework for understanding how GenAI is reorganizing creative work through processes of valuation, collaboration, and inequality. Bringing together four empirical articles and new evidence from a 2025 SNAAP Pulse survey of more than 2,000 arts and design alumni, we examine how GenAI is unevenly incorporated across occupations, workflows, and labor market positions. We show that GenAI adoption among creative workers is not driven by a single logic of efficiency, but is shaped by precarity, autonomy, training, occupational norms, and the visibility of AI within production processes. The findings highlight three core dynamics. First, creativity is increasingly distributed across human and machine contributions, with AI used to augment non-core tasks while reconfiguring authorship and skill. Second, authenticity emerges as a socially organized and context-dependent achievement, with concerns about dilution broadly shared but concerns about social judgment varying across occupations and workflows. Third, inequality operates both downstream and upstream, through unequal capacity to adopt and benefit from AI. Taken together, the special issue and new survey evidence demonstrate that GenAI is reorganizing creative labor unevenly, raising fundamental questions about expertise, authorship, and authority to define value in an AI-mediated economy

Craft · Creative industries · Creativity · Empirical evidence · Generative grammar · Human capital · The arts · Visibility · Cultural Industries and Urban Development · Digital Economy and Work Transformation · Ethics and Social Impacts of AI