Unplugged coding in early childhood

Problem-solving strategies across task-based activities

Dados Bibliográficos

ID21348522
AutoresTuğba Abanoz (0000-0001-8905-4002, Ankara University, autor correspondente), Fılız Kalelıoğlu (0000-0002-7729-5674, Başkent University)
Ano2026
Páginas1-16
Data de publicação2026-05-10
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoThe Journal of Educational Research (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 0022-0671 • E-ISSN: 1940-0675
EditoraInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00220671.2026.2667931
OpenAlexW7160847126
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas39

Early computational thinking plays an increasingly important role in supporting young children’s problem-solving and cognitive flexibility in a technology-rich learning environment. This study explores the problem-solving strategies used by 50 children (aged 5–6) during unplugged algorithm and debugging tasks, examining variations by task type and gender through a mixed-method design. Findings show that children employing more strategies achieved higher scores on both tasks. Post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences between children using no strategies and those using at least one, as well as between those using one strategy and those using three or more. No significant gender differences emerged in strategy use or performance. Strategies such as visualizing, questioning, fix-up techniques, and commenting were linked to higher scores, while not using strategies related to lower performance. Results emphasize the importance of fostering diverse strategy use in early computational thinking and suggest strategy diversity may indicate cognitive flexibility. Overall, young children’s problem-solving was more influenced by strategy use and scaffolding than gender

Coding (social sciences) · Encoding (memory) · Identification (biology) · Key (lock) · Child and Animal Learning Development · Early Childhood Education and Development · Innovative Education and Learning Practices